acetyl-dl-carnitine hydrochloride

Names

[ Name ]:
acetyl-dl-carnitine hydrochloride

[Synonym ]:
rac. Acetylcarnitinchlorid
Acetylcarnitin-chlorid
rac. Acetyl-carnithin
EINECS 219-709-3
O-Acetylcarnitinhydrochlorid
Acetyl dl-carnitine chloride
MFCD00080826
Evans Blue tetrasodium salt
Acetyl-DL-carnitine hydrochloride

Biological Activity

[Description]:

(±)-Acetylcarnitine chloride (Acetyl dl-carnitine chloride) is a weak cholinergic agonist with cholinergic properties. (±)-Acetylcarnitine chloride is an important intermediate in lipid metabolism[1][2].

[Related Catalog]:

Signaling Pathways >> Others >> Others

Research Areas >> Neurological Disease

[In Vitro]

Large increases of Acetylcarnitine concentration during the flight of the blowfly and the presence of an active Acetylcarnitine transferase indicate that Acetylcarnitine is important in carbohydrate metabolism. Acetylcarnitine has been synthesized by the choline acetylase system isolated from brain tissue and is destroyed by cholinesterase[2].

[In Vivo]

In rats, the infusion of 2 mg (±)-Acetylcarnitine chloride decreases blood flow through the hind limb vasculature 50%. (±)-Acetylcarnitine chloride also potentiates the inhibitory effect of adrenaline on the isolated rabbit duodenum[3].

[References]

[1]. R A Chalmers, et al. Urinary excretion of l-carnitine and acylcarnitines by patients with disorders of organic acid metabolism: evidence for secondary insufficiency of l-carnitine. Pediatr Res. 1984 Dec;18(12):1325-8.

[2]. R L Sass, et al. Acetylcarnitine: on the relationship between structure and function. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1973 Dec 10;55(3):736-42.

[3]. R T Louis-Ferdinand, et al. Flow decrease through rat hind limb vasculature by (plus or minus)-carnitine, (plus or minus)-acetylcarnitine and (plus or minss)-chloroacetylcarnitine chlorides. J Pharm Pharmacol. 1970 Sep;22(9):704-5.

Chemical & Physical Properties

[ Molecular Formula ]:
C₉H₁₈ClNO₄

[ Molecular Weight ]:
239.69700

[ Exact Mass ]:
239.09200

[ PSA ]:
63.60000

[ Storage condition ]:
−20°C

MSDS

Click to get detail MSDS

Toxicological Information

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: BP2979200

CHEMICAL NAME :: Ammonium, (3-carboxy-2-hydroxypropyl)trimethyl-, chloride, acetate, (+-)-

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 2504-11-2

LAST UPDATED :: 198912

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 1

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C9-H17-N-O4.Cl

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 7400 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral - fluid intake Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cyanosis

REFERENCE :: ABMGAJ Acta Biologica et Medica Germanica. (Berlin, Ger. Dem. Rep.) V.1-41, 1958-82. For publisher information, see BBIADT. Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,28,1959

Safety Information

[ RIDADR ]:
NONH for all modes of transport

[ WGK Germany ]:
3

[ RTECS ]:
BP2979200

Precursor & DownStream

Precursor

DownStream

Articles

In HepG2 cells, coexisting carnitine deficiency masks important indicators of marginal biotin deficiency.

J. Nutr. 145(1) , 32-40, (2015)

A large number of birth defects are related to nutrient deficiencies; concern that biotin deficiency is teratogenic in humans is reasonable. Surprisingly, studies indicate that increased urinary 3-hyd...

Sodium-dependent carnitine transport in human placental choriocarcinoma cells.

Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1284 , 109-117, (1996)

The JAR human placental choriocarcinoma cells were found to transport carnitine into the intracellular space by a Na(+)-dependent process. The transport showed no requirement for anions. The Na+-depen...

Photoaffinity labelling of carnitine acetyltransferase with S-(p-azidophenacyl)thiocarnitine.

Biochem. J. 237 , 533-540, (1986)

A photolabile reagent, p-azidophenacyl-DL-thiocarnitine, was synthesized and tested as a photoaffinity label for carnitine acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.7) from pigeon breast. p-Azidophenacyl-DL-thiocar...