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100-42-5

100-42-5结构式
100-42-5结构式
  • 常用中文名:苯乙烯
  • 常用英文名:Styrene
  • CAS号:100-42-5
  • 分子式:C8H8
  • 分子量:104.149
  • 相关类别: 有机原料 烃类化合物及其衍生物 芳香烃
  • 发布时间:2018-02-05 08:00:00
  • 更新时间:2024-01-01 19:28:36
  • 【用途一】
    用于有机合成和树脂的合成
    【用途二】
    主要用作聚苯乙烯、合成橡胶、工程塑料、离子交换树脂等的原料
    【用途三】
    用于配制镀铜光亮剂,起整平及光亮作用
    【用途四】
    最重要的用途是作为合成橡胶和塑料的单体,用来生产丁苯橡胶、聚苯乙烯、泡沫聚苯乙烯;也用于与其他单体共聚制造多种不同用途的工程塑料。如与丙烯腈、丁二烯共聚制得ABS树脂,广泛用于各种家用电器及工业上;与丙烯腈共聚制得的SAN是耐冲击、色泽光亮的树脂;与丁二烯共聚所制得的SBS是一种热塑性橡胶,广泛用作聚氯乙烯、聚丙烯的改性剂等。此外,少量苯乙烯也用作香料等中间体。苯乙烯经氯甲基化得到肉桂基氯用作非麻醉性镇痛剂强痛定的中间体,苯乙烯还用作镇咳祛痰的易咳嗪、抗胆碱药胃长宁的原药。
    【用途五】
    电子显微镜分析,有机合成。
    【用途六】
    电子显微镜分析,有机合成。用于ICP-AES、AAS、AFS、ICP-MS、离子色谱等。滴定分析用标准溶液。校准仪器和装置;评价方法;工作标准;质量保证/质量控制;其他。

化源商城直购

中文名 苯乙烯
英文名 styrene
中文别名 肉桂烯
英文别名 EINECS 202-851-5
Styreen
MFCD00008612
Styron
Styrene
Sryrene
Styrole
STYROL
Stirolo
Styren
SYRENE
密度 0.9±0.1 g/cm3
沸点 145.2±7.0 °C at 760 mmHg
熔点 -31 °C
分子式 C8H8
分子量 104.149
闪点 31.1±0.0 °C
精确质量 104.062599
LogP 2.70
外观性状 透明无色
蒸汽密度 3.6 (vs air)
蒸汽压 6.2±0.1 mmHg at 25°C
折射率 1.558
储存条件

1.储存注意事项通常商品加有阻聚剂。储存于阴凉、通风的库房。远离火种、热源。库温不宜超过37℃。包装要求密封,不可与空气接触。应与氧化剂、酸类分开存放,切忌混储。不宜大量储存或久存。采用防爆型照明、通风设施。禁止使用易产生火花的机械设备和工具。储区应备有泄漏应急处理设备和合适的收容材料。

2.用镀锌铁桶包装,包装时加入阻聚剂,贮存于低温(25℃以下)或冷藏仓库内,以防聚合变质。应远离火源,不得在日光下直接曝晒。贮存期为一个月。按易燃有毒物品规定贮运。

稳定性

1.在热、光或过氧化物作用下容易聚合,聚合时放出大量热,有引起爆炸的危险。爆炸极限1.10%-6.10%(体积分数)。苯乙烯有有毒。在热、光或过氧化物作用下容易发生聚合作用,通常需加入81mg/m3的丁基邻苯二酚作阻聚剂。在酸性催化剂、离子催化剂存在下也易发生聚合。用铂、镍等作催化剂在温和条件下加氢得到乙苯,加氢过量时生成乙基环己烷。氧化铬作催化剂氧化时生成苯甲酸。

