Copper

MOLECULAR FORMULA :

Cu

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :

63.54

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human

DOSE/DURATION :

120 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting

REFERENCE :

PHRPA6 Public Health Reports. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1878- Volume(issue)/page/year: 73,910,1958

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

3500 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

38MKAJ "Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology," 3rd rev. ed., Clayton, G.D., and F.E. Clayton, eds., New York, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1978-82. Vol. 3 originally pub. in 1979; pub. as 2nd rev. ed. in 1985. Volume(issue)/page/year: 2A,1623,1981 ** TUMORIGENIC DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intrapleural

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

100 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - fibrosis, focal (pneumoconiosis) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors

REFERENCE :

AIHAAP American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. (AIHA, 475 Wolf Ledges Pkwy., Akron, OH 44311) V.19- 1958- Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,836,1980 ** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

152 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 22 week(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System

REFERENCE :

GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 45(3),8,1980

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

1520 ug/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 22 week(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system

REFERENCE :

GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 45(3),8,1980

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

1210 ug/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 35 week(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea) Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

REFERENCE :

GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 42(8),30,1977

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intrauterine

DOSE :

250 ug/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 1 day(s) pre-mating

REFERENCE :

IJEBA6 Indian Journal of Experimental Biology. (Publications & Information Directorate, CSIR, Hillside Rd., New Delhi 110 012, India) V.1- 1963- Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,1124,1981 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-TWA 1 mg(Cu)/m3, dust, mist DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 0.2 mg(Cu)/m3, fume DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW TRBMAV Texas Reports on Biology and Medicine. (Galveston, TX) V.1-41(2), 1943-81/82. Discontinued. Volume(issue)/page/year: 33,85,1975 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW QURBAW Quarterly Reviews of Biophysics. (Cambridge Univ. Press, The Edinburgh Bldg., Shaftesbury Rd., Cambridge CB2 2RU, UK) V.1- 1968- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,75,1974 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW JAVMA4 Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. (American Veterinary Medical Assoc., 930 N. Meacham Rd., Schaumburg, IL 60196) V.48- 1915- Volume(issue)/page/year: 164,277,1974 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW IJMDAI Israel Journal of Medical Sciences. (POB 1435, Jerusalem 91013, Israel) V.1- 1965- Volume(issue)/page/year: 10,416,1974 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW KOTTAM Kogai to Taisaku. Journal of Environmental Pollution Control. (Kogai Taisaku Gijutsu Dokokai, Shuwa-Akasaka Bldg., 9-1-244, Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo 107, Japan) V.1- 1965- Volume(issue)/page/year: 11,1300,1975 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW FOREAE Food Research. (Champaign, IL) V.1-25, 1936-60. For publisher information, see JFDSAZ. Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,313,1942 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MIBUBI Mikrobiyoloji Bulteni. Bulletin of Microbiology. (c/o Dr. A. Tevfik Cenqiz, Ankara Universitesi Tip Fakultesi Mikrobiyoloji Ana Bilim Dah, Ankara, Turkey) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,321,1975 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW PEXTAR Progress in Experimental Tumor Research. (S. Karger AG, Postfach CH-4009 Basel, Switzerland) V.1- 1960- Volume(issue)/page/year: 12,102,1969 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW 85DHAX "Medical and Biologic Effects of Environmental Pollutants Series," Washington, DC, National Academy of Sciences, 1972-77 Volume(issue)/page/year: Cu,41,1977 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW AMTODM Advances in Modern Toxicology. (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 605 Third Ave., New York, NY 10016) V.1, 1976-79. Discontinued. Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,209,1977 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** EPA FIFRA 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,7740,1989 MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 0.1 mg/m3 (fume,dusts & mists) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,59,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 0.1 mg(Cu)/m3, fume CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 1 mg(Cu)/m3, dusts and mists CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 0.1 mg(Cu)/m3, fume CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 1 mg(Cu)/m3, dusts and mists CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 0.1 mg(Cu)/m3, fume CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 1 mg(Cu)/m3, dusts and mists CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 0.1 mg/m3, fume CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 1 mg/m3, dusts and mists CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-ARAB Republic of Egypt:TWA 0.1 mg/m3 (fume) JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 0.2 mg/m3 (fume) JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 1 mg/m3 (dust) JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 0.2 mg/m3 (fume) JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 1 mg/m3 (dust) JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 0.1 mg/m3 (fume) JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 1 mg/m3 (dust) JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 0.2 mg/m3 (fume) JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 1 mg/m3 (dust) JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 0.2 mg/m3 (fume) JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 1 mg/m3;STEL 2 mg/m3 (dust) JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 0.1 mg/m3 (fume) JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 1 mg/m3 (dust) JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 0.2 mg/m3;STEL 0.4 mg/m3 (dust) JAN 1993 OEL-INDIA:TWA 0.2 mg/m3 (fume) JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 02 mg/m3 (fume) JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 1 mg/m3 (dust) JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 1.0 mg/m3 (fume) JAN 1993 OEL-POLAND:TWA 0.1 mg/m3 (fume) JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 0.5 ppm (1 mg/m3) (dust) JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 0.2 mg/m3 (resp. dust) JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 0.2 mg/m3 (fume) JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 1 mg/m3 (total dust) JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 0.1 mg/m3;STEL 0.2 mg/m3 (fume) JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 1 mg/m3;STEL 1 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-THAILAND:TWA 0.1 mg/m3 (fume) JAN 1993 OEL-THAILAND:TWA 1 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 0.2 mg/m3 (fume) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 1 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO COPPER, dusts and mists-air:10H TWA 1 mg/m3 REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO COPPER, fume-air:10H TWA 0.1 mg/m3 REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - M2276 No. of Facilities: 1213 (estimated) No. of Industries: 27 No. of Occupations: 35 No. of Employees: 24737 (estimated) NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 20115 No. of Facilities: 12177 (estimated) No. of Industries: 176 No. of Occupations: 105 No. of Employees: 224406 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X5915 No. of Facilities: 162 (estimated) No. of Industries: 5 No. of Occupations: 5 No. of Employees: 11889 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 421 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X5983 No. of Facilities: 4558 (estimated) No. of Industries: 51 No. of Occupations: 45 No. of Employees: 53282 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 8758 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X6807 No. of Facilities: 16 (estimated) No. of Industries: 2 No. of Occupations: 2 No. of Employees: 625 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X8588 No. of Facilities: 204 (estimated) No. of Industries: 3 No. of Occupations: 7 No. of Employees: 9443 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 20115 No. of Facilities: 59839 (estimated) No. of Industries: 296 No. of Occupations: 158 No. of Employees: 920449 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 72821 (estimated)