对硝基甲苯

对硝基甲苯用途

【用途一】
用于制造对甲苯胺、甲苯二异氰酸酯等，也用作农药、染料、医药、塑料和合成纤维助剂的中间体
【用途二】
对硝基甲苯是除草剂绿麦隆等的中间体，也是重要的化工原料，可以制造对甲苯胺、对硝基苯甲酸、对硝基甲苯磺酸、2-氯-4-硝基甲苯、2-硝基-4-甲基苯胺、二硝基甲苯等，还是医药和染料的中间体。
【用途三】
主要用于制造对甲苯胺、甲苯二异氰酸酯、联甲苯胺、对硝基苯甲酸、对硝基甲苯-2-磺酸、2-硝基对甲苯胺、3-氯-4-硝基甲苯、二硝基甲苯等，也用作染料中间体及农药、医药、塑料和合成纤维助剂的中间体。
【用途四】
主要用于生产DSD酸、增白剂，还用作染料，农药，医药，合成纤维的中间体。
【用途五】
主要用于生产DSD酸、增白剂，还用作染料，农药，医药，合成纤维的中间体。用于ICP-AES、AAS、AFS、ICP-MS、离子色谱等。滴定分析用标准溶液。校准仪器和装置；评价方法；工作标准；质量保证/质量控制；其他。

对硝基甲苯名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
99-99-0

[ 中文名 ]:
对硝基甲苯

[ 英文名 ]:
4-Nitrotoluene

[中文别名 ]:

[英文别名 ]:

4-nitrophenylmethane
4-nitrotoluol
Toluene, p-nitro-
4-hydroxynitrosobenzene
para-nitrotoluene
4-Nitrotoluene
1-Methyl-4-nitrobenzene
Nitrotoluene
p-nitrotoluol
4-Methylnitrobenzene

对硝基甲苯物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
1.2±0.1 g/cm3

[ 沸点 ]:
238.0±0.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ 熔点 ]:
52-54 °C(lit.)

[ 分子式 ]:
C₇H₇NO₂

[ 分子量 ]:
137.136

[ 闪点 ]:
106.1±0.0 °C

[ 精确质量 ]:
137.047684

[ PSA ]:
45.82000

[ LogP ]:
2.41

[ 外观性状 ]:
淡黄色晶体

[ 蒸汽密度 ]:
4.7 (vs air)

[ 蒸汽压 ]:
0.1±0.4 mmHg at 25°C

[ 折射率 ]:
1.553

[ 储存条件 ]:
库房通风低温干燥,与氧化剂、酸类分开存放

[ 稳定性 ]:
Stability May be shock sensitive. Incompatible with sulfuric acid, strong bases, reducing agents, strong oxidizing agents.

[ 水溶解性 ]:
0.35 g/L (20 ºC)

对硝基甲苯MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

对硝基甲苯毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: XT3325000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Toluene, p-nitro-

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 99-99-0

LAST UPDATED :: 199712

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 37

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C7-H7-N-O2

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 137.15

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: WNR D1

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1960 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 975 mg/m3

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Brain and Coverings - recordings from specific areas of CNS Liver - fatty liver degeneration Blood - methemoglobinemia-carboxyhemoglobin

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: >16 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes Liver - fatty liver degeneration Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 940 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - ataxia Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cyanosis Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory stimulation

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 1231 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 419 mg/m3

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Brain and Coverings - recordings from specific areas of CNS Liver - fatty liver degeneration Blood - methemoglobinemia-carboxyhemoglobin

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 1750 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Brain and Coverings - recordings from specific areas of CNS Liver - fatty liver degeneration Blood - methemoglobinemia-carboxyhemoglobin

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 65793 mg/kg/13W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in bladder weight Blood - changes in other cell count (unspecified) Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - transaminases

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 73983 mg/kg/13W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Liver - changes in liver weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 8400 mg/kg/14D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Liver - changes in liver weight Endocrine - changes in spleen weight Immunological Including Allergic - decrease in humoral immune response

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 65793 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: male 13 week(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, sperm duct

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

DOSE :: 30 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 1 day(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Maternal Effects - uterus, cervix, vagina

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Sister chromatid exchange

TEST SYSTEM :: Rodent - hamster Ovary

REFERENCE :: EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.10- 1987- Volume(issue)/page/year: 10(Suppl 10),1,1987 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-TWA 11 mg/m3 (2 ppm) (skin) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 IARC Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 65,409,1996 IARC Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 65,409,1996 IARC Cancer Review:Group 3 IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 65,409,1996 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 5 ppm (30 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 5 ppm (30 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 5 ppm (30 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 5 ppm (30 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 2 ppm (11 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 2 ppm (11 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 2 ppm (12 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO p-NITROTOLUENE-air:10H TWA 2 ppm (Sk) REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X6955 No. of Facilities: 21 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 5 No. of Employees: 4354 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 729 (estimated)

对硝基甲苯安全信息

[ 符号 ]:

GHS06, GHS08, GHS09

[ 信号词 ]:
Danger

[ 危害声明 ]:
H301 + H311 + H331-H373-H411

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P261-P273-P280-P301 + P310-P311

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Faceshields;Gloves;type P2 (EN 143) respirator cartridges

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
T:Toxic;N:Dangerousfortheenvironment;

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R23/24/25;R33;R51/53

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S28-S37-S45-S61-S28A-S27-S16

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 3446 6.1/PG 2

[ WGK德国 ]:
2

[ RTECS号 ]:
XT3325000

[ 包装等级 ]:
II

[ 危险类别 ]:
6.1

[ 海关编码 ]:
29042000

对硝基甲苯合成路线

详细合成路线

对硝基甲苯上下游产品

对硝基甲苯上游产品

对硝基甲苯下游产品

对硝基甲苯制备

1.将甲苯加入硝化反应釜，冷却至25℃以下，加入配好的混酸(硝酸25%～30%，硫酸55%～58%及水20%～21%)，温度上升，调节温度不超过50℃以上，继续搅拌1～2 h反应结束，静置6 h，将生成的硝基苯分离、水洗、碱洗，粗制硝基甲苯中含有邻硝基甲苯、对硝基甲苯和间硝基甲苯。将粗制硝基甲苯经真空蒸馏，分离大部分的邻硝基甲苯，残余的含有较多的对硝基甲苯馏分再经减压蒸馏分出，经冷却、结晶分离而得对硝基甲苯，而间位硝基苯在分离对位体时的母液中经积累后再精馏而取得。

对硝基甲苯海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 2904202000

[ 中文概述 ]:
2904202000 硝基甲苯。监管条件:无。增值税率:17.0%。退税率:9.0%。最低关税:5.5%。普通关税:30.0%

[ 申报要素 ]: 品名, 成分含量, 用途

[ Summary ]:
2904202000 1-methyl-4-nitrobenzene。Supervision conditions:None。VAT:17.0%。Tax rebate rate:9.0%

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