2.本品有毒。毒性比苯弱。苯乙烯具有引人发笑的臭味,在25×10-6就可以明显地察觉到。在50×10-6就会感到不快,但在这样浓度下,尚无毒害作用。随浓度升高,则刺激性增强,可刺激皮肤,呼吸道。在通风不良的室内进食时会刺激胃黏膜。高浓度时有麻醉作用。苯乙烯与苯不同,不会造成慢性中毒,因为苯乙烯在生物体内容易被氧化成苯甲酸、苯基甘醇、苯乙醇酸等,进而成为马尿酸或葡萄糖酸酯而被排出体外。空气中最高容许浓度为420mg/m3。生产设备应密闭,防止跑、冒、滴、漏。注意个人防护,工作时应穿戴个人防护用具。操作人员进行定期检查,有呼吸系统疾病、肝脏病、肾脏病或血液病者,不宜从事本操作。

3.苯乙烯刺激皮肤和黏膜,有麻醉作用,对血液和肝有轻度损害作用。吸入1%的蒸气数分钟即失去知觉。与苯不同的是不会造成慢性中毒,车间空气中最高容许浓度40mg/m3。人吸入其蒸气会引起中毒。在空气中允许浓度不超过0.1mg/L。

4.稳定性 稳定

5.禁配物 强氧化剂、酸类、卤素等

6.避免接触的条件 受热

7.聚合危害 聚合

水溶解性 0.3 g/L (20 ºC)
凝固点 -30.6℃
分子结构

1、摩尔折射率:37.17

2、摩尔体积(cm3/mol):115.3

3、等张比容(90.2K):272.2

4、表面张力(dyne/cm):30.9

5、介电常数:2.35

6、偶极距(10-24cm3):

7、极化率:14.73

计算化学

1、疏水参数计算参考值(XlogP):2.9

2、氢键供体数量:0

3、氢键受体数量:0

4、可旋转化学键数量:1

5、互变异构体数量:

6、拓扑分子极性表面积(TPSA):0

7、重原子数量:8

8、表面电荷:0

9、复杂度:68.1

10、同位素原子数量:0

11、确定原子立构中心数量:0

12、不确定原子立构中心数量:0

13、确定化学键立构中心数量:0

14、不确定化学键立构中心数量:0

15、共价键单元数量:1

更多

1.性状:无色透明油状液体

2.熔点(℃):-30.6

3.沸点(℃):146

4.相对密度(水=1):0.99(25℃)

5.相对蒸气密度(空气=1):3.6

6.饱和蒸气压(kPa):0.7(20℃)

7.燃烧热(kJ/mol):-4376.9

8.临界温度(℃):369

9.临界压力(MPa):3.81

10.辛醇/水分配系数:3.2

11.闪点(℃):31

12.引燃温度(℃):490

13.爆炸上限(%):6.8

14.爆炸下限(%):0.9

15.溶解性:不溶于水,溶于乙醇、乙醚等多数有机溶剂。

16.黏度(mPa·s,25ºC):0.696

17.蒸发热(KJ/mol, 25ºC):43.96

18.熔化热(KJ/mol):10.95

19.生成热(KJ/mol,25ºC,气体):147.46

20.生成热(KJ/mol,25ºC,液体):103.96

21.燃烧热(KJ/mol,25ºC,气体,定压):4441.78(H2O液体,CO2气体)

22.燃烧热(KJ/mol,25ºC,气体,定压):4265.64(H2O气体,CO2气体)

23.燃烧热(KJ/mol,25ºC,液体,压力):4398.28(H2O液体,CO2气体)

24.燃烧热(KJ/mol,25ºC,液体,压力):4222.14(H2O气体,CO2气体)

