1-硝基丙烷

1-硝基丙烷用途

【用途一】
主要用作溶剂和中间体，喷气发动机燃料，喷雾剂等。（1）作为溶剂，对醇、酮、醚、酯，以及染料、油脂、蜡、树脂、合成橡胶均有很强的溶解力。与酒精并用是乙酸纤维的强力溶剂；与酒精、芒烃并用可代替氯化烃类溶剂溶解三乙酸纤维。作为低温溶剂可以溶解氯乙烯-乙酸乙烯的共聚物，还可用于溶解硝酸纤维。（2）为胺类、羟胺类、硝基羟基化合物、氯化硝基烷烃等化工产品的中间体，如硝基丙烷与甲烷在硫酸存在下水解，可得硫酸羟胺与丙酸。在医药工业中用于生产抗结核药盐酸乙胺丁酯。
【用途二】
主要用作溶剂和中间体，喷气发动机燃料，喷雾剂等。（1）作为溶剂，对醇；酮；醚；酯，以及染料；油脂；蜡；树脂；合成橡胶均有很强的溶解力。与酒精并用是乙酸纤维的强力溶剂；与酒精；芒烃并用可代替氯化烃类溶剂溶解三乙酸纤维。作为低温溶剂可以溶解氯乙烯-乙酸乙烯的共聚物，还可用于溶解硝酸纤维。（2）为胺类；羟胺类；硝基羟基化合物；氯化硝基烷烃等化工产品的中间体，如硝基丙烷与甲烷在硫酸存在下水解，可得硫酸羟胺与丙酸。在医药工业中用于生产抗结核药盐酸乙胺丁酯。

1-硝基丙烷名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
108-03-2

[ 中文名 ]:
1-硝基丙烷

[ 英文名 ]:
1-Nitropropane

[中文别名 ]:

硝基丙烷

[英文别名 ]:

Propane, 1-nitro-
Propane,1-nitro
1-Nitropropane
3-nitropropane
MFCD00007407
1-NP
Nitropropane
1-nitro-propane
EINECS 203-544-9

1-硝基丙烷物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
1.0±0.1 g/cm3

[ 沸点 ]:
131.7±3.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ 熔点 ]:
-108 °C

[ 分子式 ]:
C₃H₇NO₂

[ 分子量 ]:
89.093

[ 闪点 ]:
33.9±0.0 °C

[ 精确质量 ]:
89.047676

[ PSA ]:
45.82000

[ LogP ]:
0.87

[ 外观性状 ]:
无色液体带有一种温和,水果的气味

[ 蒸汽密度 ]:
3.1 (vs air)

[ 蒸汽压 ]:
11.2±0.2 mmHg at 25°C

[ 折射率 ]:
1.399

[ 储存条件 ]:
库房通风低温干燥,与氧化剂分开储运

[ 稳定性 ]:
Stable. Flammable. Incompatible with strong bases, strong oxidizing agents.

[ 水溶解性 ]:
1.40 g/100 mL

1-硝基丙烷MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

1-硝基丙烷毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: TZ5075000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Propane, 1-nitro-

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 108-03-2

LAST UPDATED :: 199712

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 36

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C3-H7-N-O2

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 89.11

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: WN3

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration into the eye

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human

DOSE/DURATION :: 150 ppm

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - conjunctive irritation

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 455 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 3100 ppm/8H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 550 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Blood - methemoglobinemia-carboxyhemoglobin

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 800 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - general anesthetic Behavioral - tremor Behavioral - excitement

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 250 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 250 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - ataxia Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory stimulation

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 5000 ppm/3H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 5000 ppm/3H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Unscheduled DNA synthesis

TEST SYSTEM :: Rodent - rat Liver

REFERENCE :: MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 221,263,1989 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 91 mg/m3 (25 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 25 ppm (90 mg/m3) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,188,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 25 ppm (90 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 25 ppm (90 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 25 ppm (90 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 25 ppm (90 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-DENMARK:TWA 15 ppm (54 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 25 ppm (90 mg/m3);STEL 40 ppm (150 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 25 ppm (90 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 25 ppm (90 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 25 ppm (90 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 25 ppm (90 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 25 ppm (90 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 25 ppm (90 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 25 ppm (90 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO 1-NITROPROPANE-air:10H TWA 25 ppm REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 51100 No. of Facilities: 1155 (estimated) No. of Industries: 20 No. of Occupations: 31 No. of Employees: 9874 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 51100 No. of Facilities: 2539 (estimated) No. of Industries: 19 No. of Occupations: 26 No. of Employees: 21537 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 1311 (estimated)

1-硝基丙烷安全信息

[ 符号 ]:

GHS02, GHS06

[ 信号词 ]:
Danger

[ 危害声明 ]:
H226-H302 + H312-H331

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P261-P280-P311

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face respirator (US);Gloves;multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US);type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
Xn:Harmful;

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R10;R20/21/22

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S9

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 2608 3/PG 3

[ WGK德国 ]:
1

[ RTECS号 ]:
TZ5075000

[ 包装等级 ]:
III

[ 危险类别 ]:
3

[ 海关编码 ]:
29042000

1-硝基丙烷合成路线

详细合成路线

1-硝基丙烷上下游产品

1-硝基丙烷上游产品

1-硝基丙烷下游产品

1-硝基丙烷制备

1.由丙烷经硝化而得。先将丙烷放在预热器内于430-450℃进行预热，然后引入内衬玻璃或二氧化硅的反应塔内。反应塔有几处可向内部丙烷气喷注75%硝酸，反应温度调节到390-440℃，压力0.69-0.86MPa，丙烷与硝酸的摩尔比为5：1，由反应塔出来的气体，经冷凝器冷却，硝基丙烷与稀硝酸即凝缩。而丙烷与气态氧化物则由回收塔回收，丙烷循环使用。所得产品为硝基甲烷10%-30%，硝基乙烷20%-25%，1-硝基丙烷25%，2-硝基丙烷40%。该品也可经丙烯硝化得到。

2.由丙烯等不饱和烃经气相或液相硝化，或饱和烃液相硝化亦可制得硝基丙烷。

1-硝基丙烷海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 2904209090

[ 中文概述 ]:
2904209090 其他仅含硝基或亚硝基的衍生物。监管条件:无。增值税率:17.0%。退税率:9.0%。最惠国关税:5.5%。普通关税:30.0%

[ 申报要素 ]: 品名, 成分含量, 用途

[ Summary ]:
2904209090 derivatives containing only nitro or only nitroso groups。Supervision conditions:None。VAT:17.0%。Tax rebate rate:9.0%。MFN tariff:5.5%。General tariff:30.0%

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