阿昔洛韦

[1]. Li Z, et al. Acyclovir treatment of skin lesions results in immune deviation in mice infected cutaneously with herpes simplex virus. Antivir Chem Chemother. 1999 Sep;10(5):251-7.

[2]. Shelley WB, Hashim M, Shelley ED. Acyclovir in the treatment of hand-foot-and-mouth disease. Cutis. 1996 Apr;57(4):232-4.

[3]. Collins P, Oliver NM. Sensitivity monitoring of herpes simplex virus isolates from patients receiving acyclovir. J Antimicrob Chemother. 1986 Oct;18 Suppl B:103-12.

[4]. Meyrick Thomas RH, Dodd HJ, Yeo JM, Oral acyclovir in the suppression of recurrent non-genital herpes simplex virus infection. Br J Dermatol. 1985 Dec;113(6):731-5.

[5]. Tang IY, Maddux MS, Veremis SA, Low-dose oral acyclovir for prevention of herpes simplex virus infection during OKT3 therapy. Transplant Proc. 1989 Feb;21(1 Pt 2):1758-60.

MOLECULAR FORMULA :

C8-H11-N5-O3

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :

225.24

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :

T56 BN DN FN HNJ D1O2Q GZ IQ &T56 BN DN FVM INJ B1O2Q HZ

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :

28 mg/kg/2D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Brain and Coverings - changes in surface EEG Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - sputum

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :

12 mg/kg/1D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Brain and Coverings - meningeal changes Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - antipsychotic

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :

100 mg/kg/5D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Skin and Appendages - dermatitis, allergic (after systemic exposure)

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :

80 mg/kg/4D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :

486 mg/kg/17D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Gastrointestinal - decreased motility or constipation Gastrointestinal - other changes

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :

134 ug/kg/1D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :

101 mg/kg/2D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions Behavioral - muscle contraction or spasticity

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :

107 mg/kg/4D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis)

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Multiple routes

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :

36 mg/kg/2D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes Behavioral - coma Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

>20 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

860 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

620 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

750 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

>10 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

724 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

1118 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

1118 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - species unspecified

DOSE/DURATION :

400 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

250 mg/kg/5D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes primarily in glomeruli Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - urine volume increased Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

DOSE :

60 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 5-6 week(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

DOSE :

100 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 10 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - weaning or lactation index (e.g., # alive at weaning per # alive at day 4)

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

DOSE :

200 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 10 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial (including nose and tongue)

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

DOSE :

400 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 9-11 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

DOSE :

1200 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 1-20 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Maternal Effects - other effects Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Unreported

DOSE :

300 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 10 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

DNA inhibition

TEST SYSTEM :

Rodent - rabbit Kidney

DOSE/DURATION :

6800 ug/L

REFERENCE :

BCPCA6 Biochemical Pharmacology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.1- 1958- Volume(issue)/page/year: 38,1771,1989