25.比热容(KJ/(kg·K),25.16ºC,定压):1.17

26.溶解度(%,25ºC,水):0.031

27.体膨胀系数(K-1):0.00097

28.相对密度(20℃,4℃):0.90600

29.常温折射率(n25):1.5420

30.溶度参数(J·cm-3)0.5:19.127

31.van der Waals面积(cm2·mol-1):8.270×109

32.van der Waals体积(cm3·mol-1):66.250

33.气相标准燃烧热(焓)(kJ·mol-1):-4439.3

34.气相标准声称热(焓)( kJ·mol-1) :147.9

35.气相标准熵(J·mol-1·K-1) :345.10

36.气相标准生成自由能( kJ·mol-1):214.42

37.气相标准热熔(J·mol-1·K-1):122.09

38.液相标准燃烧热(焓)(kJ·mol-1):-4395.2

39.液相标准声称热(焓)( kJ·mol-1):103.8

40.液相标准熵(J·mol-1·K-1) :237.57

41.液相标准生成自由能( kJ·mol-1):202.38

42.液相标准热熔(J·mol-1·K-1):182.84

第一部分:化学品名称
化学品中文名称: 不饱和聚酯树脂
化学品英文名称: Unsaturated polyester resin
中文俗名或商品名:
Synonyms:
CAS No.: 100-42-5
分子式: 无资料
分子量: 无资料
第二部分:成分/组成信息
纯化学品混合物
化学品名称:不饱和聚酯树脂
有害物成分 含量 CAS No.
第三部分:危险性概述
危险性类别:
侵入途径: 吸入、食入、皮肤接触
健康危害: 对眼和上呼吸道粘膜有刺激和麻醉作用。急性中毒:高浓度时,立即引起眼及上呼吸道粘膜的刺激,出现眼痛、流泪、流涕、喷嚏、咽痛、咳嗽等,继之头痛、头晕、恶心、呕吐、全身乏力等;严重者可有眩晕、步态蹒跚。眼部受苯乙烯液体污染时,可致灼伤。慢性影响:常见神经衰弱综合征,有头痛、乏力、恶心、食欲减退、腹胀、忧郁、健忘、指颤等。对呼吸道有刺激作用,长期接触有时引起阻塞性肺部病变。皮肤粗糙、皲裂和增
环境危害: 对环境有严重危害,对水体、土壤和大气可造成污染。
燃爆危险: 本品易燃,为可疑致癌物,具刺激性。
第四部分:急救措施
皮肤接触: 脱去污染的衣着,用肥皂水和清水彻底冲洗皮肤。
眼睛接触: 立即提起眼睑,用大量流动清水或生理盐水彻底冲洗至少15分钟。就医。
吸入: 迅速脱离现场至空气新鲜处。保持呼吸道通畅。如呼吸困难,给输氧。如呼吸停止,立即进行人工呼吸。就医。
食入: 饮足量温水,催吐。就医。
第五部分:消防措施
危险特性: 其蒸气与空气可形成爆炸性混合物,遇明火、高热或与氧化剂接触,有引起燃烧爆炸的危险。遇酸性催化剂如路易斯催化剂、齐格勒催化剂、硫酸、氯化铁、氯化铝等都能产生猛烈聚合,放出大量热量。其蒸气比空气重,能在较低处扩散到相当远的地方,遇火源会着火回燃。
有害燃烧产物: 一氧化碳、二氧化碳。
灭火方法及灭火剂: 尽可能将容器从火场移至空旷处。喷水保持火场容器冷却,直至灭火结束。灭火剂:泡沫、干粉、二氧化碳、砂土。用水灭火无效。遇大火,消防人员须在有防护掩蔽处操作。
消防员的个体防护:
禁止使用的灭火剂:
闪点(℃): 32.2
自燃温度(℃):
爆炸下限[%(V/V)]: 1.1
爆炸上限[%(V/V)]: 6.1
最小点火能(mJ):
爆燃点:
爆速:
最大燃爆压力(MPa):
建规火险分级:
第六部分:泄漏应急处理
