thorium oxide

MOLECULAR FORMULA :

O2-Th

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :

264.00

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intratracheal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

>1140 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

EQSSDX Environmental Quality and Safety, Supplement. (Stuttgart, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1-5, 1975-76. Discontinued. Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,1,1975 ** TUMORIGENIC DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Parenteral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :

1 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors

REFERENCE :

ANYAA9 Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. (New York Academy of Sciences, 2 E. 63rd St., New York, NY 10021) V.1- 1877- Volume(issue)/page/year: 145,700,1967

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human

DOSE/DURATION :

2880 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors

REFERENCE :

AJRRAV American Journal of Roentgenology, Radium Therapy and Nuclear Medicine. (Springfield, IL) V.67-125, 1952-75. For publisher information, see AAJRDX. Volume(issue)/page/year: 83,163,1960

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraarterial

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human

DOSE/DURATION :

490 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application

REFERENCE :

ANYAA9 Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. (New York Academy of Sciences, 2 E. 63rd St., New York, NY 10021) V.1- 1877- Volume(issue)/page/year: 145,776,1967

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

160 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors

REFERENCE :

ANYAA9 Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. (New York Academy of Sciences, 2 E. 63rd St., New York, NY 10021) V.1- 1877- Volume(issue)/page/year: 145,738,1967

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

20 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application

REFERENCE :

JNCIAM Journal of the National Cancer Institute. (Washington, DC) V.1-60, 1940-78. For publisher information, see JJIND8. Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,349,1940

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

10 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors Blood - tumors

REFERENCE :

BJCAAI British Journal of Cancer. (Macmillan Press Ltd., Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hants. RG21 2XS, UK) V.1- 1947- Volume(issue)/page/year: 10,527,1956

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intramuscular

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

400 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Blood - lymphoma, including Hodgkin's disease Skin and Appendages - tumors

REFERENCE :

CNREA8 Cancer Research. (Public Ledger Building, Suit 816, 6th & Chestnut Sts., Philadelphia, PA 19106) V.1- 1941- Volume(issue)/page/year: 22,152,1962

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :

1500 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Blood - tumors Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application

REFERENCE :

ANYAA9 Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. (New York Academy of Sciences, 2 E. 63rd St., New York, NY 10021) V.1- 1877- Volume(issue)/page/year: 145,724,1967

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Parenteral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :

4 gm/kg/15W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages - tumors Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application

REFERENCE :

AJCAA7 American Journal of Cancer. (New York, NY) V.15-40, 1931-40. For publisher information, see CNREA8. Volume(issue)/page/year: 35,363,1939

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - hamster

DOSE/DURATION :

2 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application

REFERENCE :

GANNA2 Gann. Japanese Journal of Cancer Research. (Tokyo, Japan) V.1-75, 1907-84. For publisher information, see JJCREP. Volume(issue)/page/year: 57,431,1966

TYPE OF TEST :

TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :

3600 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors Blood - tumors

REFERENCE :

PAMIAD Pathologica et Microbiologia. (Basel, Switzerland) V.23-43, 1960-75. For publisher information, see ECEBDI. Volume(issue)/page/year: 25,27,1962

TYPE OF TEST :

TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :

300 mg(Th)/kg/2Y-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors Blood - tumors

REFERENCE :

AICCA6 Acta Unio Internationalis Contra Cancrum. (Louvain, Belgium) V.1-20, 1936-64. For publisher information, see IJCNAW. Volume(issue)/page/year: 16,425,1960

TYPE OF TEST :

TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Parenteral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human

DOSE/DURATION :

700 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria Liver - angiosarcoma Blood - tumors

REFERENCE :

ANYAA9 Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. (New York Academy of Sciences, 2 E. 63rd St., New York, NY 10021) V.1- 1877- Volume(issue)/page/year: 145,676,1967

TYPE OF TEST :

TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Parenteral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human

DOSE/DURATION :

1260 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria Liver - angiosarcoma Blood - tumors

REFERENCE :

ANYAA9 Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. (New York Academy of Sciences, 2 E. 63rd St., New York, NY 10021) V.1- 1877- Volume(issue)/page/year: 145,676,1967

TYPE OF TEST :

TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraarterial

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :

2 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application

REFERENCE :

ANYAA9 Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. (New York Academy of Sciences, 2 E. 63rd St., New York, NY 10021) V.1- 1877- Volume(issue)/page/year: 145,776,1967

TYPE OF TEST :

TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

10 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors Liver - tumors

REFERENCE :

BJCAAI British Journal of Cancer. (Macmillan Press Ltd., Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hants. RG21 2XS, UK) V.1- 1947- Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,253,1955

TYPE OF TEST :

TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Parenteral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :

2350 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - Kidney tumors

REFERENCE :

EUURAV European Urology. (S. Karger Pub., Inc., 79 Fifth Ave., New York, NY 10003) V.1- 1975- Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,69,1977

TYPE OF TEST :

TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraarterial

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :

1190 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors Blood - lymphoma, including Hodgkin's disease

REFERENCE :

APMIAL Acta Pathologica et Microbiologica Scandinavica. (Copenhagen, Denmark) V.1-77, 1924-69. For publisher information, see ACPADQ. Volume(issue)/page/year: 53,147,1961

TYPE OF TEST :

TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraarterial

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human

DOSE/DURATION :

1302 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors Liver - angiosarcoma

REFERENCE :

BJCAAI British Journal of Cancer. (Macmillan Press Ltd., Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hants. RG21 2XS, UK) V.1- 1947- Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,446,1980 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X2987 No. of Facilities: 146 (estimated) No. of Industries: 14 No. of Occupations: 9 No. of Employees: 2274 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 266 (estimated)