正戊醇

正戊醇用途

【用途一】
用作色谱标准试剂及分析试剂，也用于有机合成
【用途二】
用作溶剂和有机合成原料
【用途三】
GB 2760一86规定为允许使用的食用香料。用于巧克力、威士忌酒、香葱、苹果、坚果、面包、谷物等香精。
【用途四】
用作涂料溶剂，医药的原料，非铁金属的浮选剂，锅炉用水的止泡剂。
【用途五】
有机合成，溶剂。高纯度的可用作气相色谱分析标准。

正戊醇名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
71-41-0

[ 中文名 ]:
正戊醇

[ 英文名 ]:
pentanol

[中文别名 ]:

[英文别名 ]:

n-Butyl Carbinol
n-amyl alcohol
n-pentyl alcohol
MFCD00002977
Pentanol-1
1-Pentano1
EINECS 200-752-1
n-C5H11OH
1-Pentanol
ALCOHOL C5

正戊醇物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
0.8±0.1 g/cm3

[ 沸点 ]:
138.5±3.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ 熔点 ]:
-78ºC

[ 分子式 ]:
C₅H₁₂O

[ 分子量 ]:
88.148

[ 闪点 ]:
48.9±0.0 °C

[ 精确质量 ]:
88.088814

[ PSA ]:
20.23000

[ LogP ]:
1.41

[ 外观性状 ]:
无色液体

[ 蒸汽密度 ]:
3 (vs air)

[ 蒸汽压 ]:
2.8±0.5 mmHg at 25°C

[ 折射率 ]:
1.407

[ 储存条件 ]:
Flammables area

[ 稳定性 ]:
Stable. Flammable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.

[ 水溶解性 ]:
22 g/L (22 ºC)

正戊醇MSDS

正戊醇毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: SB9800000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Pentyl alcohol

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 71-41-0

BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. :: 1730975

LAST UPDATED :: 199806

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 49

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C5-H12-O

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 88.17

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: Q5

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :: Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :: Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration into the eye

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :: Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration into the eye

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 5660 uL/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)

TYPE OF TEST :: LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 14000 mg/m3/6H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - acute pulmonary edema Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis)

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 579 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 196 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 200 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - general anesthetic

TYPE OF TEST :: LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 14000 mg/m3/6H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - acute pulmonary edema Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis)

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 970 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 184 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 1400 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Gastrointestinal - other changes Blood - hemorrhage

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 1800 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Gastrointestinal - other changes Blood - hemorrhage

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - cat

DOSE/DURATION :: 122 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 2830 uL/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Liver - other changes Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 140 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LC - Lethal concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: >14 gm/m3/6H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Brain and Coverings - recordings from specific areas of CNS Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 615 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - hamster

DOSE/DURATION :: 626 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Parenteral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Amphibian - frog

DOSE/DURATION :: 2 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - spastic paralysis with or without sensory change Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - species unspecified

DOSE/DURATION :: 1174 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction

TEST SYSTEM :: Rodent - hamster Lung

DOSE/DURATION :: 25 mmol/L

REFERENCE :: MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 182,135,1987 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 100 ppm (530 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRIA:TWA 100 ppm (525 mg/m3) (all isomers) JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 100 ppm (532 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 100 ppm (360 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 100 ppm (525 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 100 ppm (360 mg/m3);STEL 150 ppm (540 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 100 ppm (525 mg/m3);STEL 150 ppm (790 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 100 ppm (530 mg/m3);STEL 150 ppm (800 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 100 ppm (525 mg/m3) (all isomers) JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 400 mg/m3;STEL 800 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-JAPAN:TWA 100 ppm (530 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 100 ppm (530 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 100 ppm (525 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-POLAND:TWA 100 mg/m3;STEL 450 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:TWA 100 ppm;STEL 100 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 100 ppm (500 mg/m3);STEL 150 ppm (all isomers) JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 100 ppm (540 mg/m3) (all isomers) JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 100 ppm (525 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 100 ppm (530 mg/m3);STEL 150 ppm JAN 1993 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - M0264 No. of Facilities: 892 (estimated) No. of Industries: 32 No. of Occupations: 42 No. of Employees: 17247 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - M0264 No. of Facilities: 3107 (estimated) No. of Industries: 21 No. of Occupations: 31 No. of Employees: 23891 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 10257 (estimated)

正戊醇安全信息

[ 符号 ]:

