氯化铝

氯化铝用途

【用途一】
用作有机合成的催化剂、洗涤剂，并用于医药、农药、染料、香料、塑料、润滑油等行业
【用途二】
用作分析试剂、防腐剂、媒染剂
【用途三】
膨松剂；清酒等变色防止剂，用量≤0.1g/L(以无水物计)或≤0.18g/L(以六水物计)；果胶絮凝剂。
【用途四】
用作有机合成的催化剂，如石油裂解、合成染料、合成橡胶、合成洗涤剂、医药、香料等。用于制造农药、有机铝化合物、酞菁系有机颜料用催化剂、乙基苯制造用催化剂。也用于金属冶炼、润滑油合成。食品级产品用作膨松剂、清酒等防变色剂及果胶的絮凝剂。
【用途五】
主要用于有机合成的消化剂、合成染料、医药等。
【用途六】
有机合成催化剂，强脱水剂，酸催化剂，制造人造橡胶、塑料、润滑剂等的催化剂，冶金，石油裂化。

氯化铝名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
7446-70-0

[ 中文名 ]:
无水三氯化铝

[ 英文名 ]:
Aluminium chloride

[中文别名 ]:

[英文别名 ]:

EINECS 231-208-1
Aluminium chloride
Aluminum chloride anhydrous
MFCD00003422
Aluminum chloride

氯化铝物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
2.44

[ 沸点 ]:
180°C

[ 熔点 ]:
194 °C

[ 分子式 ]:
AlCl₃

[ 分子量 ]:
133.340

[ 闪点 ]:
88 °C

[ 精确质量 ]:
131.888092

[ LogP ]:
2.06850

[ 外观性状 ]:
powder

[ 蒸汽压 ]:
1 mm Hg ( 100 °C)

[ 储存条件 ]:
2-8°C

[ 稳定性 ]:
Stable, but reacts violently with water. Prolonged storage may lead to pressure build-up - vent container periodically. Incompatible with alcohols and a variety of other materials (see complete MSDS sheet for full list).

[ 水溶解性 ]:
H2O: soluble | reacts | 不同温度(℃)时每100毫升水中的溶解克数: 43.9g/0℃;44.9g/10℃;45.8g/20℃;46.6g/30℃;47.3g/40℃ 48.1g/60℃;48.6g/80℃;49g/100℃

氯化铝MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

氯化铝毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: BD0525000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Aluminum chloride

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 7446-70-0

LAST UPDATED :: 199712

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 38

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: Al-Cl3

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 133.33

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: AL G3

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 3450 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes Gastrointestinal - other changes Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - hematuria

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 315 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 1130 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 390 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: >2 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 9380 mg/kg/52D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - changes in phosphorus

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 2307 mg/kg/26W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - phosphatases

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 100 gm/kg/48W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Behavioral - alteration of operant conditioning

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 99 mg/kg/5D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Musculoskeletal - osteomalacia

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 15 mg/kg/3D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Blood - changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count Blood - changes in leukocyte (WBC) count Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - true cholinesterase

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 8421 mg/kg/40D-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - food intake (animal) Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - changes in metals, not otherwise specified

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 11512 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 8-22 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - weaning or lactation index (e.g., # alive at weaning per # alive at day 4) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 5723 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 1-21 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - other neonatal measures or effects Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 900 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 15 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - delayed effects

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

DOSE :: 375 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 9-13 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

DOSE :: 500 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 14-18 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 425 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: multigenerations

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain)

MUTATION DATA

TEST SYSTEM :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 444 mg/kg

REFERENCE :: NULSAK Nucleus (Calcutta). (Dr. A.K. Sharma, Centre of Advanced Studies in Cell and Chromosome Research, Calcutta, 35 Baliygunge Circular Rd., Calcutta 700 019, India) V.1- 1958- Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,180,1972 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-TWA 2 mg(Al)/m3 DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** EPA FIFRA 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,7740,1989 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 2 mg(Al)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 2 mg(Al)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 2 mg(Al)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 2 mg(Al)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 2 mg(Al)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:TWA 2 mg(Al)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 2 mg(Al)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 2 mg(Al)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 2 mg(Al)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 04605 No. of Facilities: 3476 (estimated) No. of Industries: 29 No. of Occupations: 34 No. of Employees: 17152 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 04605 No. of Facilities: 2230 (estimated) No. of Industries: 32 No. of Occupations: 68 No. of Employees: 49913 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 17460 (estimated)

氯化铝安全信息

[ 符号 ]:

GHS05, GHS08

[ 信号词 ]:
Danger

[ 危害声明 ]:
H314-H372-H373

[ 补充危害声明 ]:
Reacts violently with water.

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P280-P305 + P351 + P338-P310

[ 靶器官 ]:
Central nervous system, Lungs

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face particle respirator type N100 (US);Gloves;respirator cartridge type N100 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter;type P3 (EN 143) respirator cartridges

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
C

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R34

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S28;S45

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 1726 8/PG 2

[ WGK德国 ]:
1

[ RTECS号 ]:
BD0525000

[ 包装等级 ]:
II

[ 危险类别 ]:
8.0

[ 海关编码 ]:
2827320000

氯化铝合成路线

详细合成路线

氯化铝上下游产品

氯化铝上游产品

氯化铝下游产品

氯化铝制备

1.金属铝法将铝锭放入密闭的氯化反应炉内，加热并通氯气进行氯化反应，生成的氯化铝升华进入捕集器，经捕集，即制得氯化铝成品。反应方程式如下：

2.铝氧粉法将一定粒度的工业氧化铝与石油焦按一定比例投入焙烧炉内混合均匀，由炉底通入空气进行焙烧。焙烧后的物料进入氯化炉，炉中通入氯气和氧气，铝氧粉在还原剂炭的存在下与氯反应。生成的气相产物经预冷、净化去捕集器，制得氯化铝成品。尾气经氢氧化钠或亚硫酸钠溶液吸收处理后排空。反应方程式如下：

3.熔融法将金属铝加热熔融后通入无水氯化氢，而制得。反应方程式如下：

图XIII 16 氯化铝反应装置 1-氯化氢；2-铝粉；3-去通风橱；4-石棉；5-电炉

4.将直径为25～40mm的难熔燃烧管的一端延伸拉细。粗的一端通过软木塞插入广口瓶中(参阅图16)。软木塞开有另一孔，利用细玻璃管，使反应后产生的气体通过此细玻璃管排入通风橱中。在燃烧管中装有10～40g的铝粉。将燃烧管放进电炉中，用迅速流动的干燥氯化氢气将空气完全置换后，慢慢加热燃烧管直至产生白烟。此时，应注意勿使反应热将铝粉熔融成球状，达到某一温度时，大量的氯化铝升华至广口瓶中，直到铝反应完毕。在燃烧管全长中，非加热部分越短越好。否则，氯化铝就可能在这一部分凝固而使燃烧管堵塞。再者，为使装在广口瓶上的软木塞不被烧焦，有必要紧靠前面置以石棉。

5.将市售的氯化铝与质量约为其10%的铝屑充分混合。混合物放进升华管中，在升华过程中导入适量的干燥氯化氢气体。将粗而短的管与收集器烧瓶连接起来。连接干燥管的全系统应在防止湿气下保护起来。进一步精制时，可在氮气流中进行升华。

氯化铝海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 2827320000

氯化铝文献

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氯化铝