Nickel-sulfuric acid (1:1)

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :

154.77

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :

NI S-O4

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - child

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

500 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - muscle contraction or spasticity Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - body temperature decrease

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

20894 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

7640 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - fluid intake Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - proteinuria

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :

38 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :

38 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - cat

DOSE/DURATION :

24 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :

33 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory stimulation Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - body temperature decrease

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :

33 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory stimulation Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - body temperature decrease

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

14 mg/kg/2W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - changes in lung weight Liver - changes in liver weight Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

2 gm/kg/20D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Endocrine - hyperglycemia

TYPE OF TEST :

TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

10 mg/m3/4H/39W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

71226 mg/kg/26W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in bladder weight Endocrine - changes in thymus weight Immunological Including Allergic - decreased immune response

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Implant

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

95 mg/kg/78W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

Morphological transformation

TEST SYSTEM :

Rodent - hamster Embryo

REFERENCE :

CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941- Volume(issue)/page/year: 39,193,1979 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-TWA 0.1 mg(Ni)/m3 DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 IARC Cancer Review:Human Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 49,257,1990 IARC Cancer Review:Animal Limited Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 49,257,1990 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ACLSCP Annals of Clinical and Laboratory Science. (1833 Delancey Pl., Philadelphia, PA 19103) V.1- 1971- Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,156,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW 85DHAX "Medical and Biologic Effects of Environmental Pollutants Series," Washington, DC, National Academy of Sciences, 1972-77 Volume(issue)/page/year: Ni,168,1975 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,178,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-ARAB Republic of Egypt:TWA 0.1 mg(Ni)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 (insoluble compounds) JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 0.05 mg(Ni)/m3;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 (insoluble compounds) JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 0.1 mg(Ni)/m3;Skin;Carcinogen (insoluble compounds) JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:STEL 0.005 mg(Ni)/m3;Carcinogen (insoluble compounds) JAN 1993 OEL-JAPAN:TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 0.1 mg(Ni)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 (insoluble compounds) JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 0.05 mg(Ni)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 0.5 mg(Ni)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 0.5 mg(Ni)/m3 (insoluble compounds) JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 0.5 mg(Ni)/m3;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-THAILAND:TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 0.5 mg(Ni)/m3 (insoluble compounds) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO NICKEL, INORGANIC-air:10H CA TWA 0.015 mg(Ni)/m3 REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 50510 No. of Facilities: 2205 (estimated) No. of Industries: 53 No. of Occupations: 26 No. of Employees: 13210 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 50510 No. of Facilities: 3480 (estimated) No. of Industries: 67 No. of Occupations: 45 No. of Employees: 56844 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 12029 (estimated)