氟化钾

氟化钾用途

【用途一】
用于玻璃雕刻、食物防腐、电镀等，也用作焊接助熔剂、杀虫剂、氟化剂、吸收剂
【用途二】
用作络合滴定隐蔽剂和食物防腐剂，也用于玻璃的雕刻
【用途三】
用于玻璃雕刻、食物防腐、电镀。可用作焊接助熔剂、杀虫剂、有机化合物的氟化剂、催化剂、吸收剂(吸收HF和水分)等。也是制取氟化氢钾的原料。
【用途四】
用于各种玻璃刻蚀,焊接助熔剂，木材防腐剂，农业杀虫剂和农药中间体、制药工业原料、以及有机氟化原料。
【用途五】
络合物形成剂，点滴分析钽，发酵抑制剂，食物防腐剂。

氟化钾名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
7789-23-3

[ 中文名 ]:
氟化钾

[ 英文名 ]:
Potassium fluoride

[中文别名 ]:

无水氟化钾

[英文别名 ]:

EINECS 232-151-5
Potassium fluoride
MFCD00011398

氟化钾物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
2.48

[ 沸点 ]:
1505 °C

[ 熔点 ]:
858 °C(lit.)

[ 分子式 ]:
FK

[ 分子量 ]:
58.097

[ 闪点 ]:
1505°C

[ 精确质量 ]:
57.962109

[ 外观性状 ]:
白色结晶粉末

[ 蒸汽压 ]:
922mmHg at 25°C

[ 折射率 ]:
1.363

[ 储存条件 ]:
Store at RT.

[ 稳定性 ]:
Stable. Protect from moisture. Incompatible with strong acids, strong bases.

[ 水溶解性 ]:
92.3 g/100 mL (18 ºC)

氟化钾MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

氟化钾毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: TT0700000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Potassium fluoride

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 7789-23-3

LAST UPDATED :: 199712

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 39

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: F-K

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 58.10

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: KA F

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 245 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 64 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 40030 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 250 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Amphibian - frog

DOSE/DURATION :: 420 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

DOSE :: 1050 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 1-21 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - other developmental abnormalities

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Mutation in mammalian somatic cells

TEST SYSTEM :: Rodent - mouse Lymphocyte

REFERENCE :: MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 187,165,1987 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-TWA 2.5 mg(F)/m3 DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW AMSSAQ Acta Medica Scandinavica, Supplement. (Almqvist & Wiksell, POB 45150, S-10430 Stockholm, Sweden) No.1-730, 1921-88. Volume(issue)/page/year: 400,5,1963 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 2.5 mg(F)/m3 DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,116,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 2.5 mg(F)/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 2.5 mg(F)/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 2.5 mg(F)/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 2.5 mg(F)/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 2.5 mg(F)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 2.5 mg(F)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 2.5 mg(F)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 2.5 mg(F)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 2.5 mg(F)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 2.5 mg(F)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 1 mg(F)/m3;STEL 2 mg(F)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 2.5 mg(F)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 2.5 mg(F)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-POLAND:TWA 1 mg(F)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 2 mg(F)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 1.8 ppm (1.5 mg(F)/m3);STEL 9.0 ppm JAN 1993 OEL-THAILAND:TWA 2.5 mg(F)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 2.5 mg(F)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 2.5 mg(F)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO FLUORIDES, INORGANIC-air:10H TWA 2.5 mg(F)/m3 REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 60410 No. of Facilities: 1661 (estimated) No. of Industries: 42 No. of Occupations: 33 No. of Employees: 8493 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 60410 No. of Facilities: 1419 (estimated) No. of Industries: 37 No. of Occupations: 29 No. of Employees: 22283 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 3192 (estimated)

氟化钾安全信息

[ 符号 ]:

GHS06

[ 信号词 ]:
Danger

[ 危害声明 ]:
H301 + H311 + H331

[ 警示性声明 ]:
Missing Phrase - N15.00950417-P261-P280-P302 + P352 + P312-P304 + P340 + P312-P403 + P233

