Prednisone

Prednisone (Adasone) is a synthetic corticosteroid agent that is particularly effective as an immunosuppressant compound.Target: OthersPrednisone is a synthetic corticosteroid drug that is particularly effective as an immunosuppressant drug. It is used to treat certain inflammatory diseases (such as moderate allergic reactions) and (at higher doses) some types of cancer, but has significant adverse effects. Because it suppresses the immune system, it leaves patients more susceptible to infections.Prednisone can also be used in the treatment of decompensated heart failure to potentiate renal responsiveness to diuretics, especially in heart failure patients with refractory diuretic resistance with large dose of loop diuretics. The mechanism is prednisone, as a glucocorticoid, can improve renal responsiveness to atrial natriuretic peptide by increasing the density of natriuretic peptide receptor type A in the renal inner medullary collecting duct, inducing a potent diuresis.

Signaling Pathways >> GPCR/G Protein >> Glucocorticoid Receptor

Research Areas >> Inflammation/Immunology

Natural Products >> Steroids

[1]. RIEMER AD. Application of the newer corticosteroids to augment diuresis in congestive heart failure. Am J Cardiol. 1958 Apr;1(4):488-96.

[2]. Zhang H, et al. Prednisone adding to usual care treatment for refractory decompensated congestive heart failure. Int Heart J. 2008 Sep;49(5):587-95.

Hydrocortisone | Mifepristone | Corticosterone | (20S)-Protopanaxatriol | Fluticasone propionate | Triamcinolone | Cortisone | AL 082D06 | Glucocorticoid receptor agonist | Mapracorat | Ciclesonide | Beclometasone dipropionate | Clobetasol propionate | CORT-108297 | Flunisolide

MOLECULAR FORMULA :

C21-H26-O5

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :

358.47

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :

L E5 B666 CV OV AHTTT&J A1 E1 FV1Q FQ

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :

2400 ug/kg/2D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - sensory change involving peripheral nerve

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :

857 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - sensory change involving peripheral nerve

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :

400 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Skin and Appendages - dermatitis, other (after systemic exposure)

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :

113 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Blood - hemorrhage Skin and Appendages - dermatitis, other (after systemic exposure)

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

135 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

101 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intramuscular

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

600 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

860 mg/kg/26W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Endocrine - tumors Skin and Appendages - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

DOSE :

24 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 13-18 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

Mutation in microorganisms

TEST SYSTEM :

Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium

DOSE/DURATION :

333 ug/plate

REFERENCE :

ENMUDM Environmental Mutagenesis. (New York, NY) V.1-9, 1979-87. For publisher information, see EMMUEG. Volume(issue)/page/year: 5(Suppl 1),3,1983 *** REVIEWS *** IARC Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 26,293,1981 IARC Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 26,293,1981 IARC Cancer Review:Group 3 IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,326,1987 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ARVPAX Annual Review of Pharmacology. (Palo Alto, CA) V.1-15, 1961-75. For publisher information, see ARPTDI. Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,447,1965 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CTOXAO Clinical Toxicology. (New York, NY) V.1-18, 1968-81. For publisher information, see JTCTDW. Volume(issue)/page/year: 17,85,1980 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 80494 No. of Facilities: 68 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 6 No. of Employees: 2770 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 80494 No. of Facilities: 45 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 1 No. of Employees: 1266 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 725 (estimated)