BQCA

Names

[ Name ]:
BQCA

[Synonym ]:
bqca
3-Quinolinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-1-[(4-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-4-oxo-
1-(4-Methoxybenzyl)-4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid

Biological Activity

[Description]:

BQCA a highly selective allosteric modulator of the M1 mAChR.

[Related Catalog]:

Signaling Pathways >> GPCR/G Protein >> mAChR

Signaling Pathways >> Neuronal Signaling >> mAChR

Research Areas >> Neurological Disease

[In Vitro]

BQCA reduces the concentration of ACh required to activate M1 up to 129-fold with an inflection point value of 845 nM. No potentiation, agonism, or antagonism activity on other mAChRs is observed up to 100 μM[1]. BQCA increases M1 receptor affinity for acetylcholine. The activation of the M1 receptor by BQCA induces a robust inward current and increases spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) pyramidal cells[2].

[In Vivo]

BQCA requires M1 to promote inositol phosphate turnover in primary neurons and to increase c-fos and arc RNA expression and ERK phosphorylation in the brain. BQCA reverses scopolamine-induced memory deficits in contextual fear conditioning, increases blood flow to the cerebral cortex, and increases wakefulness while reducing delta sleep. BQCA induces β-arrestin recruitment to M1, suggesting a role for this signal transduction mechanism in the cholinergic modulation of memory[1]. BQCA increases firing of mPFC pyramidal cells in vivo. BQCA also restores discrimination reversal learning in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease[2].

[Kinase Assay]

Competition binding reactions used 25 μg human M1 CHO membrane protein, BQCA or vehicle, and 0.15 nM [3H]NMS in 96-well deep-well plates. Binding reactions (30 °C for 2-3 h) are terminated by rapid filtration. Nonspecific binding is determined by adding 10 μM atropine. Filter plates are ished 4×with ice-cold 20 mM HEPES, 100 mM NaCl, and 5 mM MgCl2, pH 7.4 using a 96-well harvester. Plates are dried and radioactivity counted with a microplate scintillation counter[1].

[Animal admin]

Rats: Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 225-250 g, are injected i.p. with the micro-suspension (containing 10% tween 80) of BQCA at the dose of 10 mg/kg. The blood and whole brain tissue samples are collected at 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 8 h. Blood samples are collected through cardiac puncture in EDTA vacutainer tubes. The plasma is separated by centrifugation and stored at −80°C until analysis. The animals are decapitated and the whole brain tissue are removed and immediately frozen on dry ice[2]. Mice: Mice are dosed I.P. with BQCA in 5% beta-cyclodextrin and/or 0.3 mg/kg scopolamine in 0.9% saline 30 min before placement into a chamber for 2 min before 2 tone-footshock pairings (3 kHz, 85 dB tone for 30 s co-terminated with a 0.5 mA, 1 s shock) 2 min apart. Mice are removed to their home cage 30 s after the last pairing. Twenty-four hours later mice are placed into the same chamber and freezing is measured by Video Freeze[1].

[References]

[1]. Ma L, et al. Selective activation of the M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor achieved by allosteric potentiation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Sep 15;106(37):15950-5.

[2]. Shirey JK, et al. A selective allosteric potentiator of the M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptorincreases activity of medial prefrontal cortical neurons and restores impairments in reversal learning. J Neurosci. 2009 Nov 11;29(45):14271-86.

[Related Small Molecules]

Chemical & Physical Properties

[ Density]:
1.3±0.1 g/cm3

[ Boiling Point ]:
492.6±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ Molecular Formula ]:
C₁₈H₁₅NO₄

[ Molecular Weight ]:
309.316

[ Flash Point ]:
251.7±28.7 °C

[ Exact Mass ]:
309.100098

[ PSA ]:
68.53000

[ LogP ]:
2.83

[ Vapour Pressure ]:
0.0±1.3 mmHg at 25°C

[ Index of Refraction ]:
1.649

[ Storage condition ]:
2-8℃

MSDS

Click to get detail MSDS

Safety Information

[ Symbol ]:

GHS07

[ Signal Word ]:
Warning

[ Hazard Statements ]:
H302

[ RIDADR ]:
NONH for all modes of transport

[ HS Code ]:
2933499090

Customs

[ HS Code ]: 2933499090

[ Summary ]:
2933499090. other compounds containing in the structure a quinoline or isoquinoline ring-system (whether or not hydrogenated), not further fused. VAT:17.0%. Tax rebate rate:13.0%. . MFN tariff:6.5%. General tariff:20.0%

Articles

Detecting quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid in animal tissues by using sensitive rapid enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay.

Food Chem. 175 , 85-91, (2015)

An indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ic-ELISA) and time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (TR-FIA) based on an anti-N-butylquinoxaline-2-carboxamide (BQCA) monoclonal antibody were stan...