Phosphatidylcholine induces apoptosis of 3T3-L1 adipocytes.

Hailan Li, Jong-Hyuk Lee, Su Yeon Kim, Hye-Young Yun, Kwang Jin Baek, Nyoun Soo Kwon, Yoosik Yoon, Ji Hoon Jeong, Dong-Seok Kim

Index: J. Biomed. Sci. 18 , 91, (2011)

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Abstract

Phosphatidylcholine (PPC) formulation is used for lipolytic injection, even though its mechanism of action is not well understood.The viability of 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes and differentiated 3T3-L1 cells was measured after treatment of PPC alone, its vehicle sodium deoxycholate (SD), and a PPC formulation. Western blot analysis was performed to examine PPC-induced signaling pathways.PPC, SD, and PPC formulation significantly decreased 3T3-L1 cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner. PPC alone was not cytotoxic to CCD-25Sk human fibroblasts at concentrations <1 mg/ml, whereas SD and PPC formulation were cytotoxic. Western blot analysis demonstrated that PPC alone led to the phosphorylation of the stress signaling proteins, such as p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and activated caspase-9, -8, -3 as well as cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase. However, SD did not activate the apoptotic pathways. Instead, SD and PPC formulation induced cell membrane lysis, which may lead to necrosis of cells.PPC results in apoptosis of 3T3-L1 cells.