Chloral hydrate

Names

[ CAS No. ]:
302-17-0

[ Name ]:
Chloral hydrate

[Synonym ]:
Trichloroacetaldehyde Hydrate
trichloroacetaldehyde monohydrate
EINECS 206-117-5
Dormal
Escre
Nortec
Hynos
bi3411
TCA
Noctec
Chloral hydrate
1,1-dihydroxy-2,2,2-trichloroethane
Tosyl
2,2,2-trichloro-1,1-ethanediol
2,2,2-trichloroacetaldehyde monohydrate
2,2,2-Trichloroethane-1,1-diol
Hydral
MFCD00044479

Chemical & Physical Properties

[ Density]:
1.8±0.1 g/cm3

[ Boiling Point ]:
96.3±0.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ Melting Point ]:
57 °C(lit.)

[ Molecular Formula ]:
C₂H₃Cl₃O₂

[ Molecular Weight ]:
165.403

[ Flash Point ]:
57.3±25.9 °C

[ Exact Mass ]:
163.919861

[ PSA ]:
40.46000

[ LogP ]:
1.27

[ Vapour Pressure ]:
25.6±0.3 mmHg at 25°C

[ Index of Refraction ]:
1.546

[ Storage condition ]:
0-6°C

[ Stability ]:
Stable, but may be air or light sensitive. Incompatible with alcohols, cyanides, iodine, strong bases, carbonates.

[ Water Solubility ]:
660 g/100 mL

MSDS

Click to get detail MSDS

Toxicological Information

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: FM8750000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Chloral hydrate

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 302-17-0

BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. :: 1698497

LAST UPDATED :: 199801

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 81

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C2-H3-Cl3-O2

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 165.40

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: QYQXGGG

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :: 1 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - coma Cardiac - pulse rate increase, without fall in BP Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cyanosis

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - child

DOSE/DURATION :: 219 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Cardiac - arrhythmias (including changes in conduction)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :: 960 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions Cardiac - pulse rate increase, without fall in BP

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :: 465 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - effect, not otherwise specified Behavioral - coma Vascular - BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human

DOSE/DURATION :: 4 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - miosis (pupillary constriction) Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human

DOSE/DURATION :: 300 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - general anesthetic Cardiac - arrhythmias (including changes in conduction) Vascular - BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - child

DOSE/DURATION :: 39 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Skin and Appendages - dermatitis, other (after systemic exposure)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - child

DOSE/DURATION :: 88 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cyanosis Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - child

DOSE/DURATION :: 48 mg/kg/6H-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Cardiac - pulse rate increase, without fall in BP

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :: 103 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - infant

DOSE/DURATION :: 160 mg/kg/3D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Cardiac - arrhythmias (including changes in conduction)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Rectal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - child

DOSE/DURATION :: 97 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Cardiac - pulse rate increase, without fall in BP

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 479 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 3030 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 472 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Parenteral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 710 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 725 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - excitement Behavioral - ataxia

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Rectal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 710 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 1100 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 580 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 800 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - general anesthetic Behavioral - excitement Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 530 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 850 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - excitement Behavioral - ataxia

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 1 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - sleep

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 180 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - general anesthetic

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - cat

DOSE/DURATION :: 400 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - sleep

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 1200 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - general anesthetic

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 1 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - general anesthetic Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 400 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 1400 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - excitement Behavioral - ataxia

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Rectal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 1 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - general anesthetic Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 400 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 940 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - excitement Behavioral - ataxia

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraarterial

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 400 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Bird - pigeon

DOSE/DURATION :: 300 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Amphibian - frog

DOSE/DURATION :: 938 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Parenteral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Amphibian - frog

DOSE/DURATION :: 900 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - cattle

DOSE/DURATION :: 30 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - cattle

DOSE/DURATION :: 10 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Rectal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - cattle

DOSE/DURATION :: 30 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 15120 mg/kg/90D-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Liver - hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - transaminases

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 210 mg/kg/30W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Blood - other changes Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - true cholinesterase

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1413 mg/kg/90D-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - body temperature decrease

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 2016 mg/kg/14D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Liver - changes in liver weight Endocrine - changes in spleen weight Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 1440 mg/kg/90D-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Liver - changes in liver weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - other changes Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 10 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 960 mg/kg/1W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 13 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 3 week(s) pre-mating - 3 week(s) post-birth

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral

TYPE OF TEST :: Specific locus test

TYPE OF TEST :: Micronucleus test

TYPE OF TEST :: Micronucleus test

TYPE OF TEST :: Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction

TEST SYSTEM :: Rodent - hamster Lung

DOSE/DURATION :: 500 mg/L

REFERENCE :: MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 287,29,1993 *** REVIEWS *** IARC Cancer Review:Animal Limited Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 63,245,1995 IARC Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 63,245,1995 IARC Cancer Review:Group 3 IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 63,245,1995 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 84490 No. of Facilities: 1191 (estimated) No. of Industries: 3 No. of Occupations: 10 No. of Employees: 10916 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 84490 No. of Facilities: 264 (estimated) No. of Industries: 4 No. of Occupations: 11 No. of Employees: 11278 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 8131 (estimated)

Safety Information

[ Symbol ]:

GHS07

[ Signal Word ]:
Warning

[ Hazard Statements ]:
H302-H312-H319-H332

[ Precautionary Statements ]:
P280-P305 + P351 + P338

[ Personal Protective Equipment ]:
Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face respirator (US);Gloves;multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US);type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter

[ Hazard Codes ]:
T:Toxic

[ Risk Phrases ]:
R25;R36/38

[ Safety Phrases ]:
S26-S45-S25-S23-S36/37-S16-S27

[ RIDADR ]:
UN 3286 3/PG 2

[ WGK Germany ]:
2

[ RTECS ]:
FM8750000

[ Packaging Group ]:
III

[ Hazard Class ]:
6.1(b)

[ HS Code ]:
2913000010

Synthetic Route

Click to get detail synthetic route

Precursor & DownStream

Precursor

DownStream

Customs

[ HS Code ]: 2905590090

[ Summary ]:
2905590090 other halogenated, sulphonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives of acyclic alcohols。Supervision conditions:None。VAT:17.0%。Tax rebate rate:9.0%。MFN tariff:5.5%。General tariff:30.0%

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