1-Sulfooxymethylpyrene is an electrophilic mutagen and ultimate carcinogen of 1-methyl- and 1-hydroxymethylpyrene.

J Horn, J W Flesher, A F Lehner

Index: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 228(1) , 105-9, (1996)

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Abstract

1-Hydroxymethylpyrene and 1-sulfooxymethylpyrene were tested for complete carcinogenic activity by repeated s.c. injection in groups of 12 female Sprague-Dawley rats, respectively. A dose of 0.2 mumol of either 1-sulfooxymethylpyrene or 1-hydroxymethylpyrene was administered every other weekday for 20 doses (i.e., total dose 4 mumol) to each of 12 rats, beginning at 30 days of age. Once a week the rats were weighed then palpated for the appearance of tumors. Tumor-bearing rats were sacrificed 20-50 days after the appearance of first palpable tumor. By 52 weeks, 1-sulfooxymethylpyrene had induced sarcomas at the site of injection in 58% of the rats with an average induction time of 33 weeks. By contrast, 20, 0.2 mumol doses of 1-hydroxymethylpyrene failed to induce tumors at the site of injection in a group of 12 rats. Similarly, neither of the two control groups produced tumors. The present experiment, together with previous data, strongly supports the hypothesis that 1-sulfooxymethylpyrene is either itself an ultimate carcinogen or a direct precursor of an ultimate carcinogen, the highly reactive benzylic carbonium ion, which reacts with DNA to form aralkyl-DNA adducts in a chain of events leading to malignant growth.