毒理学数据:
毒性：LD50334mg/kg(小鼠经口)；158mg/kg(大鼠经口)。急性中毒后可能有器质性的神经疾患，肢体无力及随后的多发性神经炎。对人致死量约40～50ｇ。慢性中毒往往发生类喘息性支气管炎及支气管喘息，慢性胃炎及肝炎、血压降低、心肌营养不良、性机能障碍、甲状腺及肾上腺机能障碍，皮肤会干燥、搔痒、皮炎。落入眼内会引起化脓性结膜炎、角膜溃疡及浑浊等。
CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION
-
RTECS NUMBER :
-
GS6000000
-
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
-
156-62-7
-
LAST UPDATED :
-
199712
-
DATA ITEMS CITED :
-
33
-
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
-
C-N2.Ca
-
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
-
80.11
-
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
-
CA NCN
HEALTH HAZARD DATA
ACUTE TOXICITY DATA
-
TYPE OF TEST :
-
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
-
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
-
Oral
-
SPECIES OBSERVED :
-
Human
-
DOSE/DURATION :
-
571 mg/kg
-
TOXIC EFFECTS :
-
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
-
TYPE OF TEST :
-
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
-
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
-
Oral
-
SPECIES OBSERVED :
-
Rodent - rat
-
DOSE/DURATION :
-
158 mg/kg
-
TOXIC EFFECTS :
-
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
-
TYPE OF TEST :
-
LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
-
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
-
Inhalation
-
SPECIES OBSERVED :
-
Rodent - rat
-
DOSE/DURATION :
-
>150 mg/m3/4H
-
TOXIC EFFECTS :
-
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
-
TYPE OF TEST :
-
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
-
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
-
Intravenous
-
SPECIES OBSERVED :
-
Rodent - rat
-
DOSE/DURATION :
-
125 mg/kg
-
TOXIC EFFECTS :
-
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
-
TYPE OF TEST :
-
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
-
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
-
Unreported
-
SPECIES OBSERVED :
-
Rodent - rat
-
DOSE/DURATION :
-
1 gm/kg
-
TOXIC EFFECTS :
-
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
-
TYPE OF TEST :
-
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
-
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
-
Oral
-
SPECIES OBSERVED :
-
Rodent - mouse
-
DOSE/DURATION :
-
334 mg/kg
-
TOXIC EFFECTS :
-
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
-
TYPE OF TEST :
-
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
-
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
-
Intraperitoneal
-
SPECIES OBSERVED :
-
Rodent - mouse
-
DOSE/DURATION :
-
100 mg/kg
-
TOXIC EFFECTS :
-
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
-
TYPE OF TEST :
-
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
-
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
-
Intravenous
-
SPECIES OBSERVED :
-
Rodent - mouse
-
DOSE/DURATION :
-
282 mg/kg
-
TOXIC EFFECTS :
-
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
-
TYPE OF TEST :
-
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
-
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
-
Oral
-
SPECIES OBSERVED :
-
Rodent - rabbit
-
DOSE/DURATION :
-
1400 mg/kg
-
TOXIC EFFECTS :
-
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
-
TYPE OF TEST :
-
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
-
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
-
Administration onto the skin
-
SPECIES OBSERVED :
-
Rodent - rabbit
-
DOSE/DURATION :
-
590 mg/kg
-
TOXIC EFFECTS :
-
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
-
TYPE OF TEST :
-
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
-
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
-
Oral
-
SPECIES OBSERVED :
-
Rodent - mouse
-
DOSE/DURATION :
-
170 gm/kg/2Y-C
-
TOXIC EFFECTS :
-
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Vascular - tumors
MUTATION DATA
-
TYPE OF TEST :
-
Mutation in microorganisms
-
TEST SYSTEM :
-
Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium
-
REFERENCE :
-
ENMUDM Environmental Mutagenesis. (New York, NY) V.1-9, 1979-87. For publisher information, see EMMUEG. Volume(issue)/page/year: 5(Suppl 1),3,1983 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 0.5 mg/m3 DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** EPA FIFRA 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,7740,1989 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 0.5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRIA:TWA 1 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 0.5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 0.5 mg/m3;STEL 1.5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 0.5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 1 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 0.5 mg/m3;STEL 1 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 0.5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 1 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 0.5 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 0.5 mg/m3;STEL 1 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO CALCIUM CYANAMIDE-air:10H TWA 0.5 mg/m3 REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 15730 No. of Facilities: 287 (estimated) No. of Industries: 2 No. of Occupations: 2 No. of Employees: 12607 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 15730 No. of Facilities: 249 (estimated) No. of Industries: 2 No. of Occupations: 3 No. of Employees: 4390 (estimated)
|
2.先将纯HCN在CaCl2及P2O5干燥器中干燥，然后收集在充分冷却的接受器中，数量为理论量的三倍。将氮气鼓泡导入容器(最好掺些氨气)以置换HCN，另于瓷管中放置装有CaCO3的瓷舟。当瓷管温度达700℃或850℃时，导入HCN。将HCN接受器升温至18℃，加热3h可得产物。