D-(+)-Galactosamine hydrochloride

Names

[ Name ]:
D-(+)-Galactosamine hydrochloride

[Synonym ]:
Galactosamine
2-Amino-2-deoxy-D-galactopyranose hydrochloride D-Chondrosamine hydrochloride
D-GalactosaMine HC1
2-deoxy-2-amino-D-galactose hydrochloride
α-D-Galactopyranose, 2-amino-2-deoxy-, hydrochloride (1:1)
GALACTOSAMINE HCL
2-aMino-2-deoxy-L-idose
D-GALN HCL
D-(+)-Galactosamine hydrochloride
2-Amino-2-deoxy-D-galactopyranose hydrochloride,D-Chondrosamine hydrochloride
2-amino-2-deoxy-D-galactopyranose hydrochloride
Chondrosamine Hydrochloride
2-Amino-2-deoxy-α-D-galactopyranose hydrochloride (1:1)
D-GALACTOSAMINE HCL
CHONDROSAMINE
EINECS 217-198-1
MFCD00135830
(2R,3R,4R,5R)-2-Amino-3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyhexanal hydrochloride
D-CHONDROSAMINE HCL
GALACTOSAMINE HCL,D
N-Acetylgalactosamine hydrochloride

Biological Activity

[Description]:

D(+)-Galactosamine (D-Galactosamine) hydrochloride, which is an established experimental toxin, primarily causes liver injury by the generation of free radicals and depletion of UTP nucleotides. D(+)-Galactosamine hydrochloride intoxication also induces renal dysfunction thus, renal failure is often associated with the end-stage of the liver damage. Lipopolysaccharide/D(+)-Galactosamine-induced acute liver injury is a known animal model of fulminant hepatic failure[1][2].

[Related Catalog]:

Research Areas >> Inflammation/Immunology

[References]

[1]. Ayhanci A, et al. Protective effects of ellagic acid in D-galactosamine-induced kidney damage in rats. Cytotechnology. 2016;68(5):1763-1770.

[2]. Okumura A, et al. Alleviation of lipopolysaccharide/d-galactosamine-induced liver injury in leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin 2 deficient mice. Biochem Biophys Rep. 2017;12:166-171. Published 2017 Oct 13.

Chemical & Physical Properties

[ Boiling Point ]:
532.5ºC at 760 mmHg

[ Melting Point ]:
182-185 °C (dec.)(lit.)

[ Molecular Formula ]:
C₆H₁₄ClNO₅

[ Molecular Weight ]:
215.63

[ Flash Point ]:
275.8ºC

[ Exact Mass ]:
215.056046

[ PSA ]:
116.17000

[ Vapour Pressure ]:
5.53E-10mmHg at 25°C

[ Index of Refraction ]:
96 ° (C=1, H2O)

[ Storage condition ]:
2~8°C

[ Water Solubility ]:
SOLUBLE

MSDS

Click to get detail MSDS

Safety Information

[ Personal Protective Equipment ]:
Eyeshields;Gloves;type N95 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter

[ Hazard Codes ]:
Xi

[ Risk Phrases ]:
R36/37/38

[ Safety Phrases ]:
S24/25

[ RIDADR ]:
NONH for all modes of transport

[ WGK Germany ]:
3

[ RTECS ]:
LW5500000

[ HS Code ]:
2922399090

Synthetic Route

Click to get detail synthetic route

Precursor & DownStream

Precursor

DownStream

Customs

[ HS Code ]: 2922399090

[ Summary ]:
2922399090 other amino-aldehydes, amino-ketones and amino-quinones, other than those containing more than one kind of oxygen function; salts thereof VAT:17.0% Tax rebate rate:9.0% Supervision conditions:none MFN tariff:6.5% General tariff:30.0%

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