Betaxolol hydrochloride

Betaxolol Hydrochloride is a selective beta1 adrenergic receptor blocker used in the treatment of hypertension and glaucoma.Target: Beta1 Adrenergic ReceptorBetaxolol is a cardioselective beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agent. Betaxolol (5 mg/kg via i.p. injection) was administered at 24 and then 44 h following the final chronic cocaine administration. Animals treated with betaxolol during cocaine withdrawal exhibited a significant attenuation of anxiety-like behavior characterized by increased time spent in the open arms and increased entries into the open arms compared to animals treated with only saline during cocaine withdrawal. Betaxolol did not produce anxiolytic-like effects in control animals treated chronically with saline [1]. Betaxolol produces less systemic beta 2- and possibly beta 1-adrenergic receptor blockade than either timolol or levobunolol. Betaxolol may be relatively safer to use in patients with reactive airway disease than either timolol or levobunolol [2].

Signaling Pathways >> GPCR/G Protein >> Adrenergic Receptor

Research Areas >> Cardiovascular Disease

[1]. Rudoy, C.A. and E.J. Van Bockstaele, Betaxolol, a selective beta(1)-adrenergic receptor antagonist, diminishes anxiety-like behavior during early withdrawal from chronic cocaine administration in rats. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry, 2007. 31(5

[2]. Lesar, T.S., Comparison of ophthalmic beta-blocking agents. Clin Pharm, 1987. 6(6): p. 451-63.

Isoprenaline hydrochloride | ICI 118,551 (hydrochloride) | Phenylephrine hydrochloride | Yohimbine hydrochloride | Adrenaline | Ivabradine hydrochloride | Prazosin hydrochloride | Clenbuterol hydrochloride | Phentolamine mesilate | guanfacine hydrochloride | pimozide | Sotalol hydrochloride | Carvedilol | Atenolol | Metroprolol succinate

MOLECULAR FORMULA :

C18-H29-N-O3.Cl-H

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :

343.94

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :

L3TJ A1O2R DO1YQ1MY1&1 &GH

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

998 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - tremor Behavioral - ataxia Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - body temperature decrease

REFERENCE :

YACHDS Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. (Raifu Saiensu Shuppan K.K., 2-5-13, Yaesu, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104, Japan) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 18(Suppl 7),S1621,1990

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

389 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Skin and Appendages - hair

REFERENCE :

YACHDS Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. (Raifu Saiensu Shuppan K.K., 2-5-13, Yaesu, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104, Japan) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 18(Suppl 7),S1621,1990

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

27400 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - effect, not otherwise specified Behavioral - tremor Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

REFERENCE :

YACHDS Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. (Raifu Saiensu Shuppan K.K., 2-5-13, Yaesu, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104, Japan) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 18(Suppl 7),S1621,1990

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

48 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - tremor Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay)

REFERENCE :

LMSED6 L.E.R.S. Monograph Series. Laboratories d'Etudes et de Recherches Synthelabo Monograph Series. (Raven Press, 1185 Ave. of the Americas, New York, NY 10036) V.1- 1983- Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,43,1983

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

332 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Skin and Appendages - hair

REFERENCE :

YACHDS Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. (Raifu Saiensu Shuppan K.K., 2-5-13, Yaesu, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104, Japan) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 18(Suppl 7),S1621,1990

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

37 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

USXXAM United States Patent Document. (U.S. Patent Office, Box 9, Washington, DC 20231) Volume(issue)/page/year: #4252984

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :

30 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

IYKEDH Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. (Nippon Koteisho Kyokai, 12-15, 2-chome, Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan) V.1- 1970- Volume(issue)/page/year: 25,815,1994 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

72800 mg/kg/26W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Liver - changes in liver weight Endocrine - changes in spleen weight Related to Chronic Data - death

REFERENCE :

LMSED6 L.E.R.S. Monograph Series. Laboratories d'Etudes et de Recherches Synthelabo Monograph Series. (Raven Press, 1185 Ave. of the Americas, New York, NY 10036) V.1- 1983- Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,43,1983

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

7840 mg/kg/4W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands

REFERENCE :

LMSED6 L.E.R.S. Monograph Series. Laboratories d'Etudes et de Recherches Synthelabo Monograph Series. (Raven Press, 1185 Ave. of the Americas, New York, NY 10036) V.1- 1983- Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,43,1983

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :

7300 mg/kg/1Y-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition

REFERENCE :

YACHDS Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. (Raifu Saiensu Shuppan K.K., 2-5-13, Yaesu, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104, Japan) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 18(Suppl 7),S1689,1990

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :

7280 mg/kg/52W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - effect, not otherwise specified

REFERENCE :

LMSED6 L.E.R.S. Monograph Series. Laboratories d'Etudes et de Recherches Synthelabo Monograph Series. (Raven Press, 1185 Ave. of the Americas, New York, NY 10036) V.1- 1983- Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,43,1983

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :

168 mg/kg/4W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Cardiac - pulse rate

REFERENCE :

LMSED6 L.E.R.S. Monograph Series. Laboratories d'Etudes et de Recherches Synthelabo Monograph Series. (Raven Press, 1185 Ave. of the Americas, New York, NY 10036) V.1- 1983- Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,43,1983 ** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

30464 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

multigeneration

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Fertility - litter size (e.g. # fetuses per litter; measured before birth) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

REFERENCE :

YACHDS Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. (Raifu Saiensu Shuppan K.K., 2-5-13, Yaesu, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104, Japan) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 18(Suppl 7),S1703,1990

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

30464 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

multigeneration

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - delayed effects

REFERENCE :

YACHDS Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. (Raifu Saiensu Shuppan K.K., 2-5-13, Yaesu, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104, Japan) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 18(Suppl 7),S1703,1990

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

5200 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 17-21 day(s) after conception lactating female 21 day(s) post-birth

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - stillbirth Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - physical

REFERENCE :

YACHDS Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. (Raifu Saiensu Shuppan K.K., 2-5-13, Yaesu, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104, Japan) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 18(Suppl 7),S1753,1990

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

5200 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 17-21 day(s) after conception lactating female 21 day(s) post-birth

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - physical Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - delayed effects

REFERENCE :

YACHDS Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. (Raifu Saiensu Shuppan K.K., 2-5-13, Yaesu, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104, Japan) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 18(Suppl 7),S1753,1990

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

DOSE :

50 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 7-16 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - other neonatal measures or effects Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - biochemical and metabolic

REFERENCE :

AIPBE4 Archives Internationalos de Physiologie, de Biochimie et de Biophysique. (Vaillant-Carmanne, s.a., Zeven Puttenstraat 20, 3690 Zutendaal, Belgium) V.99- 1991- Volume(issue)/page/year: 100,355,1992

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

468 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 6-18 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

REFERENCE :

LMSED6 L.E.R.S. Monograph Series. Laboratories d'Etudes et de Recherches Synthelabo Monograph Series. (Raven Press, 1185 Ave. of the Americas, New York, NY 10036) V.1- 1983- Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,43,1983

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

468 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 6-18 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea) Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

REFERENCE :

YACHDS Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. (Raifu Saiensu Shuppan K.K., 2-5-13, Yaesu, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104, Japan) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 18(Suppl 7),S1741,1990