Direct Violet 1

Names

[ Name ]:
Direct Violet 1

[Synonym ]:
Violet N
Pontamine Violet N
cottonvioletr
directvioletc
diazolvioletn
DIAMINE VIOLET
DirectvioletN
benzovioletn
Erie Violet 3R
Dianil Violet H
Diamine Violet N
violetprima1
phenovioletn

Biological Activity

[Description]:

Direct Violet 1, an azo dye, is a textile dye. Direct Violet 1 is also the protein-protein interaction (PPI) between the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and ACE2 inhibitor with IC50s of 1.47-2.63 µM[1][2].

[Related Catalog]:

Research Areas >> Infection

Signaling Pathways >> Anti-infection >> SARS-CoV

[Target]

IC50: 1.47 µM (SARS-CoV-2-S-RBD binding to ACE2); 2.63 µM (SARS-CoV-S1S2 binding to ACE2); 2.11 µM (TNF-R1-TNFα binding)[1]

[In Vitro]

Direct Violet 1 inhibits SARS-CoV-2-S-RBD binding to human ACE2, inhibits SARS-CoV-S1S2 binding to ACE2, and inhibits TNF-R1 binding to TNFα with IC50 values of 1.47 µM, 2.63 µM, and 2.11 µM, respectively[1]. Direct Violet 1 inhibits SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus entry into hACE2 expressing host cells in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC50 of 35.8 µM[1].

[References]

[1]. Damir Bojadzic, et al. Small-Molecule In Vitro Inhibitors of the Coronavirus Spike-ACE2 Protein-Protein Interaction as Blockers of Viral Attachment and Entry for SARS-CoV-2. bioRxiv, 2020 Oct 22.

[2]. Wafaa M Abd El-Rahim, et al. Genotoxicity studies on the removal of a direct textile dye by a fungal strain, in vivo, using micronucleus and RAPD-PCR techniques on male rats. J Appl Toxicol. 2008 May;28(4):484-90.

Chemical & Physical Properties

[ Density]:
1.64g/cm3

[ Molecular Formula ]:
C₃₂H₂₂N₆Na₂O₈S₂

[ Molecular Weight ]:
728.66200

[ Exact Mass ]:
728.07400

[ PSA ]:
273.10000

[ LogP ]:
10.19860

[ Index of Refraction ]:
1.771

MSDS

Click to get detail MSDS

Toxicological Information

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: QK1420000

CHEMICAL NAME :: 2-Naphthalenesulfonic acid, 5,5'-(4,4'-biphenylylenebis(azo))bis(6-amino-4-hydrox y-, disodium salt

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 2586-60-9

LAST UPDATED :: 198910

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 2

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C32-H22-N6-O8-S2.2Na

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 728.70

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: L66J CZ HSWO JQ BNUNR DR DNUN- BL66J CZ HSWO JQ &-NA- 2

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1125 gm/kg/71W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors Blood - leukemia

REFERENCE :: VOONAW Voprosy Onkologii. Problems of Oncology. For English translation, see PONCAU. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-10, 1928-37; V.1- 1955- Volume(issue)/page/year: 23(7),72,1977

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 125 gm/kg/71W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - tumors Blood - tumors

REFERENCE :: GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI Volume(issue)/page/year: 22(10),22,1978

Safety Information

[ Hazard Codes ]:
Xi

[ RTECS ]:
QK1420000