氯甲烷

氯甲烷用途

【用途一】
用于生产甲基氯硅烷、四甲基铅、甲基纤维素等，少量用于生产季铵化合物、农药，在异丁橡胶生产中用作溶剂
【用途二】
有机合成的重要原料。主要用来生产有机硅化合物-甲基氯硅烷，以及甲基纤维素。还广泛用作溶剂、提取剂、推进剂、致冷剂、局部麻醉剂、甲基化试剂，用于生产农药、医药、香料等。全世界生产的氯甲烷中，约80%用来生产甲基氯硅烷和四甲基铅，但由于汽油中的抗爆化合物正逐渐由无铅物代替，因此四甲基铅的消费逐渐下降。

氯甲烷名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
74-87-3

[ 中文名 ]:
氯甲烷

[ 英文名 ]:
Chloromethane

[中文别名 ]:

甲基氯

[英文别名 ]:

Methane, chloro-
Artic
Freon 40
EINECS 200-817-4
METHYL CHLORIDE
MFCD00000872
MONOCHLOROMETHANE
Chloride, Methyl
Chloromethane

氯甲烷物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
0.9±0.1 g/cm3

[ 沸点 ]:
-24.5±3.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ 熔点 ]:
-97ºC

[ 分子式 ]:
CH₃Cl

[ 分子量 ]:
50.487

[ 闪点 ]:
-86.4±2.8 °C

[ 精确质量 ]:
49.992329

[ LogP ]:
0.97

[ 外观性状 ]:
无色气体

[ 蒸汽密度 ]:
1.74 (vs air)

[ 蒸汽压 ]:
4074.1±0.0 mmHg at 25°C

[ 折射率 ]:
1.331

[ 储存条件 ]:
库房通风低温干燥,轻装轻卸,与氧气、空气等助燃气体钢瓶分开存放

氯甲烷MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

氯甲烷毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: PA6300000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Methane, chloro-

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 74-87-3

LAST UPDATED :: 199806

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 70

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C-H3-Cl

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 50.49

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: G1

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human

DOSE/DURATION :: 20000 ppm/2H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - effect, not otherwise specified Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1800 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 5300 mg/m3/4H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 2200 ppm/6H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 14661 ppm/6H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Vascular - BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - body temperature increase

TYPE OF TEST :: LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - cat

DOSE/DURATION :: 129 mg/m3/4H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - general anesthetic Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression

TYPE OF TEST :: LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 20000 ppm/2H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 3000 ppm/6H/5D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain Related to Chronic Data - changes in testicular weight

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 41 mg/m3/4H/26W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Liver - liver function tests impaired Blood - changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 150 ppm/22H/11D-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Endocrine - changes in thymus weight Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 500 ppm/24H/3D-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes Behavioral - tremor Behavioral - ataxia

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

DOSE :: 2000 ppm/6H

SEX/DURATION :: male 5 day(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

DOSE :: 1500 ppm/6H

SEX/DURATION :: male 50 day(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, sperm duct

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

DOSE :: 1500 ppm/6H

SEX/DURATION :: female 7-19 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

DOSE :: 3000 ppm/6H

SEX/DURATION :: male 5 day(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, sperm duct Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

DOSE :: 3000 ppm/6H

SEX/DURATION :: male 5 day(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - male fertility index (e.g. # males impregnating females per # males exposed to fertile nonpregnant females)

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

DOSE :: 500 ppm/6H

SEX/DURATION :: female 6-17 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - cardiovascular (circulatory) system

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

DOSE :: 750 ppm/6H

SEX/DURATION :: female 6-17 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death

TYPE OF TEST :: Dominant lethal test

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Morphological transformation