应急处理: 迅速撤离泄漏污染区人员至安全区,并进行隔离,严格限制出入。切断火源。建议应急处理人员戴自给正压式呼吸器,穿防毒服。尽可能切断泄漏源。防止流入下水道、排洪沟等限制性空间。小量泄漏:用活性炭或其它惰性材料吸收。也可以用不燃性分散剂制成的乳液刷洗,洗液稀释后放入废水系统。大量泄漏:构筑围堤或挖坑收容。用泡沫覆盖,降低蒸气灾害。用防爆泵转移至槽车或专用收集器内,回收或运至废物处理场所处置。
第七部分:操作处置与储存
操作注意事项: 密闭操作,加强通风。操作人员必须经过专门培训,严格遵守操作规程。建议操作人员佩戴过滤式防毒面具(半面罩),戴化学安全防护眼镜,穿防毒物渗透工作服,戴橡胶耐油手套。远离火种、热源,工作场所严禁吸烟。使用防爆型的通风系统和设备。防止蒸气泄漏到工作场所空气中。避免与氧化剂、酸类接触。灌装时应控制流速,且有接地装置,防止静电积聚。搬运时要轻装轻卸,防止包装及容器损坏。配备相应品种和数量的消防器材及泄漏应急处理设备。倒空的容器可能残留有害物。
储存注意事项: 通常商品加有阻聚剂。储存于阴凉、通风的库房。远离火种、热源。库温不宜超过30℃。包装要求密封,不可与空气接触。应与氧化剂、酸类分开存放,切忌混储。不宜大量储存或久存。采用防爆型照明、通风设施。禁止使用易产生火花的机械设备和工具。储区应备有泄漏应急处理设备和合适的收容材料。
第八部分:接触控制/个体防护
最高容许浓度:
监测方法:
工程控制: 生产过程密闭,加强通风。
呼吸系统防护: 空气中浓度超标时,建议佩戴过滤式防毒面具(半面罩)。紧急事态抢救或撤离时,建议佩戴隔离式呼吸器。
眼睛防护: 化学安全防护眼镜。
身体防护: 穿防毒物渗透工作服。
手防护: 防化学品手套
其他防护: 工作现场禁止吸烟、进食和饮水。工作完毕,淋浴更衣。保持良好的卫生习惯。
第九部分:理化特性
外观与性状: 无色透明油状液体,尖锐苯乙烯气味
pH:
熔点(℃):
沸点(℃): 145
相对密度(水=1):
相对蒸气密度(空气=1): 3.6
饱和蒸气压(kPa):
燃烧热(kJ/mol):
临界温度(℃):
临界压力(MPa):
辛醇/水分配系数的对数值:
闪点(℃): 32.2
引燃温度(℃):
爆炸上限%(V/V): 6.1
爆炸下限%(V/V): 1.1
分子式: 无资料
分子量: 无资料
蒸发速率:
粘性:
溶解性: 微溶于水
主要用途:
第十部分:稳定性和反应活性
稳定性: 在常温常压下
禁配物: 强氧化剂、酸类。
避免接触的条件: 光照、空气。
聚合危害:
分解产物:
第十一部分:毒理学资料
急性毒性:
急性中毒:
慢性中毒:
亚急性和慢性毒性:
刺激性:
致敏性:
致突变性:
致畸性:
致癌性:
第十二部分:生态学资料
生态毒理毒性:
生物降解性:
非生物降解性:
生物富集或生物积累性:
第十三部分:废弃处置
废弃物性质:
废弃处置方法:
废弃注意事项:
第十四部分:运输信息
危险货物编号:
UN编号:
包装标志:
包装类别:
包装方法:
运输注意事项:
RETCS号:
IMDG规则页码:
第十五部分:法规信息
国内化学品安全管理法规:
国际化学品安全管理法规:
第十六部分:其他信息
参考文献: 1.周国泰,化学危险品安全技术全书,化学工业出版社,1997 2.国家环保局有毒化学品管理办公室、北京化工研究院合编,化学品毒性法规环境数据手册,中国环境科学出版社.1992 3.Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety,CHEMINFO Database.1998 4.Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety, RTECS Database, 1989
填表时间: 年月日
填表部门:
数据审核单位:
修改说明:
其他信息:
MSDS修改日期: 年月日

毒理学数据:

1.急性毒性

LD50:1000mg/kg(大鼠经口);316mg/kg(小鼠经口)

LC50:24000mg/m3(大鼠吸入,4h)

