硫酸镍(II),六水合物

硫酸镍(II),六水合物用途

【用途一】
主要用于电镀工业，作为电镀镍和化学镍的主要原料，也是生产其他镍盐(如氧化镍、硫酸镍铵、碳酸镍等)的主要原料。印染工业用以生产酞菁艳蓝络合剂，可作还原染料的媒染剂。医药工业用于生产维生素C中氧化反应的催化剂。在硬化油生产中，是油脂加氢的催化剂。此外，还用于制镍镉电池和生产硬质合金等。

硫酸镍(II),六水合物名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
10101-97-0

[ 中文名 ]:
六水硫酸镍

[ 英文名 ]:
nickel sulfate hexahydrate

[中文别名 ]:

[英文别名 ]:

nickel(2+),sulfate,hexahydrate
Nickel(II) sulfate hexahydrate
EINECS 231-111-4
MFCD00149813
Nickel Sulfate Hexahydrate

硫酸镍(II),六水合物物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
2,07 g/cm3

[ 沸点 ]:
2732 °C(lit.)

[ 熔点 ]:
1453 °C(lit.)

[ 分子式 ]:
H₁₂NiO₁₀S

[ 分子量 ]:
262.84800

[ 精确质量 ]:
261.95000

[ PSA ]:
144.02000

[ 外观性状 ]:
蓝色至蓝色-绿色晶体

[ 蒸汽压 ]:
3.35E-05mmHg at 25°C

[ 储存条件 ]:
Flammables area

[ 稳定性 ]:
Stable. Efflorescent. Incompatible with strong acids, sulfur, nickel nitrate, wood, other combustibles.

[ 水溶解性 ]:
625 g/L (20 ºC)

硫酸镍(II),六水合物MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

硫酸镍(II),六水合物毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: QR9600000

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 10101-97-0

LAST UPDATED :: 199806

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 68

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: Ni-O4-S.6H2-O

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 262.89

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: NI S-O4 &QH 6

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 264 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 89500 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - cat

DOSE/DURATION :: 500 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - cat

DOSE/DURATION :: 71600 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 500 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 35800 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 62 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 163 gm/kg/2Y-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Cardiac - changes in heart weight Liver - changes in liver weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 11375 mg/kg/13W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in both tubules and glomeruli Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 200 ug/m3/6H/13W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - effect, not otherwise specified Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - changes in lung weight

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 3582 ug/m3/6H/12D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - effect, not otherwise specified Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - changes in lung weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 175 mg/kg/30D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Endocrine - hypoglycemia Blood - other changes Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - amino acids (including renal excretion)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 376 mg/kg/2W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Endocrine - hyperglycemia Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - lipids including transport

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 188 mg/kg/1W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - Plasma proteins not involving coagulation

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 500 ug/m3/6H/13W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes Blood - changes in other cell count (unspecified) Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - dehydrogenases

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 3582 ug/m3/6H/12D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - changes in lung weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 204 gm/kg/2Y-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Liver - changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in bladder weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

DOSE :: 403 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: male 30 day(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Paternal Effects - other effects on male

TYPE OF TEST :: Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Sister chromatid exchange

TEST SYSTEM :: Rodent - hamster Fibroblast

REFERENCE :: MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 104,141,1982 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-TWA 0.1 mg(Ni)/m3 DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 IARC Cancer Review:Human Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 49,257,1990 IARC Cancer Review:Animal Limited Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 49,257,1990 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** EPA FIFRA 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,7740,1989 MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,178,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-ARAB Republic of Egypt:TWA 0.1 mg(Ni)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 (insoluble compounds) JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 0.05 mg(Ni)/m3;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 (insoluble compounds) JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 0.1 mg(Ni)/m3;Skin;Carcinogen (insoluble compounds) JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:STEL 0.005 mg(Ni)/m3;Carcinogen (insoluble compounds) JAN 1993 OEL-JAPAN:TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 0.1 mg(Ni)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 (insoluble compounds) JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 0.05 mg(Ni)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 0.5 mg(Ni)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 0.5 mg(Ni)/m3 (insoluble compounds) JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 0.5 mg(Ni)/m3;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-THAILAND:TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 0.5 mg(Ni)/m3 (insoluble compounds) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO NICKEL, INORGANIC-air:10H CA TWA 0.015 mg(Ni)/m3 REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X4349 No. of Facilities: 32 (estimated) No. of Industries: 2 No. of Occupations: 1 No. of Employees: 777 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 209 (estimated)