TEST SYSTEM :: Rodent - hamster Embryo

REFERENCE :: EVSRBT Environmental Science Research. (Plenum Pub. Corp., 233 Spring St., New York, NY 10013) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 25,75,1982 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-STEL 207 mg/m3 (100 ppm) (skin) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 103 mg/m3 (50 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 IARC Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,161,1986 IARC Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,161,1986 IARC Cancer Review:Group 3 IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,246,1987 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD:air-CL 100 ppm (210 mg/m3) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,160,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 100 ppm;CL 200;Pk 300/5M/3H CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 100 ppm (210 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 100 ppm (210 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):CL 100 ppm (210 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-ARAB Republic of Egypt:TWA 50 ppm (105 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 50 ppm (105 mg/m3);STEL 100 ppm (205 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRIA:TWA 50 ppm (105 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 50 ppm (103 mg/m3);STEL 100 ppm (207 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 50 ppm (105 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 50 ppm (105 mg/m3);STEL 75 ppm (160 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 50 ppm (105 mg/m3);STEL 100 ppm (210 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 50 ppm (105 mg/m3);Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 20 mg/m3;STEL 40 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-JAPAN:TWA 50 ppm (100 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 50 ppm (105 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 100 ppm (210 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-POLAND:TWA 20 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:TWA 50 ppm;STEL 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 50 ppm (100 mg/m3);STEL 100 ppm (200 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 50 ppm (105 mg/m3);STEL 100 ppm (210 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THAILAND:TWA 100 mg/m3;STEL 200 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 100 ppm (210 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 50 ppm (105 mg/m3);STEL 100 ppm JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO METHYL CHLORIDE-air:CA lowest feasible concentration REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - M0421 No. of Facilities: 1937 (estimated) No. of Industries: 32 No. of Occupations: 29 No. of Employees: 8804 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - M0421 No. of Facilities: 596 (estimated) No. of Industries: 18 No. of Occupations: 38 No. of Employees: 10003 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 571 (estimated)

氯甲烷安全信息

[ 符号 ]:

GHS02, GHS07, GHS08

[ 信号词 ]:
Danger

[ 危害声明 ]:
H225-H315-H351-H361fd

[ 补充危害声明 ]:
May form explosive peroxides., Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking.

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P210-P281

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face respirator (US);Gloves;multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US);type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
F+;Xn

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R12

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
9-16-33

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 1993 3

[ WGK德国 ]:
2

[ RTECS号 ]:
PA6300000

[ 危险类别 ]:
2.1

[ 海关编码 ]:
2903110000

氯甲烷上下游产品

氯甲烷上游产品

氯甲烷下游产品

氯甲烷制备

1.甲醇氯化法　该法以氯甲烷为唯一产物。一定比例的盐酸与甲醇以三氯化或氯化锌为催化剂进行反应，生成的粗品经干燥、压缩、冷凝，得液体成品。

2.甲烷氯化法　将甲烷在高温下通氯气进行氯化，氯化产物经水吸收除去氯化氢，再经压缩和冷凝分离出未反应的甲烷后，分馏即得成品氯甲烷和多氯化物。

氯甲烷海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 2903110000

[ 中文概述 ]:
2903110000 一氯甲烷及氯乙烷。监管条件:无。增值税率:17.0%。退税率:9.0%。最低关税:5.5%。普通关税:30.0%

[ 申报要素 ]: 品名, 成分含量, 用途, 原产地证据文件及编号(例附原产地证书, 原产于英国、美国、荷兰、德国、韩国的

[ Summary ]:
2903110000 chloroethane。Supervision conditions:None。VAT:17.0%。Tax rebate rate:9.0%。Lowest tariff:5.5%。General tariff:30.0%

氯甲烷文献

Nox2-dependent glutathionylation of endothelial NOS leads to uncoupled superoxide production and endothelial barrier dysfunction in acute lung injury.

Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 307(12) , L987-97, (2014)

Microvascular barrier integrity is dependent on bioavailable nitric oxide (NO) produced locally by endothelial NO synthase (eNOS). Under conditions of limited substrate or cofactor availability or by ...

Effects of nitric oxide synthase deficiency on a disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 12 expression in mouse brain samples.

Mol. Med. Report. 12 , 2253-62, (2015)

A disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 12 (ADAM12) belongs to the ADAM family of transmembrane proteins. Via proteolysis, cell adhesion, cell-cell fusion, cell-matrix interactio...

Theoretical and experimental studies of the dechlorination mechanism of carbon tetrachloride on a vivianite ferrous phosphate surface.

J. Phys. Chem. A 119 , 5714-22, (2015)

Chlorinated organics are the principal and most frequently found contaminants in soil and groundwater, generating significant environmental problems. Over the past several decades, Fe-containing miner...

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氯甲烷