L-165041

Names

[ Name ]:
L-165041

[Synonym ]:
Acetic acid, 2-[4-[3-(4-acetyl-3-hydroxy-2-propylphenoxy)propoxy]phenoxy]-
{4-[3-(4-Acetyl-3-hydroxy-2-propylphenoxy)propoxy]phenoxy}acetic acid
l-165,041
L-165041

Biological Activity

[Description]:

L-165041 is a cell permeable PPARδ agonist, with Kis of 6 nM and appr 730 nM for PPARδ and PPARγ, respectively, and induces adipocyte differentiation in NIH-PPARδ cells.

[Related Catalog]:

Research Areas >> Metabolic Disease

[Target]

PPARδ:6 nM (Ki)

PPARγ:730 nM (Ki)

[In Vitro]

L-165041 is a PPARδ agonist, with Kis of 6 nM and appr 730 nM for PPARδ and PPARγ, respectively[1]. L-165041 (1 or 5 µM) inhibits VEGF-induced endothelial cells (ECs) proliferation and migration. L-165041 negatively affects cell cycle progression in VEGF-activated human umbilical vein ECs (HUVECs). L-165041 (10 µM)inhibits PPARδ-independent, VEGF-induced angiogenesis[2]. PPARδ ligand L-165041 inhibits PDGF-induced rVSMC proliferation and migration. With 1 h of L-165041 pretreatment, PDGF-induced cellular migration is inhibited. L-165041 (10 μM) significantly suppresses S phase transition induced by PDGF[4].

[In Vivo]

L-165041 (5 mg/kg/day, i.p.) significantly lowers the formation of lipid droplets in mice. L-165041 markedly reduces the level of both the hepatic cholesterol and triglycerides in mice. L-165041 increases mRNA expression levels of PPARδ compared to the vehicle group. Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) expression in L-165041-treated mice is significantly higher than that in the vehicle group[3].

[Cell Assay]

Human umbilical vein ECs (HUVECs) are cultured in EGM-2. Subconfluent HUVECs are made quiescent by serum starvation [EBM-2 containing 0.1% fetal bovine serum (FBS)] for 4 h. The cells are pretreated with the PPARδ ligand L-165041 or GW501516 for 6 h followed by VEGF (10 ng/mL) induction[2].

[Animal admin]

LDLR−/− mice are divided into vehicle (0.1 N NaOH) and L-165041 (5 mg/kg/day) group (9 animals in each group). LDLR−/− mice receive either NaOH or L-165041 via daily intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) for 16 weeks with the Western diet. Body weight is measured once a week and the blood samples for a serum parameter analysis are collected using an eye-bleeding method every 4 weeks. At the end of the experiment, LDLR−/− mice are fasted for 24 h before sacrificed and the liver samples are either fixed in formalin or frozen at −70°C for further analysis. All animals are housed in polycarbonate cages in a room with a 12-h light/12-h dark cycle, and maintained at a constant temperature of 22°C[3].

[References]

[1]. Berger J, et al. Novel peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma and PPARdelta ligands produce distinct biological effects. J Biol Chem. 1999 Mar 5;274(10):6718-25.

[2]. Park, Jin-Hee., et al. The PPARδ ligand L-165041 inhibits vegf-induced angiogenesis, but the antiangiogenic effect is not related to PPARδ. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry (2012), 113(6), 1947-1954.

[3]. Lim, Hyun-Joung., et al. PPARδ ligand L-165041 ameliorates Western diet-induced hepatic lipid accumulation and inflammation in LDLR-/- mice. European Journal of Pharmacology (2009), 622(1-3), 45-51.

[4]. Lim, Hyun-Joung., et al. PPARδ agonist L-165041 inhibits rat vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration via inhibition of cell cycle. Atherosclerosis (Amsterdam, Netherlands) (2009), 202(2), 446-454.

[Related Small Molecules]

GW9662 | Retinoic acid | Elafibranor | GW501516 | Troglitazone | T0070907 | Pemafibrate | CDDO-Im | Wy-14643 | GW0742 | GW1929 | FH535 | Icariin | Daidzein | Fisetin

Chemical & Physical Properties

[ Density]:
1.2±0.1 g/cm3

[ Boiling Point ]:
600.8±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ Melting Point ]:
127-128ºC(lit.)

[ Molecular Formula ]:
C₂₂H₂₆O₇

[ Molecular Weight ]:
402.438

[ Flash Point ]:
206.5±25.0 °C

[ Exact Mass ]:
402.167847

[ PSA ]:
102.29000

[ LogP ]:
4.98

[ Vapour Pressure ]:
0.0±1.8 mmHg at 25°C

[ Index of Refraction ]:
1.566

MSDS

Click to get detail MSDS

Safety Information

[ Personal Protective Equipment ]:
Eyeshields;Gloves;type N95 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter

[ RIDADR ]:
NONH for all modes of transport

[ WGK Germany ]:
3

[ HS Code ]:
2918990090

Customs

[ HS Code ]: 2918990090

[ Summary ]:
2918990090. other carboxylic acids with additional oxygen function and their anhydrides, halides, peroxides and peroxyacids; their halogenated, sulphonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives. VAT:17.0%. Tax rebate rate:13.0%. . MFN tariff:6.5%. General tariff:30.0%

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