Benzalkonium chloride

Benzalkonium chloride is a potent anti-microbial agent, used as a preservative in eye drops.

Signaling Pathways >> Anti-infection >> Bacterial

Research Areas >> Infection

Benzalkonium chloride (0.0001%-0.5%) results in a dose-dependent cytotoxicity in cells. Benzalkonium chloride also shows cytotoxicity against human keratinocytes, with 50% loss of viability of 4 μM. Benzalkonium chloride shows different results in NHEK and NB1RGB cell cultures, and the ED50 of 3.9 and 62 μM, respectively. The clinically used concentration (0.01% Benzalkonium chloride) significantly reduces cell viability, with only 14%-19% of nasal epithelial cells surviving the treatment[1].

Benzalkonium chloride (0.02%) causes no abnormalities in the nasal epithelium of the monkeys after light and electron microscopical examination. In 4-5 week-old SD rats, 0.01% and 0.1% Benzalkonium chloride induce a time-dependent increase in the thickness of the nasal respiratory epithelium[1].

[1]. Johnson NF. Pulmonary Toxicity of Benzalkonium Chloride. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv. 2017 Jul 6.

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