亚氯酸钠

亚氯酸钠用途

【用途一】
用作漂白剂、脱色剂、清毒剂、拔染剂等
【用途二】
用于纸浆、纤维、面粉、淀粉、油脂等的漂白，饮水净化和污水处理，皮革脱毛及制取二氧化氯水溶液等
【用途三】
用于饮水净化，不残留氯气味，处理污水具有杀菌、除酚、除臭作用。本品亦为高效漂白剂，用以漂白织物、纤维、纸浆，具有对纤维损伤小的特点。
【用途四】
在食品工业中用作漂白剂。
【用途五】
为高效漂白剂和氧化剂。主要用做纸浆、纸张和各种纤维，如棉、麻、苇类．黏胶纤维等的漂白，也可漂白砂糖、面粉、淀粉、油脂和蜡等。还用于皮革脱毛、某些金属的表面处理、饮水净化和污水处理等。可用作阴丹士林染色的拔染剂。
【用途六】
亚氯酸钠为高效漂白剂及氧化剂。用于纸浆和各种纤维的漂白，如棉、麻、桑、苇类、粘胶纤维等。也可漂白砂糖、面粉、淀粉、油膏、蜡和油脂等。还用于皮革脱毛，某些金属的表面处理，饮水净化和污水处理等。亦可用于净化焦炉气中微量一氧化氮。

亚氯酸钠名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
7758-19-2

[ 中文名 ]:
亚氯酸钠

[ 英文名 ]:
Sodium chlorite

[中文别名 ]:

白药钠

[英文别名 ]:

EINECS 231-836-6
Chlorite (sodium salt)
MFCD01732064
Sodium chlorite
sodium,chlorite

亚氯酸钠物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
1.28 g/cm3 (20ºC)

[ 沸点 ]:
112ºC

[ 熔点 ]:
190 °C (dec.)

[ 分子式 ]:
ClNaO₂

[ 分子量 ]:
90.442

[ 精确质量 ]:
89.948456

[ PSA ]:
40.13000

[ LogP ]:
0.45190

[ 外观性状 ]:
白色结晶粉末

[ 储存条件 ]:
库房通风低温干燥,与酸、可燃物分开存放

[ 稳定性 ]:
Stable. Incompatible with phosphorus, sulphur, zinc, ammonia, finely powdered metals, strong reducing agents, acids, organic materials.

[ 水溶解性 ]:
39 g/100 mL (17 ºC)

亚氯酸钠毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: VZ4800000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Sodium chlorite

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 7758-19-2

LAST UPDATED :: 199806

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 28

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: Cl-H-O2.Na

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 91.45

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: .NA..G-O2

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 165 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Liver - jaundice, other or unclassified Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - interstitial nephritis Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - other

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 230 mg/m3/4H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 350 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 300 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 365 mg/kg/1Y-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Blood - pigmented or nucleated red blood cells Blood - changes in other cell count (unspecified) Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 182 gm/kg/26W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Liver - liver function tests impaired Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - phosphatases

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 29750 mg/kg/85W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 800 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 8-15 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 16 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 8-15 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 660 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: male 66 day(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 1130 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: male 8 week(s) pre-mating female 2 week(s) pre-mating - 3 week(s) post-birth

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - biochemical and metabolic

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

DOSE :: 160 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 8-15 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

DOSE :: 80 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 8-15 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 22 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 1-21 day(s) after conception lactating female 28 day(s) post-birth

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain)

TYPE OF TEST :: DNA inhibition

TYPE OF TEST :: Sperm Morphology

TYPE OF TEST :: Micronucleus test

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Cytogenetic analysis

TEST SYSTEM :: Rodent - hamster Fibroblast

DOSE/DURATION :: 20 mg/L

REFERENCE :: FCTOD7 Food and Chemical Toxicology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.20- 1982- Volume(issue)/page/year: 22,623,1984 *** REVIEWS *** IARC Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 52,145,1991 IARC Cancer Review:Human No Available Data IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 52,145,1991 IARC Cancer Review:Group 3 IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 52,145,1991 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** EPA FIFRA 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,7740,1989 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 81982 No. of Facilities: 129 (estimated) No. of Industries: 8 No. of Occupations: 13 No. of Employees: 1968 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 81982 No. of Facilities: 532 (estimated) No. of Industries: 20 No. of Occupations: 27 No. of Employees: 18585 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 4817 (estimated)

亚氯酸钠安全信息

[ 符号 ]:

GHS03, GHS05, GHS06, GHS08, GHS09

[ 信号词 ]:
Danger

[ 危害声明 ]:
H271-H301-H310-H314-H373-H410

[ 补充危害声明 ]:
Contact with acids liberates very toxic gas., Corrosive to the respiratory tract.