2.刺激性

家兔经皮:500mg,轻度刺激(开放性刺激试验)。

家兔经眼:100mg,重度刺激。

3.亚急性与慢性毒性 动物于6.3~9.3g/m3,每天7h,6~12个月,130~264次,出现眼、鼻刺激症状。

4.致突变性 微生物致突变试验:鼠伤寒沙门菌1μmol/皿。DNA抑制:人Hela细胞28mmol/L。姐妹染色体交换:人吸入1204mg/m3(5a)。

5.致畸性 雌性大鼠孕后6~15d,用最低中毒剂量(TDLo)11470mg/kg经口染毒,致泌尿生殖系统畸形。

6.致癌性 IARC致癌性评论:G2B,可疑人类致癌物。

生态学数据:

1.生态毒性

IC50:67~200mg/L(72h)(藻类)

LC50:68mg/L(24h)(卤虫幼体);46~59mg/L(96h)(黑头呆鱼);5mg/L(96h)(蓝鳃太阳鱼,软水)

2.生物降解性

好氧生物降解(h):336~672

厌氧生物降解(h):1344~2688

3.非生物降解性 空气中光氧化半衰期(h):0.9~7.3

4.其他有害作用 该物质对环境有严重危害,应特别注意对地表水、土壤、大气和饮用水的污染,对水生生物应给予特别注意。由于其挥发性强,在大气中易被光解,也可被生物降解和化学降解,即能被特异的菌丛所破坏,亦能被空气中的氧所氧化成苯甲醚、甲醛及少量苯乙醇。

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
WL3675000
CHEMICAL NAME :
Styrene
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
100-42-5
LAST UPDATED :
199801
DATA ITEMS CITED :
133
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
C8-H8
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
104.16
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
1U1R

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
Non-standard exposure
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human
TYPE OF TEST :
Open irritation test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
TYPE OF TEST :
Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
TYPE OF TEST :
Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
TYPE OF TEST :
Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
TYPE OF TEST :
LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human
DOSE/DURATION :
10000 ppm/30M
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human
DOSE/DURATION :
600 ppm
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - effect, not otherwise specified Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - effect, not otherwise specified
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human
DOSE/DURATION :
20 ug/m3
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - effect, not otherwise specified
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
2650 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Liver - other changes
TYPE OF TEST :
LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
12 gm/m3/4H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
898 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
316 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
9500 mg/m3/4H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
660 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
90 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
4000 ppm/4H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION :
12 gm/m3/14H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Behavioral - muscle weakness Behavioral - antipsychotic
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - species unspecified
DOSE/DURATION :
>1500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
17200 mg/kg/14W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - other changes Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - phosphatases Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - dehydrogenases
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
3200 mg/kg/4W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of endocrine pancreas Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
23190 mg/kg/15D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes Vascular - regional or general arteriolar constriction Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - monoamine oxidase
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
40 gm/kg/2Y-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Brain and Coverings - changes in brain weight Behavioral - fluid intake Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
3150 mg/kg/7D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - other oxidoreductases Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - other transferases
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
50 mg/m3/24H/70D-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Blood - changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count Blood - changes in leukocyte (WBC) count Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - true cholinesterase
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
2000 ppm/8H/32W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - sensory change involving peripheral nerve Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
6 gm/m3/8H/26W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - effect, not otherwise specified Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - effect, not otherwise specified
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
3500 mg/kg/7D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - other changes Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - other Enzymes
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
8400 mg/kg/7W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - other changes Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - lipids including transport
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
10 gm/kg/10D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
1500 ppm/6H/13W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - effect, not otherwise specified Behavioral - fluid intake
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
300 ppm/6H/2W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes Liver - other changes
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
500 mg/kg/4W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of endocrine pancreas Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
500 ppm/90D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi Liver - hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Related to Chronic Data - death
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
250 ppm/6H/14D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Liver - changes in liver weight Related to Chronic Data - death
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
250 ppm/6H/5D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - changes in liver weight Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - dehydrogenases Related to Chronic Data - death
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
50 mg/m3/4H/17W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Blood - changes in bone marrow (not otherwise specified) Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - other proteins
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION :
3200 mg/kg/4W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of endocrine pancreas Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION :
6 gm/m3/8H/26W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - effect, not otherwise specified Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - acute pulmonary edema Related to Chronic Data - death
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
100 ppm/4H/5D/1Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages - tumors Blood - leukemia
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
8600 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 1-22 day(s) after conception lactating female 21 day(s) post-birth
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
5575 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
multigenerations
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - weaning or lactation index (e.g., # alive at weaning per # alive at day 4)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
4 gm/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
11470 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - urogenital system
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
293 ppm/6H
SEX/DURATION :
female 7-21 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
1500 ug/m3/24H
SEX/DURATION :
female 1-22 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
5 mg/m3/24H
SEX/DURATION :
female 1-22 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - stillbirth Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - weaning or lactation index (e.g., # alive at weaning per # alive at day 4)
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
1500 ug/m3/24H
SEX/DURATION :
female 1-7 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea) Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
500 ppm/6H
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-16 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
1000 ppm/6H
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-18 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)
TYPE OF TEST :
Cytogenetic analysis
TYPE OF TEST :
Sister chromatid exchange
TYPE OF TEST :
Cytogenetic analysis
TYPE OF TEST :
Sister chromatid exchange
TYPE OF TEST :
Sperm Morphology
TYPE OF TEST :
Micronucleus test
TYPE OF TEST :
DNA damage
TYPE OF TEST :
Sister chromatid exchange
TYPE OF TEST :
Sister chromatid exchange
TYPE OF TEST :
Sperm Morphology