GHS02, GHS07

[ 信号词 ]:
Warning

[ 危害声明 ]:
H226-H315-H319-H332-H335

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P210-P261-P280-P304 + P340 + P312-P337 + P313-P403 + P235

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face respirator (US);Gloves;multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US);type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
Xn:Harmful

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R10;R20;R37;R66

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S46

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 1105/2705

[ WGK德国 ]:
1

[ RTECS号 ]:
SB9800000

[ 包装等级 ]:
II

[ 危险类别 ]:
3.0

[ 海关编码 ]:
2905199090

正戊醇合成路线

正戊醇上下游产品

正戊醇上游产品

正戊醇下游产品

正戊醇制备

1.戊烷混合物光氯化法戊烷馏分经无水氯化氢脱水后与氯气混合，温度120-300℃，产物经冷却、精馏，再以油酸钠作催化剂，用氢氧化钠水溶液使氯代戊烷水解，粗戊醇与水分离，蒸馏可得含伯醇59%，仲醇36%、叔醇5%的的戊醇。据报道，美国主要采用此法生产。

2.碳四烯烃羰基合成法碳四烯烃用65%硫酸处理后，以钴盐为催化剂进行羰基化，水煤气压力14.7-19.6MPa，反应温度140-170℃。羰基化反应物用氢气或稀硫酸处理，使羰基钴分解为金属钴，在17.7-19.6MPa的氢压下，温度180-200℃以下还原，再经分离精制而得戊醇。

杂质除水分外，还含有少量异戊醇等异构体。精制时用无水碳酸钾或无水硫酸铜干燥，过滤，分馏。也可用1%~2%的金属钠处理，加热回流15个小时以除去水和氯化物。微量的水可用少量的金属钠在2%~3%的邻苯二甲酸二戊酯或丁二酸二戊酯存在下，加热回流后再蒸馏除去。欲得高纯度的戊醇可以用羟基苯甲酸酯化，二硫化碳重结晶，再用氢氧化钾醇溶液皂化，硫酸钙干燥后分馏。此外也可加入5%~10%的苯进行共沸蒸馏除去戊醇中的水分。

3.以工业品正戊醇为原料，先用无水碳酸钠或硫酸钙脱水干燥，过滤后精馏，常压下收集137～139℃馏分，即得纯品。

4制法：

于装有搅拌器、温度计、回流冷凝器的反应瓶中，加入戊酸乙酯(2)130g(1.0mol),无水乙醇2000mL，搅拌下分批加入新鲜金属钠(切成小块)238g(10.25mol),加入速度保持反应液剧烈回流。加完后继续回流1h，以使金属钠完全反应。安上分馏装置，蒸出乙醇约700mL。加入水800mL，继续油浴加热分馏，直至分馏柱顶端温度达到83℃，表明乙醇己基本蒸完，约瘦集大约90%的乙醇1500mL。撤去分馏装置，进行水蒸汽蒸馏，大约收集600mL的溜出液，1-戊醇基本蒸完。分出粗戊醇，无水碳酸甲干燥，分馏，收集137～139℃的馏分，得1-戊醇(1)63g，收率71%。

正戊醇海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 2905199090

[ 中文概述 ]:
2905199090. 其他饱和一元醇. 增值税率:17.0%. 退税率:13.0%. 监管条件:无. 最惠国关税:5.5%. 普通关税:30.0%

[ 申报要素 ]: 品名, 成分含量, 用途, 包装

[ Summary ]:
2905199090. saturated monohydric alcohols. VAT:17.0%. Tax rebate rate:13.0%. . MFN tariff:5.5%. General tariff:30.0%

正戊醇文献

Short pulse laser induces less inflammatory cytokines in the murine retina after laser photocoagulation.

Ophthalmic Res. 53(2) , 65-73, (2015)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of pulse duration on the expression of inflammatory cytokines in the murine retina after laser photocoagulation treatment with a PASCAL(®) pattern ...

Histamine H4 receptor as a new therapeutic target for choroidal neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration.

Br. J. Pharmacol. 171(15) , 3754-63, (2014)

The present treatment for choroidal neovascularization (CNV) associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is not sufficient. Hence, we examined the therapeutic efficacy of reducing histamine...

Convenient QSAR model for predicting the complexation of structurally diverse compounds with β-cyclodextrins

Bioorg. Med. Chem. 17 , 896-904, (2009)

This paper reports a QSAR study for predicting the complexation of a large and heterogeneous variety of substances (233 organic compounds) with beta-cyclodextrins (beta-CDs). Several different theoret...

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正戊醇