YM-90709 is a novel antagonist which inhibits the binding of interleukin-5 to interleukin-5 receptor.Target: IL-5in vitro: YM-90709 potently inhibits the binding of 100 pM [125I]-IL-5 to IL-5R on human peripheral eosinophils and eosinophilic HL-60 clone 15 cells with IC50 values of 1.0±0.40 and 0.57±0.21 μM, respectively. YM-90709 inhibits the 4 pM IL-5-induced effect in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC50 value of 0.45±0.024 μM. YM-90709 also inhibits the higher concentrations (12 and 40 pM) of IL-5-induced effects with IC50 values of 0.89±029 and 1.0±0.22 μM, respectively. [1] YM-90709 is a novel interleukin-5 receptor antagonist, YM-90709 inhibits antigen-induced eosinophil recruitment into the airway, the same as anti-IL-5 mAb does. YM-90709 inhibits the binding of IL-5 to IL-5R on human eosinophils, but did not inhibit the binding of GM-CSF to GM-CSFR. In addition, YM-90709 inhibits IL-5-induced, but not GM-CSF-induced, eosinophil survival as well as the tyrosine phosphorylation of Janus kinase 2. [2]in vivo: YM-90709 suppresses antigen-induced airway inflammation in Brown Norway rats . YM-90709 is a novel IL-5R antagonist with those of anit-IL-5 mAb on the antigen-induced infiltration of eosinophils into the airways of BDF1 mice, a strain that is commonly used in the antibody estimation. [2] This is the first report on the examination of the effects of YM-90709 in vivo, as a novel IL-5R antagonist on the antigen-induced infiltration of eosinophils and other leukocytes into the BALF of Brown-Norway (BN) rats. [3]
Clazakizumab is a monoclonal antibody with high affinity and specificity for the IL-6 (interleukin-6) cytokine. Clazakizumab may be helpful in inhibiting the cytokine response to SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19. Clazakizumab can be used for the research of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and renal antibody-mediated rejection[1][2].
Nemvaleukin alfa (ALKS 4230) is a IL-2 fusion protein that selectively binds to intermediate-affinity IL-2R. Nemvaleukin alfa is an activator of NK and effector T cells. Nemvaleukin alfa can be used for research of cancer[1][2][3].
GDC-2394 is an orally active and selective NLRP3 inhibitor, and also inhibits IL-1β with IC50s of 0.4 μM (human IL-1β) and 0.1 μM (mouse IL-1β). GDC-2394 inhibits NLRP3-induced caspase-1 activity without inhibiting NLRC4-dependent inflammasome activation[1][2].
RO2959 monohydrochloride is a potent and selective CRAC channel inhibitor with an IC50 of 402 nM. RO2959 monohydrochloride is a potent blocker of store operated calcium entry (SOCE) mediated by Orai1/Stim1 channels with an IC50 of 25 nM. RO2959 monohydrochloride is also a potent inhibitor of human IL-2 production, and potently blocks T cell receptor triggered gene expression and T cell functional pathways[1][2].
Levilimab (BCD-089) is a fully human anti-interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) monoclonal antibody. Levilimab is an inflammation-alleviating antibody. Levilimab can be used for the research of rheumatoid[1].
Broussonin E is a phenolic compound and shows anti-inflammatory activity. Broussonin E can suppress inflammation by modulating macrophages activation statevia inhibiting the ERK and p38 MAPK and enhancing JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway. Broussonin E can be used for the research of inflammation-related diseases such as atherosclerosis[1].
Risankizumab (BI 655066) is a humanised IgG monoclonal antibody, targeting IL-23 p19 subunit (Kd <10 pM) and inhibiting IL-17 production induced by human IL-23 in mouse splenocytes (IC50 = 2 pM). Risankizumab can be used to research immunological and inflammatory disorders such as psoriasis vulgaris, psoriatic arthritis, generalized pustular psoriasis and erythrodermic psoriasis[1][2][3].
Bempegaldesleukin (NKTR-214), a PEGylated interleukin-2 (IL-2), is an immunostimulatory IL-2 prodrug acting as a CD122-preferential IL-2 pathway agonist. Bempegaldesleukin can stimulate an antitumor immune response[1].
Brodalumab (AMG 827) is a human anti-interleukin-17-receptor IgG2 monoclonal antibody that can be used for the research of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis[1][2].
Vunakizumab (Anti-Human IL17A Recombinant Antibody) is a recombinant human IgGκ monoclonal antibody that targets IL-17A and inhibits its interaction with the IL-17 receptor. Vunakizumab can be used to study autoimmune diseases such as psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, multiple sclerosis and inflammatory arthritis[1].
AF12198 is a potent, selective and specific peptide antagonist for human type I interleukin-1 receptor (IL1-R1) (IC50=8 nM) but not the human type II receptor (IC50=6.7 µM) or the murine type I receptor (IC50>200 µM). AF12198 inhibits IL-1-induced IL-8 production (IC50=25 nM) and IL-1-induced intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression (IC50=9 nM) in vitro. AF12198 has anti-inflammatory activities and blocks responses to IL-1 in vivo[1].
Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) sodium glycinate is a potent phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor, adenosine receptor antagonist, and histone deacetylase (HDAC) activator. Theophylline sodium glycinate inhibits PDE3 activity to relax airway smooth muscle. Theophylline sodium glycinate has anti-inflammatory activity by increase IL-10 and inhibit NF-κB into the nucleus. Theophylline sodium glycinate induces apoptosis. Theophylline sodium glycinate can be used for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) research[1][2][3][4][5].