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
Cytogenetic analysis
TEST SYSTEM :
Rodent - hamster Lung
REFERENCE :
ATSUDG Archives of Toxicology, Supplement. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) No.1- 1978- Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,41,1980 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-STEL 170 mg/m3 (40 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 85 mg/m3 (20 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 IARC Cancer Review:Animal Limited Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,231,1979 IARC Cancer Review:Animal Limited Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 60,233,1994 IARC Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,231,1979 IARC Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 60,233,1994 IARC Cancer Review:Group 2B IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 60,233,1994 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW EVHPAZ EHP, Environmental Health Perspectives. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) No.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 11,115,1975 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW EVHPAZ EHP, Environmental Health Perspectives. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) No.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 11,163,1975 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CMTVAS Cahiers de Medecine du Travail. (Association Professionnelle Belge des Medecine du Travail, rue du Bultia, 6280 Gerpinnes, Belgium) V.1- 1963- Volume(issue)/page/year: 10(3),49,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CBINA8 Chemico-Biological Interactions. (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1969- Volume(issue)/page/year: 22,117,1978 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW IGAYAY Igaku No Ayumi. Progress in Medicine. (Ishiyaku Shuppan K.K., 1-7-10, Honkomagom, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan) V.1- 1946- Volume(issue)/page/year: 106,105,1978 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 100 ppm (420 mg/m3) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,235,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 100 ppm;CL 200;Pk 600/5M/3H CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 100 ppm (420 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 100 ppm (420 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 100 ppm (420 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 50 ppm (215 mg/m3);STEL 100 ppm (425 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 50 ppm (213 mg/m3);STEL 100 ppm (426 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 25 ppm (105 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 20 ppm (85 mg/m3);STEL 100 ppm (420 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 50 ppm (215 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 20 ppm (85 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:STEL 50 mg/m3;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-JAPAN:TWA 50 ppm (210 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 100 ppm (420 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 100 ppm (420 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-POLAND:TWA 100 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 25 ppm (110 mg/m3);STEL 75 ppm (300 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 50 ppm (215 mg/m3);STEL 100 ppm (430 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THAILAND:TWA 100 ppm;STEL 200 ppm JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 100 ppm (420 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 100 ppm (420 mg/m3);STEL 260 ppm JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO STYRENE-air:10H TWA 50 ppm;STEL 100 ppm REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 70130 No. of Facilities: 16394 (estimated) No. of Industries: 137 No. of Occupations: 117 No. of Employees: 292018 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 70130 No. of Facilities: 24702 (estimated) No. of Industries: 154 No. of Occupations: 115 No. of Employees: 333212 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 86902 (estimated)

