三氯乙醛

三氯乙醛用途

【用途一】
主要用于制造杀虫剂滴滴涕、敌百虫、敌敌畏和除莠剂三氯乙醛脲，也可用于医药工业及有机合成等
【用途二】
主要用于制造杀虫剂滴滴涕、敌百虫、敌敌畏和除草剂三氯乙醛脲，医药上用于生产氯霉素、合霉素等
【用途三】
三氯乙醛是基本有机合成原料之一，是生产农药、医药的重要中间体。在农药上，可用于合成有机磷杀虫剂敌百虫、敌敌畏，有机氯杀虫剂滴滴涕、三氯杀虫酯(蚊蝇净)，杀螨剂三氯杀螨醇以及拟除虫菊酯中间体二氯菊酸甲(乙)酯等，另外，在医药上用于制造氯霉素、合霉素和催眠剂水合三氯乙醛等；还可作为有机原料，用于生产二甲基甲酰胺和三氯甲烷等。
【用途四】
主要用于制造农药如杀虫剂滴滴涕、敌百虫、敌敌畏、除草剂三氯乙醛脲的原料。在医药工业中用于生产氯霉素、合霉剂、催眠剂水合三氯乙醛等，也可作为有机原料用于生产N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、三氯甲烷和氯仿等。

三氯乙醛名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
75-87-6

[ 中文名 ]:
三氯乙醛

[ 英文名 ]:
Chloral

[英文别名 ]:

Anhydrous chloral
CCl3CHO
Trichloracetaldehyde
Acetaldehyde, 2,2,2-trichloro-
Acetaldehyde, trichloro-
2,2,2-Trichloroacetaldehyde
Chloral
2,2,2-trichloroethoxide
Grasex
Acetaldehyde,trichloro

三氯乙醛物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
1.6±0.1 g/cm3

[ 沸点 ]:
97.8±0.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ 熔点 ]:
-57.5°C

[ 分子式 ]:
C₂HCl₃O

[ 分子量 ]:
147.388

[ 闪点 ]:
14.9±26.5 °C

[ 精确质量 ]:
145.909302

[ PSA ]:
17.07000

[ LogP ]:
1.61

[ 外观性状 ]:
无色油性液体带有一种辛辣气味

[ 蒸汽压 ]:
41.1±0.1 mmHg at 25°C

[ 折射率 ]:
1.471

[ 储存条件 ]:
库房通风低温干燥,与H发孔剂、碱类分开存放

[ 稳定性 ]:
Stable. Flammable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.

[ 水溶解性 ]:
Soluble

三氯乙醛MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

三氯乙醛毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: FM7870000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Chloral

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 75-87-6

BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. :: 0506422

LAST UPDATED :: 199710

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 17

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C2-H-Cl3-O

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 147.38

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: VHXFFF

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 440 mg/m3/4H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - ptosis Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 600 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 5900 mg/m3/4H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral - ataxia

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - species unspecified

DOSE/DURATION :: 710 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 80 mg/m3/4H/2W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - acute pulmonary edema Endocrine - changes in adrenal weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Mutation in microorganisms

TEST SYSTEM :: Yeast - Saccharomyces cerevisiae

DOSE/DURATION :: 1 gm/L

REFERENCE :: MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 155,53,1985 *** REVIEWS *** IARC Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 63,245,1995 IARC Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 63,245,1995 IARC Cancer Review:Group 3 IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 63,245,1995 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 83816 No. of Facilities: 67 (estimated) No. of Industries: 3 No. of Occupations: 12 No. of Employees: 1313 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 83816 No. of Facilities: 119 (estimated) No. of Industries: 5 No. of Occupations: 7 No. of Employees: 2757 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 1563 (estimated)

三氯乙醛安全信息

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
T

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R22;R26;R36/37/38

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S26-S36/37-S45-S7/9

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 2075 6.1/PG 2

[ WGK德国 ]:
3

[ RTECS号 ]:
FM7870000

[ 包装等级 ]:
II

[ 危险类别 ]:
6.1(a)

[ 海关编码 ]:
2913000010

三氯乙醛合成路线

详细合成路线

三氯乙醛上下游产品

三氯乙醛上游产品

三氯乙醛下游产品

三氯乙醛制备

由乙醇或乙醛与氯作用而制得。乙醇氯化法　乙醇与氯气阶梯式反应生成产物为醇合三氯乙醛、水合三氯乙醛和三氯乙醛的混合物，统称为氯油。将氯油与浓硫酸反应，然后采用简单的蒸馏，即可得到三氯乙醛精制品。副产物氯乙烷经水洗、碱洗、干燥、冷凝、蒸馏后包装可供生产农药。氯化氢可用水吸收后生成30%盐酸。原料消耗定额：乙醇（95%）450kg/t、氯气2000kg/t、硫酸700kg/t。

三氯乙醛海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 2913000010