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
T:Toxic;

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R23/24/25

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S45-S26

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 1812 6.1/PG 3

[ WGK德国 ]:
3

[ RTECS号 ]:
TT0700000

[ 包装等级 ]:
III

[ 危险类别 ]:
6.1

[ 海关编码 ]:
2826199010

氟化钾制备

1.中和法在中和池内用等量水溶解固体氢氧化钾，然后通入无水氢氟酸(或40%氢氟酸)进行反应，至Ph=7～8时，停止通人无水氢氟酸，静止沉降24h，所得澄清液(含氟化钾40%左右)送至真空蒸发器进行真空浓缩(压力为79993 Pa)、待溶液中含有大部分结晶时，再经过滤(压力为0.2～0.3 Mpa)、真空干燥(压力为79993 Pa)6h，制得氟化钾成品。其反应方程式如下：

2.氢氟酸与碳酸钾反应以制取氟化钾和二水氟化钾。取50g 46%的氢氟酸，置于聚乙烯的烧杯中，加入26g水，使稀释至约30%，在搅拌下缓缓加入约79g碳酸钾（不含氯离子），使溶液呈弱酸性。将溶液通过活性炭过滤。滤液在铂皿或银制蒸发皿中蒸发除去部分水分，冷却后，KF·2H2O成糊状结晶析出。用铂漏斗吸滤，结晶放在滤纸夹层中，真空烘箱脱水（40℃）。不能使其熔融（熔点46℃）。由二水合物脱水可得无水氟化钾。

3.由氟化氢钾热分解可得最纯的氟化钾。将氟化氢钾KHF2置于铂皿中，上面盖一个铂漏斗，在通风橱里加热使之分解，通过漏斗管急速吹入干燥的氮气，以带走产生的HF，纯的氟化钾则留在铂皿中。

4.商品试剂氟化钾一般为“无水”的，但实际上含有一些水。将这种氟化钾磨成细粉，在180一210℃的烘箱中保持48小时。.将其存放于于燥器中。用前将粉状的盐再在180℃于燥3小时，在热的(50℃)玻璃研钵中再次磨细。

氟化钾海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 2826199010

氟化钾文献

Size and molecular flexibility of sugars determine the storage stability of freeze-dried proteins.

Mol. Pharm. 12(3) , 684-94, (2015)

Protein-based biopharmaceuticals are generally produced as aqueous solutions and stored refrigerated to obtain sufficient shelf life. Alternatively, proteins may be freeze-dried in the presence of sug...

Comparison of the Biological Impacts of the Fluoride Compounds by Graphical Risk Visualization Map Technique.

Biol. Trace Elem. Res. 167 , 84-90, (2015)

Various fluoride compounds are widely used in industry. The present risk assessment study was conducted using a series of inorganic binary fluorides of the type XFn, where X(n) = Na(+), K(+), Li(+), M...

Assessment of sediment toxicity in the Lagoon of Venice (Italy) using a multi-species set of bioassays.

Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 123 , 32-44, (2015)

Within the framework of a Weight of Evidence (WoE) approach, a set of four toxicity bioassays involving the amphipod Corophium volutator (10 d lethality test on whole sediment), the sea urchin Paracen...

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氟化钾相关知识

氟化钾有毒吗？氟化钾的注意事项有哪些？

2019-06-14 16:28:58

氟化钾是一种盐，所以又叫钾的氟化盐。白色单斜结晶或结晶性粉末。味咸。易吸湿。溶于水，不溶于乙醇。其水溶液呈碱性，能腐蚀玻璃和瓷器。相对密度2.454。熔点858℃。中等毒，半数致死量（大鼠，经口）245mg/kg。有刺激性。外观与性状：无色立方结晶，易潮解。氟化钾水溶液呈碱性，能腐蚀玻璃和瓷器。中...

氟化钾