符号 GHS02 GHS07 GHS08
GHS02, GHS07, GHS08
信号词 Danger
危害声明 H226-H315-H319-H332-H361d-H372
警示性声明 P201-P210-P261-P280-P304 + P340 + P312-P308 + P313
个人防护装备 Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face respirator (US);Gloves;multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US);type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter
危害码 (欧洲) Xn:Harmful
风险声明 (欧洲) R10;R20;R36/38
安全声明 (欧洲) S23-S36-S26-S16-S45-S36/37-S7
危险品运输编码 UN 2055 3/PG 3
WGK德国 2
RTECS号 WL3675000
包装等级 III
危险类别 3
海关编码 2902500000
上游产品  1

下游产品  0

1.乙苯催化脱氢法:以乙苯为原料,在催化剂作用下,加热至600℃产生脱氢反应制得粗品,经精馏后制得成品。或者以苯和乙烯为原料,在三氯化铝催化剂存在下,由高温烷基化反应制得乙苯,乙苯在真空下催化脱氢制成粗品,经精馏制得成品。

100-42-5 preparation

工艺过程:乙苯在蒸发器中经烟道气加热蒸发后,进入预热器,用反应气体预热至400℃,再在炉内加热至560℃以上,将水蒸气与乙苯(其量为1.5-2)混合后,经加热至560℃以上,进入列管反应器,反应器由直径100mm的含铬管子组成,管内放入催化剂,管外用烟道气加热,维持床层温度在580-610℃;反应产物经过冷凝、分离水层,所得粗苯乙烯经蒸馏、真空精馏而得成品,含量99.5%,收率92%-94%。
此法所用催化剂主要为活性氧化锌。其他催化剂有105号催化剂(Fe2O387%,KOH11%,Cr2O322%),有的以三氧化二铁为主,加入氧化铬、氯化铜等助催化剂,涂于氯化镁或碳酸钾等载体上,脱氢反应器有列管式和绝热式。前者催化剂层温度较为均匀,一般维持在580-610℃,在绝热器中为了维持热平衡,进料需预热至650左右。因此,在列管式反应器中裂解副反应少,收率较绝热式反应器约高3%,水蒸气耗量可少一半左右。
负压脱氢法的工艺过程为:原料乙苯经过本系统回收的余热进行预热、蒸发,再与过热蒸汽混合,达620-640℃进入反应器,与催化剂接触进行脱氢反应。为了保持反应在最佳温度下进行,反应器设计采用两段并在中间进行再加热,也可以直接设计成两个反应器。第一反应器床层温度一般在620-530℃,出口温度600-530℃,床层保持一定的压力降。第二反应器床层温度一般在620-580℃,出口温度590-580℃,床层同样要保持一定在压力降。总蒸汽配比1.5:1左右。在一般情况下,经色谱法分析,其转化率>38%,选择性>95%,苯乙烯在炉油中的含量>57%为比较理想,反应后得到的炉油,经过两级精馏(即粗苯乙烯精馏与精苯乙烯精馏),就可得到符合要求的苯乙烯产品。精馏是在负压下进行,采用机械抽真空和蒸汽喷射泵都可以达到真空要求。炉油中没有参加反应乙苯可通过回收系统循环使用。反应中焦油控制在0.2%以下。
消耗定额:乙苯<1.1t,循环水<200t,蒸汽<5.3t,电<54.7KW·h/t。
新的苯乙烯工艺是:将乙苯脱氢生成的氢和氧进行反应生成水,反应平衡发生移动同时提供反应所需的热量。反应生成物和原来工艺完全相同,粗苯乙烯成分主要含有未反应的乙苯、苯乙烯、苯和甲苯。排出的气体主要是氢、甲烷、乙烯和二氧化碳。氧源可以使用空气、由变压吸附或膜分离制取的富氧空气,或者液状纯氧。和氧一起送往反应器的氮全部进入排入气中。

