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甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯

甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯用途

【用途一】
用于纤维、泡沫塑料及橡胶的合成，也用作粘合剂
【用途二】
主要用于聚氨酯产品，包括泡沫塑料、聚氨酯涂料、聚氨酯橡胶；聚酰亚胺纤维和胶粘剂等也有一些应用。

甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
584-84-9

[ 中文名 ]:
甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯

[ 英文名 ]:
toluene 2,4-diisocyanate

[中文别名 ]:

[英文别名 ]:

toluene 2,4-diisocyanate
toluene-2,4-diyl diisocyanate
1,3-diisocyanato-4-methyl benzene
Tolylene-2,4-diisocyanate
EINECS 209-544-5
Toluene diisocyanate
2,4-Diisocyanato-1-methylbenzene
mondurtds
Niax tdi
2,4-toluylene diisocyanate

甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
1.1±0.1 g/cm3

[ 沸点 ]:
251.0±0.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ 熔点 ]:
20-22 °C(lit.)

[ 分子式 ]:
C₉H₆N₂O₂

[ 分子量 ]:
174.156

[ 闪点 ]:
110.5±30.7 °C

[ 精确质量 ]:
174.042923

[ PSA ]:
58.86000

[ LogP ]:
3.47

[ 外观性状 ]:
水白色至淡黄色液体或晶体,暴露在阳光下会变暗

[ 蒸汽密度 ]:
6 (vs air)

[ 蒸汽压 ]:
0.0±0.5 mmHg at 25°C

[ 折射率 ]:
1.559

[ 储存条件 ]:
库房通风低温干燥,与氧化剂、食品添加剂、酸类碱类分开存放

[ 水溶解性 ]:
reacts

甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯MSDS

甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: CZ6300000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Benzene, 2,4-diisocyanato-1-methyl-

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 584-84-9

BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. :: 0744602

LAST UPDATED :: 199712

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 68

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C9-H6-N2-O2

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 174.17

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: OCNR B1 ENCO

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Open irritation test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :: Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :: Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration into the eye

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :: 300 ppt/8H/5D

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory obstruction

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human

DOSE/DURATION :: 20 ppb/2Y

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cough Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - sputum

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human

DOSE/DURATION :: 500 ppb

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - effect, not otherwise specified Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human

DOSE/DURATION :: 80 ppb

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - effect, not otherwise specified Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - effect, not otherwise specified Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 5800 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Gastrointestinal - other changes

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 14 ppm/4H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Behavioral - excitement Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 10 ppm/4H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - changes in pulmonary vascular resistance

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 56 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 11 ppm/4H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - excitement Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: >16 mL/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 13 ppm/4H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - changes in pulmonary vascular resistance Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - pleural effusion

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Bird - wild bird species

DOSE/DURATION :: 100 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 15 gm/kg/10D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Gastrointestinal - other changes Liver - other changes Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 204 ug/m3/24H/84D-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - muscle contraction or spasticity Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - true cholinesterase Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - lipids including transport

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 102 ppb/24H/7D-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 26 ppm/6H/5W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - chronic pulmonary edema Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 990 ppb/6H/14D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - effect, not otherwise specified

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 1500 ppb/71D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 3100 ppb/4H/5D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi Blood - changes in leukocyte (WBC) count

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 1500 ppb/6H/79D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Sister chromatid exchange

TEST SYSTEM :: Rodent - hamster Ovary

REFERENCE :: EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.10- 1987- Volume(issue)/page/year: 13,133,1989 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-STEL 0.14 mg/m3 (0.02 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 0.036 mg/m3 (0.005 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 IARC Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 39,287,1986 IARC Cancer Review:Human No Adequate Data IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 39,287,1986 IARC Cancer Review:Group 2B IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,56,1987 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ANAEA3 Annals of Allergy. (American College of Allergists, POB 20671, Bloomington, MN 55420) V.1- 1943- Volume(issue)/page/year: 35,165,1975 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW AOHYA3 Annals of Occupational Hygiene. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.1- 1958- Volume(issue)/page/year: 17,143,1974 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW JJOMDZ JOM, Journal of Occupational Medicine. (American Occupational Medicine Assoc., 150 N. Wacker Dr., Chicago, IL 60606) V.10- 1968- Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,808,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CMTVAS Cahiers de Medecine du Travail. (Association Professionnelle Belge des Medecine du Travail, rue du Bultia, 6280 Gerpinnes, Belgium) V.1- 1963- Volume(issue)/page/year: 10(3),49,1973 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD:air-CL 0.02 ppm (0.14 mg/m3) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,260,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):CL 0.02 ppm (0.14 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):CL 0.02 ppm (0.14 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):CL 0.02 ppm (0.14 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):CL 0.02 ppm (0.14 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-ARAB Republic of Egypt:TWA 0.02 ppm (0.14 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 0.005 ppm (0.036 mg/m3);STEL 0.02 ppm JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 0.005 ppm (0.035 mg/m3);Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 0.01 ppm (0.08 mg/m3);STEL 0.02 ppm (0.16 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 0.01 ppm (0.07 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:STEL 0.04 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-JAPAN:TWA 0.02 ppm (0.14 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 0.02 ppm (0.14 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 0.02 ppm (0.14 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 0.05 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 0.005 ppm (0.04 mg/m3);STEL 0.01 ppm (0.07 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 0.005 ppm (0.04 mg/m3);STEL 0.01 ppm JAN 1993 OEL-THAILAND:TWA 0.02 ppm (0.14 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 0.02 ppm (0.14 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 0.02 mg/m3;STEL 0.07 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO TOLUENE DIISOCYANATE-air:CA lowest feasible conc REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS#92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 73390 No. of Facilities: 2310 (estimated) No. of Industries: 47 No. of Occupations: 54 No. of Employees: 26654 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 73390 No. of Facilities: 838 (estimated) No. of Industries: 19 No. of Occupations: 30 No. of Employees: 10921 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 545 (estimated)

甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯安全信息

[ 符号 ]:

GHS06, GHS08

[ 信号词 ]:
Danger

[ 危害声明 ]:
H315-H317-H319-H330-H334-H335-H351-H412

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P260-P280-P284-P304 + P340 + P310-P342 + P311-P403 + P233

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face respirator (US);Gloves;multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US);type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
T+:Verytoxic;

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R26;R36/37/38;R40;R42/43;R52/53

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S23-S36/37-S45-S61

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 2078 6.1/PG 2

[ WGK德国 ]:
2

[ RTECS号 ]:
CZ6300000

[ 包装等级 ]:
II

[ 危险类别 ]:
6.1

[ 海关编码 ]:
29291010

甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯合成路线

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甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯上游产品

甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯下游产品

甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯制备

制备方法有胺光气化法、硝基化合物羰基化法和碳酸二甲酯法。（一）胺光气化法由甲苯硝化生成二硝基甲苯，再经还原得到甲苯二胺。甲苯二胺与光气反应即得TDI（以2,4-异构体为主）。 ①常压法将熔融的二氨基甲苯（105-110℃）溶解于邻二氯苯，配成10%-20%的溶液；将光气溶于邻二氯苯，含量为25%-50%。两种溶液在混合器中混合、加热至80-200℃，使之反应，产物是甲苯二异氰酸酯、氯化氢及其他副产物。末反应的光气、邻二氯苯与反应产物一并送入蒸发塔以分离出部分溶剂，蒸出的邻二氯苯再作为回收光气的吸收剂。蒸发塔釜液送入预蒸发器进行闪蒸，蒸出的甲苯二异氰酸酯与邻二氯苯进入蒸馏塔，此塔顶回收得纯溶剂，釜液精馏得甲苯二异氰酸酯。 ②加压法该法所用溶剂一般为氯苯。液态光气与10%-20%的二氨基甲苯的氯苯溶液80-120℃MPa压力下，在循环管路中进行反应，管路中的循环比为10-40。反应粗产物通过缓冲器进入反应器，反应器用加热器加热。反应器顶部逸出的氯化氢回收得副产盐酸，其中含有的少量光气经冷凝器冷凝后进入光气贮槽。反应粗产物进入蒸发塔于0.1-0.5MPa压力下蒸出光气。塔釜是甲苯二异氰酸酯、氯苯及其他副产物，进一步蒸馏精制，回收氯苯，得到甲苯二异氰酸酯。原料配比：光气/二氨基甲苯（物质的量比）3：6（非循环过程）。消耗定额（kg/t）：常压法二氨基甲苯1280（常压法）、905（加压法）；光气1250（常压法）、2260（加压法）；邻二氯苯3-10（常压法）；氯苯218（加压法）。（二）硝基化合物羰基化法该法从芳烃硝基化合物出发，采用铬、铑、钯等羰基化催化剂，在60-150℃、686-981MPa压力下，与CO直接反应生成甲苯二异氯酸酯。（三）碳酸二甲酯法该法是自20世纪80年代以来甲醇氧化羰基化法碳酸二甲酯工业化后面新开发的用碳酸二甲酯取代光气生产甲苯二异氰酸酯的一种方法。具有设备简单、无公害、不用光气等诸多弊病。随着碳酸二甲酯的不断开发，生产规模不断扩大，其价格将逐渐降低。相信在环境问题日益被重视的今天，该法将更具有生命力。

甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 29291010

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