氰胺

氰胺用途

【用途一】
液体单氰胺用于工业原料、医药、农药中间体、农业肥料、植物调节剂、食物添加剂等
【用途二】
氰胺是重要的农药中间体，可以制备杀菌剂多菌灵、苯菌灵、甲基嘧菌胺、嘧菌胺，杀虫剂抗蚜威、嘧啶氧磷，除草剂绿磺隆、甲磺隆、甲嘧磺隆、醚苯磺隆、苄嘧磺隆、吡嘧磺隆、环嗪酮等。
【用途三】
在医药工业用作生产盐酸阿糖胞苷的原料，在染料工业用于生产中间体3-氨基-5-羟基-1,2,4-三氮唑。此外，还用作有机合成及塑料的原料，生产氰脲酰胺、双氰胺、氰氨基甲酸甲酯等。

氰胺名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
420-04-2

[ 中文名 ]:
单氰胺

[ 英文名 ]:
Cyanamide

[中文别名 ]:

[英文别名 ]:

H2NCN
Dormex
CYANAMID
Cyanamide
EINECS 206-992-3
amino-cyanide
aminocarbonitrile
Carbodiamide
cyano-amine
USAF ek-1995

氰胺物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
1.0±0.1 g/cm3

[ 沸点 ]:
258.5±0.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ 熔点 ]:
45-46 °C(lit.)

[ 分子式 ]:
CH₂N₂

[ 分子量 ]:
42.040

[ 闪点 ]:
1.2±22.6 °C

[ 精确质量 ]:
42.021797

[ PSA ]:
49.81000

[ LogP ]:
-0.82

[ 外观性状 ]:
白色结晶固体

[ 蒸汽压 ]:
0.0±0.5 mmHg at 25°C

[ 折射率 ]:
1.397

[ 储存条件 ]:
2-8°C

[ 稳定性 ]:
Unstable - heat sensitive. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong reducing agents, bases, acids, iron and its salts, steel, brass, lead, moisture. Reacts with acids to produce very toxic gas.

[ 水溶解性 ]:
775 g/L

氰胺MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

氰胺毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: GS5950000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Cyanamide

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 420-04-2

BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. :: 1732569

LAST UPDATED :: 199712

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 33

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C-H2-N2

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 42.05

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: ZCN

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 125 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: 85KYAH "Merck Index; an Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals", 11th ed., Rahway, NJ 07065, Merck & Co., Inc. 1989 Volume(issue)/page/year: 11,418,1989

TYPE OF TEST :: LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 86 mg/m3/4H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: 85GMAT "Toxicometric Parameters of Industrial Toxic Chemicals Under Single Exposure," Izmerov, N.F., et al., Moscow, Centre of International Projects, GKNT, 1982 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,40,1982

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 84 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: 85GMAT "Toxicometric Parameters of Industrial Toxic Chemicals Under Single Exposure," Izmerov, N.F., et al., Moscow, Centre of International Projects, GKNT, 1982 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,40,1982

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 200 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - miosis (pupillary constriction) Behavioral - coma Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands

REFERENCE :: PSEBAA Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1903/04- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,254,1943

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 56 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: 85GMAT "Toxicometric Parameters of Industrial Toxic Chemicals Under Single Exposure," Izmerov, N.F., et al., Moscow, Centre of International Projects, GKNT, 1982 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,40,1982

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 280 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: 34ZIAG "Toxicology of Drugs and Chemicals," Deichmann, W.B., New York, Academic Press, Inc., 1969 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,190,1969

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 388 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: 85GMAT "Toxicometric Parameters of Industrial Toxic Chemicals Under Single Exposure," Izmerov, N.F., et al., Moscow, Centre of International Projects, GKNT, 1982 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,40,1982

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 200 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information. Volume(issue)/page/year: AD277-689

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - cat

DOSE/DURATION :: 100 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: 85GMAT "Toxicometric Parameters of Industrial Toxic Chemicals Under Single Exposure," Izmerov, N.F., et al., Moscow, Centre of International Projects, GKNT, 1982 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,40,1982

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 150 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: 85GMAT "Toxicometric Parameters of Industrial Toxic Chemicals Under Single Exposure," Izmerov, N.F., et al., Moscow, Centre of International Projects, GKNT, 1982 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,40,1982

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 590 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: 34ZIAG "Toxicology of Drugs and Chemicals," Deichmann, W.B., New York, Academic Press, Inc., 1969 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,190,1969 ** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 2450 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: male 70 day(s) pre-mating female 2 week(s) pre-mating - 2 week(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea) Reproductive - Fertility - other measures of fertility