[ 警示性声明 ]:
Missing Phrase - N15.00950417-P210-P280-P303 + P361 + P353-P305 + P351 + P338-P370 + P378

[ 靶器官 ]:
spleen

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
O:Oxidizingagent;T+:Verytoxic;

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R25;R26;R32;R34;R9

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S17-S26-S36/37/39-S45-S50A-S38-S36

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 2813 4.3/PG 3

[ WGK德国 ]:
2

[ RTECS号 ]:
VZ4800000

[ 包装等级 ]:
II

[ 危险类别 ]:
5.1

[ 海关编码 ]:
2828900000

亚氯酸钠合成路线

详细合成路线

亚氯酸钠上下游产品

亚氯酸钠上游产品

亚氯酸钠下游产品

亚氯酸钠制备

1.电解法

在阳离子交换膜隔成的三室型电解槽中，将二氧化氯气体（含量15%左右，ClO₂︰Cl₂的摩尔比不低于15︰1）通入阴极室，溶于溶液中，在30℃左右从阴极获得亚氯酸根，阳极室中不断通入氯化钠溶液，氯离子放出电子，变成氯气逸出。钠离子则在直流电场作用下，穿过阳极膜进入阴极室与亚氯酸根结合为亚氯酸钠。溶液含量17%～23%，除去微量二氯化氯后，喷雾干燥即得成品。

其反应式如下：

2.过氧化氢法

用空气把原料二氧化氯稀释至10%左右，进入鼓泡式吸收器，再通过蛇管冷凝吕，向吸收器送入含量为30%的过氧化氢，并通入NaOH液（160g/L)，在0～2℃反应。反应结束后，过滤，然后将滤液真空蒸发至350～400 g/L时，移至结晶器，在-5～-10℃下结晶，在70℃以下用空气干燥得成品。

其反应式如右：

3.由24.5g KClO3,20g草酸和21.6g H2SO4(11.8mL，相对密度1.84)与80mL水制得ClO2。把制得的ClO2通入一个盛有200mL水并用冰冷却的锥形瓶中。把橙黄色的ClO2溶液与过量的固体Ba(OH)2·8H2O,和12g 30% H2O2一起摇荡，直到溶液褪色。Ba(OH)2·8H2O较计量数过量31.6g，为了除去溶液中的CO2。抽滤，除去生成的BaCO3。滤液加热至沸，加固体Na2SO4，使过量的Ba2+都成BaSO4沉淀。抽滤除去BaSO4,把滤液在水浴上蒸至NaClO2·3H2O结晶析出。产率54％。

亚氯酸钠海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 2828900000

亚氯酸钠文献

Chemical isolation and characterization of different cellulose nanofibers from cotton stalks.

Carbohydr. Polym. 134 , 581-9, (2015)

Recently, cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) have received wide attention in green nanomaterial technologies. Production of CNFs from agricultural residues has many economic and environmental advantages. In ...

The influence of lignin on steam pretreatment and mechanical pulping of poplar to achieve high sugar recovery and ease of enzymatic hydrolysis.

Bioresour. Technol. 199 , 135-41, (2015)

With the goal of enhancing overall carbohydrate recovery and reducing enzyme loading refiner mechanical pulping and steam pretreatment (210°C, 5 min) were used to pretreat poplar wood chips. Neutral s...

Fabricating electrospun cellulose nanofibre adsorbents for ion-exchange chromatography.

J. Chromatogr. A. 1376 , 74-83, (2015)

Protein separation is an integral step in biopharmaceutical manufacture with diffusion-limited packed bed chromatography remaining the default choice for industry. Rapid bind-elute separation using co...

更多文献