硫酸镍(II),六水合物安全信息

[ 符号 ]:

GHS07, GHS08, GHS09

[ 信号词 ]:
Danger

[ 危害声明 ]:
H302 + H332-H315-H317-H334-H341-H350i-H360D-H372-H410

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P201-P261-P273-P280-P284-P304 + P340 + P312

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face particle respirator type N100 (US);Gloves;respirator cartridge type N100 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter;type P3 (EN 143) respirator cartridges

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
Xn:Harmful

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R22;R40;R42/43;R50/53

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S53-S45-S61-S60-S36/37-S22-S36/37/39-S26-S16

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 3178 4.1/PG 2

[ WGK德国 ]:
3

[ RTECS号 ]:
WT1157000

[ 包装等级 ]:
III

[ 危险类别 ]:
6.1

[ 海关编码 ]:
28332400

硫酸镍(II),六水合物制备

1.金属镍法在反应器中加入水，然后加硫酸配成30°Bé，再加入金属镍，并分数次加入硝酸进行反应。反应浓度达到48～50°Bé时进行结晶、过滤，用水洗涤粗结晶并加水溶解成30°Bé，然后加入碳酸钡中和游离酸，再加入过氧化氢使二价铁氧化，并发生水解，净化溶液经澄清后，加少量硫酸调pH3～4，然后浓缩结晶，离心脱水，制得硫酸镍。其

2.回收法炼铜过程中电解废液经净化、结晶、脱水，可得硫酸镍。
由生产钴的含镍废液制取硫酸镍。首先用纯碱溶液从钴盐生产的废硫酸镍溶液中沉淀出碳酸镍，再将碳酸镍溶于硫酸，制得硫酸镍。其

3.将需进行精制的硫酸镍溶于水中，加入过量的浓氨水，使镍全部变为镍氨配位化合物，再加入少量过氧化氢，充分搅拌，过滤除去生成的Fe(OH)3沉淀。向滤液中加入浓的NaClO4溶液，此时Ni2+几乎定量地生成［Ni(NH3)6］(ClO4)2沉淀，将沉淀过滤出来，并用水充分洗涤。将沉淀转移至烧杯中，加入纯净的碳酸钠溶液，加热使NH3挥发出来，生成碳酸镍沉淀。用倾析法分离出母液后，用蒸馏水反复洗涤沉淀，从而制得尽可能纯净的碳酸镍。用稀硫酸溶解碳酸镍即得到纯净的硫酸镍溶液。将此溶液进行蒸发浓缩，然后在低于20℃的温度下结晶，即可生成七水合物NiSO4·7H2O的结晶。若结晶温度高于30℃，则生成六水合物NiSO4·6H2O的结晶。

4.将工业硫酸镍于700℃条件下煅烧，使杂质硝酸镍转化为三氧化二镍，然后冷却至室温，加蒸汽溶解成密度为1.25的水溶液，加入纯硫酸至ph值约为1，通入硫化氢至重金属硫化物沉淀完全为止，经检验合格的溶液过滤，将滤液加热以除去硫化氢气体，加入双氧水，再加入氢氧化钡溶液至溶液呈中性，以除去铁杂质，并检验铁杂质含量符合产品质量标准。过滤除去杂质沉淀物，蒸发浓缩至密度为1.43,冷却结晶（30～40℃）离心甩干，干燥后得成品。

5.由生产钴的含镍废液制取硫酸镍　首先用纯碱溶液从钴盐生产的废硫酸镍溶液中沉淀出碳酸镍，再将碳酸镍溶于硫酸，制得硫酸镍。其反应式如下：

硫酸镍(II),六水合物海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 28332400

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