GK921

GK921 is a transglutaminase 2 (TGase) inhibitor with an IC50 of 7.71 μM for human recombinant TGase 2.

Signaling Pathways >> Others >> Others

Research Areas >> Cancer

IC50: 7.71 μM (TGase)[1]

GK921 inhibits the TGase 2-induced polymerization of I-κBα and p53 in a dose-dependent manner. The cytotoxicity of GK921 ranged from GI50 of 10-10 to 10-4 M. The average GI50 is 9.05×10-7 M. GK921 rescues p53 levels and consequently induces apoptosis; a concentration-dependent increase in cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (c-PARP) and p53 levels is observed[1].

A single treatment with GK921 almost completely reduces tumor growth by stabilizing p53 in the ACHN and CAKI-1 preclinical xenograft tumor models[1].

TGase 2 from guinea pig liver is preincubated for 10 min with various concentrations of GK13 or GK921 in 0.1 mL of reaction buffer, with or without 10 mM CaCl2, followed by the addition of 0.4 mL of substrate solution containing 2

Cells are transfected with a BAX promoter luciferase reporter construct. After exposure to GK921 (0, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5 μM), firefly and Renilla luciferase activities are measured using a dual luciferase assay kit and pRL-CMV as an internal control[1].

Mice: GK921 is dissolved in DMSO. Vehicle alone and GK921 (8 mg/kg) are administered orally once per day, 5 days/week, for 64 days. The size of the primary tumors is measured every 2-3 days using calipers. Tumor volume is calculated[1].

[1]. Ku BM, et al. Transglutaminase 2 inhibitor abrogates renal cell carcinoma in xenograft models. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2014 May;140(5):757-67.

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