100-42-5 preparation

2.乙苯、丙烯共氧化法:乙苯经空气氧化制得氢过氧化物,再与丙烯进行环氧化合成环氧丙烷,联产的α-苯乙醇经脱水得苯乙烯;苯乙酮加氢可得α-苯乙醇。

100-42-5 preparation

1)乙苯氧化 反应温度100-150℃,压力0.3-0.5MPa,反应时间3-5h,以乙苯氢过氧化物为引发剂,无水碳酸钠为助剂,用空气(110-160h-1)液相氧化而得乙苯氢过氧化物。
2)环氧化 丙烯与乙苯氢过氧化物反应,其配比为(5-10):1(mol),催化剂用量钼为0.002mol,反应温度90-110℃,反应时间40-60min,自复压力1.96-3.92MPa,反应结束后,可得α-苯乙醇和环氧乙烷。
3)苯乙醇脱水 反应在固定床、气相、常压下进行。该反应为吸热反应,脱水温度为250-260℃,以水蒸气为稀释剂,水与醇比为5mol,空速(液醇)为5h-1,催化剂为二氧化钛。在此条件下,α-苯乙醇的转化率达87%-92%,苯乙烯单程收率在85%,选择性可达95%以上。该法除了获得苯乙烯之外,还可联产环氧乙烷。

3.苯乙酮法:由乙苯氧化制苯乙酮,再由苯乙酮加氢制α-苯乙醇,α-苯乙醇脱水制苯乙烯(与上法第三步相同)。此法收率比乙苯催化剂脱氢法低,只有78%-80%,反应步骤,成本高。

4.制法:

100-42-5 preparation

于装有搅拌器、回流冷凝器、温度计的反应瓶中,加入喹啉70g,苯酚0.5g,电热套加热至190℃。另将a-氯代乙苯(2)70g(0.5mol)加热至150℃,将其迅速加入到上述反应瓶中,将混合物加热15min,在此时间内使混合物温度降至170~150℃。冷却后将其倒入100mL,10%的稀盐酸中,充分搅拌。分出上层有机层,水洗两次,无水氯化钙干燥。减压分馏,收集40~50℃/2.67~3.3KPa的馏分,得苯乙烯(1)45g,收率87%。注:①加入苯酚的目的是防止苯乙烯的聚合,苯酚为聚合抑制剂。②粗产品中含少量的未反应的a-氯代乙苯,分馏时可以除去(50~80℃/2.67~3.3KPa)。

5.制法:

100-42-5 preparation

于装有分馏装置的500mL反应瓶中,加入粉状的肉桂酸(2)148g(1.0mol),对苯二酚2g,几粒沸石。于接受瓶中加入0.5g对苯二酚。用电热套加热反应瓶,直至有苯乙烯开始镏出。调节热源,使分馏柱顶端温度保持在120℃左右,不得超过130℃.当不再有苯乙烯蒸馏出来时停止反应,约需4~5h。将馏出物中加入100mL水,加热蒸馏,苯乙烯合水一起蒸馏出来,直至无油状物馏出。分出油状物,无水氯化钙干燥,减压蒸馏,收集44~46℃/5.3kPa的馏分,得苯乙烯(1)40g,收率38%。

6.制法

100-42-5 preparation

于装有温度计、空气冷凝器的反应瓶中,加入肉桂酸(2)59g(0.4mol),喹啉129g,无水硫酸铜6g,氢醌0.15g,电热套加热。当升至250℃时,反应物变得很黑,并产生气泡。当升温至280~290℃时,分解速度加快,同时蒸出苯乙烯与喹啉的混合物,沸点由150℃逐渐升至200℃,反应结束时达到220~230℃。镏出液用过量的盐酸酸化,分出有机层,依次用水、碳酸钠溶液、水洗涤。加入0.1g氢醌,无水氯化钙干燥,减压蒸馏,收集71~72℃/9.31kPa的馏分,得苯乙烯(1)35g,收率84%。 注:①水层中含有喹啉盐酸盐,间化后水蒸汽蒸馏,可回收90%的喹啉。
  

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