次氯酸钠

次氯酸钠用途

【用途一】
用于医药工业，还用作漂白剂
【用途二】
主要用于纸浆、纺织品和化学纤维作漂白剂，水处理中用作净水剂、杀菌剂、消毒剂，染料工业用于制造靛蓝等
【用途三】
用作氧化剂，主要用于纸浆及织物的漂白，水处理，用于染料中间体及靛蓝的制造等
【用途四】
用于医药、造纸工业
【用途五】
抗微生物剂；杀菌剂；漂白剂；脱臭剂。
用于饮料水、果蔬的消毒。食品制造的设备、器具的杀菌消毒。
杀菌消毒要求的有效氯浓度及时间：水的消毒，0.3～1.0mg/kg，3～5min；果蔬消毒50～100mg/kg，5～10min；食器的消毒，100mg/kg，2～5min。淀粉的漂白杀菌使用0.16%以下浓度。啤酒制造厂的墙、地、设备等用75mg/kg的溶液喷雾消毒。
【用途六】
主要用于纸浆、纺织品(如布匹、毛巾、汗衫等)、化学纤维和淀粉的漂白。制皂工业用作油脂的漂白剂。化学工业用于生产水合肼、单氯胺、双氯胺。也用于制造钴、镍的氯化剂。水处理中用作净水剂、杀菌剂、消毒剂。染料工业用于制造硫化宝蓝。有机工业用于制造氯化苦，电石水合制乙炔的清净剂。农业和畜牧业用作蔬菜、水果、饲养场和畜舍等的消毒剂和去臭剂。食品级产品用于饮料水、水果和蔬菜的消毒，食品制造设备、器具的杀菌消毒。
【用途七】
次氯酸钠水溶液主要用于造纸、纺织工业的漂白，以及水处理和杀菌消毒，还用于水合肼等合成。

次氯酸钠名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
7681-52-9

[ 中文名 ]:
次氯酸钠

[ 英文名 ]:
Sodium hypochlorite

[中文别名 ]:

[英文别名 ]:

clorox
sodium chlorine monoxide
parozone
Sodium hypochlorite
chloros
MFCD00011120
EINECS 231-668-3
chlorine bleach
javex
purinb

次氯酸钠物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
1.25 g/mL at 20 °C

[ 沸点 ]:
111 °C

[ 熔点 ]:
-16 °C

[ 分子式 ]:
ClNaO

[ 分子量 ]:
74.442

[ 精确质量 ]:
73.953537

[ PSA ]:
23.06000

[ LogP ]:
0.57070

[ 外观性状 ]:
无色液体带有强烈的气味

[ 储存条件 ]:
库房通风低温干燥,与易燃物分开存放

[ 稳定性 ]:
Stable. Contact with acids releases poisonous gas ( chlorine ). Light sensitive. Incompatible with strong acids, amines, ammonia, ammonium salts, reducing agents, metals, aziridine, methanol, formic acid, phenylacetonitrile.

[ 水溶解性 ]:
decomposes.

次氯酸钠MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

次氯酸钠毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: NH3486300

CHEMICAL NAME :: Hypochlorous acid, sodium salt

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 7681-52-9

LAST UPDATED :: 199710

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 27

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: Cl-O.Na

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 74.44

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration into the eye

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :: 1 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Vascular - BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section Skin and Appendages - corrosive (after topical exposure)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :: 45 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 5800 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Gastrointestinal - other changes

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 140 mg/kg/9W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Endocrine - changes in spleen weight Immunological Including Allergic - decrease in cellular immune response Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - lipids including transport

TYPE OF TEST :: Micronucleus test

TYPE OF TEST :: Cytogenetic analysis

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Cytogenetic analysis

TEST SYSTEM :: Rodent - hamster Lung

DOSE/DURATION :: 100 mg/L

REFERENCE :: ATSUDG Archives of Toxicology, Supplement. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) No.1- 1978- Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,41,1980 *** REVIEWS *** IARC Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 52,159,1991 IARC Cancer Review:Human No Available Data IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 52,159,1991 IARC Cancer Review:Group 3 IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 52,159,1991 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** EPA FIFRA 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,7740,1989 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 69090 No. of Facilities: 70228 (estimated) No. of Industries: 202 No. of Occupations: 111 No. of Employees: 556864 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 69090 No. of Facilities: 23747 (estimated) No. of Industries: 168 No. of Occupations: 132 No. of Employees: 562423 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 265913 (estimated)

次氯酸钠安全信息

[ 符号 ]:

GHS05, GHS09

[ 信号词 ]:
Danger

[ 危害声明 ]:
H315-H318-H400

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P273-P280-P305 + P351 + P338

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
C:Corrosive

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
31-34-36/38-36/37/38

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S26-S36/37/39-S45-S50A-S28A

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 1791 8/PG 3

[ WGK德国 ]:
2

[ RTECS号 ]:
NH3486300

[ 包装等级 ]:
III

[ 危险类别 ]:
8

[ 海关编码 ]:
2828900000

次氯酸钠合成路线

详细合成路线

次氯酸钠上下游产品

次氯酸钠上游产品

次氯酸钠下游产品

次氯酸钠制备

1.液碱氯化法：将一定量的液碱加入适量的水，配成30%以下氢氧化钠溶液，在35℃以下通入氯气进行反应，待反应溶液中次氯酸钠含量达到一定浓度时，制得次氯酸钠成品。其

2.向冷氢氧化钠溶液中通入氯气。在反应器中将500g NaOH溶于500mL水，将此溶液与2kg碎冰混合。用致冷剂尽量冷却混合物（温度应低于-10℃），在冷却下减压通入氯气直至溶液增重800g为止。所得NaClO溶液中等浓度，可在阴暗冷处长期保存。

3.用漂白粉和碳酸钠反应制备。把100g含35%～36％有效氯的漂白粉与170mL水混合均匀搅拌15min。在搅拌下向此溶液中加入70g Na2CO3溶于170mL水的溶液。反应物最初变稠，然后变稀，过滤除去CaCO3沉淀得320mLNaClO溶液。有效氯71～100g/L。

4.将氯气通入氢氧化钠溶液中即可制得次氯酸钠的饱和溶液，含量为5.25%。

次氯酸钠海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 2828900000

次氯酸钠文献

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