REFERENCE :: PHTOEH Pharmacology and Toxicology (Copenhagen). (Munksgaard International Pub., POB 2148, DK-1016 Copenhagen K, Denmark) V.60- 1987- Volume(issue)/page/year: 61,20,1987

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 1750 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: male 70 day(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, sperm duct Reproductive - Paternal Effects - prostate, seminal vesicle, Cowper's gland, accessory glands Reproductive - Fertility - male fertility index (e.g. # males impregnating females per # males exposed to fertile nonpregnant females)

REFERENCE :: PHTOEH Pharmacology and Toxicology (Copenhagen). (Munksgaard International Pub., POB 2148, DK-1016 Copenhagen K, Denmark) V.60- 1987- Volume(issue)/page/year: 61,20,1987

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 2600 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: male 70 day(s) pre-mating female 2 week(s) pre-mating - 3 week(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - live birth index (measured after birth) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - delayed effects

REFERENCE :: PHTOEH Pharmacology and Toxicology (Copenhagen). (Munksgaard International Pub., POB 2148, DK-1016 Copenhagen K, Denmark) V.60- 1987- Volume(issue)/page/year: 61,20,1987

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 208 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: male 70 day(s) pre-mating female 2 week(s) pre-mating - 3 week(s) after conception

REFERENCE :: PHTOEH Pharmacology and Toxicology (Copenhagen). (Munksgaard International Pub., POB 2148, DK-1016 Copenhagen K, Denmark) V.60- 1987- Volume(issue)/page/year: 61,20,1987 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-TWA 2 mg/m3 DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 10 ppm (11 mg/m3) (skin) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,130,1971 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 2 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 2 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 2 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 2 mg/m3;STEL 4 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 2 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 2 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 0.5 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 2 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 2 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO CYANAMIDE-air:10H TWA 2 mg/m3 REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 20930 No. of Facilities: 76 (estimated) No. of Industries: 2 No. of Occupations: 2 No. of Employees: 962 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 20930 No. of Facilities: 19 (estimated) No. of Industries: 2 No. of Occupations: 2 No. of Employees: 2564 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 272 (estimated)

氰胺安全信息

[ 符号 ]:

GHS05, GHS06, GHS08

[ 信号词 ]:
Danger

[ 危害声明 ]:
H301 + H311-H314-H317-H361fd-H373-H412

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P201-P280-P301 + P310 + P330-P303 + P361 + P353-P304 + P340 + P310-P305 + P351 + P338

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Faceshields;Gloves;type P2 (EN 143) respirator cartridges

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
T:Toxic

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R21;R25;R36/38;R43

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S3-S22-S36/37-S45

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 2811 6.1/PG 3

[ WGK德国 ]:
2

[ RTECS号 ]:
GS5950000

[ 包装等级 ]:
III

[ 危险类别 ]:
8

氰胺合成路线

详细合成路线

氰胺上下游产品

氰胺上游产品

氰胺下游产品

氰胺制备

其制备方法是以石灰氮为原料，与硫酸作用而制得。在反应釜中投入水，以冰盐水冷却，投入石灰氮，保持温度在0～15℃之间，滴加5％硫酸溶液，调节pH＝6，保持20min，过滤、水洗，再返回反应釜中，再加入石灰氮，重复上述操作2次，将得到的过滤液进行薄膜浓缩，保持一定的温度，浓缩后含量达到50％～55％，得到50％氰胺溶液。反应方程式：CaCN₂+H₂O+H₂SO₄→NH₂CN+CaSO₄

氰胺文献

Synthesis of novel phosphorylated guanidine derivatives from cyanamide and their anti-inflammatory activity.

Chem. Pharm. Bull. 61(1) , 25-32, (2013)

A series of novel guanidine derivatives were synthesized in three steps and their anti-inflammatory activities in vitro and in vivo evaluated. 2-Aminopyridin-3-ol (1) was reacted with thiophosphoryl c...

Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 partly mediates hypotensive effect of nitrite on L-NAME-induced hypertension in normoxic rat.

Clin. Exp. Hypertens. 36(6) , 410-8, (2014)

Nitrite has become a topic of interest in the field of medical research because of its potential therapeutic role as an alternative source of nitric oxide (NO). While the bioconversion of nitrite to N...

Quantification of canavanine, 2-aminoethanol, and cyanamide in Aphis craccivora and its host plants, Robinia pseudoacacia and Vicia angustifolia: effects of these compounds on larval survivorship of Harmonia axyridis.

J. Chem. Ecol. 38(12) , 1552-60, (2012)

The cowpea aphid Aphis craccivora that infests the black locust Robinia pseudoacacia shows toxicity to its predator, the multicolored Asian ladybird beetle, Harmonia axyridis. In contrast, the same ap...

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氰胺