Dexanabinol (HU-211) is an artificially synthesized cannabinoid derivative and lacks cannabimimetic effects. Dexanabinol exhibits not only the antioxidant and neuroprotective activities in brain but also anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting NF-κB and decreasing cytokines such as TNFα and interleukin-6, which could ensure the integrity of BBB and reduce cell apoptosis and death. Dexanabinol is widely used in head injury or stroke treatment and has been shown to be safe in animals and humans[1].
Fletikumab (NNC0109-0012) is a monoclonal antibody targeting to IL-20. Fletikumab can be used for inflammation research, such as rheumatoid arthritis[1].
Negletein is a neuroprotectant enhances the action of nerve growth factor and induces neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells. Negletein shows promising anti-inflammatory activity via inhibition of TNF-α and IL-1β with IC50 values of 16.4 and 10.8 μM, respectively[1].
Lyn peptide inhibitor is a potent and cell-permeable inhibitor of Lyn-coupled IL-5 receptor signaling pathway, while keeping other signals intact. Lyn peptide inhibitor blocks Lyn activation and inhibits the binding of Lyn tyrosine kinase to βc subunit of IL-3/GM-CSF/IL-5 receptors. Lyn peptide inhibitor can be used for study of asthma, allergic, and other eosinophilic disorders[1].
Etokimab (Antibody ANB 020) is a humanized monoclonal antibody that targets IL-33. Etokimab can be used for the research of atopic dermatitis[1].
1,11b-Dihydro-11b-hydroxymedicarpin (11b-Hydroxy-11b,1-dihydromedicarpin) is a pterocarpan from Ononis viscosa subsp. breviflora is a Medicarpin derivative[1]. Medicarpin, a natural pterocarpan, heals cortical bone defect by activation of Notch and Wnt canonical signaling pathways[2]. Medicarpin prevents arthritis in post-menopausal conditions by arresting the expansion of TH17 cells and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Medicarpin down-regulates pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-17A, while up-regulates anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in arthritis (CIA) model of mice[3].
2'-Fucosyllactose (2'-FL) is an oligosaccharide that could be derived from human milk. 2'-Fucosyllactose regulates the expression of CD14, alleviates colitis and regulates the gut microbiome. 2'-Fucosyllactose stimulates T cells to increase IFN-γ production and decreases IL-6, IL-17, and TNF-α production of cytokines[1][2].
Diacerein-d6 is the deuterium labeled Diacerein[1]. Diacerein (Diacerhein), a interleukin-1 beta inhibitor, is a slow-acting medicine of the class anthraquinone used to treat joint diseases[2].
Cetrelimab (JNJ 63723283; JNJ 3283) is a humanized IgG4κ mAb targeting PD-1. Cetrelimab binds PD-1 (Kd=1.72 nM, HEK293) to block the interaction of PD-1 with PD-L1 and PD-L2 (IC50s=111.7 ng/mL and 138.6 ng/mL, respectively). Cetrelimab stimulates peripheral T cells, increases IFN-γ, IL-2, TNF-α level and inhibits tumor growth in vivo[1].
5(S)15(S)-DiHETE is an “activated” intermediate, inhibits platelet aggregation with an IC50 of 1.3 μM. 5(S)15(S)-DiHETE enhances the rate of either LXA4 or LXB4 biosynthesis[1].
Sonelokimab (ALX 0761; M 1095) is a trivalent nanobody comprised of monovalent camelid-derived nanobodies specific to human interleukin (IL)-17A, IL-17F, and human serum albumin VHHs. Sonelokimab has the potential for plaque-type psoriasis research[1][2].
IL-17A modulator-3 (compound 253) is a IL-17A modulator. IL-17A modulator-3 inhibits IL-17A/A with an IC50 value ＜10 μM. IL-17A modulator-3 can be used for the research of inflammation, cancer and autoimmune disease[1].
Lutikizumab (ABT-981) is an anti-IL-1α and IL-1β dual variable domain immunoglobulin. Lutikizumab binds and inhibits IL-1α and IL-1β. Lutikizumab can be used for the research of osteoarthritis[1].
7,3',4'-Tri-O-methylluteolin (5-Hydroxy-3',4',7-trimethoxyflavone) is a flavonoid from the herb Lippia nodiflora L. (Verbenaceae) which has been documented to exhibit anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, antitussive, antidiabetic, anticancer, and antimelanogenesis properties. 7,3',4'-Tri-O-methylluteolin obviously reduces the prodn of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in a concentration-dependent manner. 7,3',4'-Tri-O-methylluteolin significantly induces reduction in the mRNA expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2, representing that inhibition occurs at the transcriptional level[1].
Anti-inflammatory agent 42 (Compound 10j) is an anti-inflammatory agent. Anti-inflammatory agent 42 shows excellent inhibition on the expression of TNF-α and IL-6 in LPS (HY-D1056)-stimulated macrophages[1].
Rademikibart (CBP-201) is a human monoclonal antibody targeting IL-4Rα with a KD of 20.7 pM when binding to human IL-4Rα epitopes. Rademikibart does not bind to IL-4Rα from other species. Rademikibart inhibits IL-4 and IL-13-mediated STAT6 signaling, TF-1 cell proliferation and TARC production in PBMCs. Rademikibart has the potential for moderate-to-severe Th2 inflammatory diseases research[1].
Daclizumab (Zenapax) is a humanized, monoclonal antibody that blocks CD25 (α-subunit of the high-affinity interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R-HA)). Daclizumab (Zenapax) reversibly binds to CD25and prevents the interaction of IL-2 with the IL-2R-HA. Daclizumab (Zenapax) can be used for multiple sclerosis research[1].