Gabexate mesylate

Gabexate Mesylate is a Factor X inhibitor; serine protease inhibitor .Target: Factor XGabexate mesylate is a non-antigenic synthetic inhibitor of trypsin-like serine proteinases that is therapeutically used in the treatment of pancreatitis and disseminated intravascular coagulation and as a regional anticoagulant for hemodialysis. Values of the inhibition constant (K(i)) for gabexate mesylate binding to human and bovine tryptase were 3.4 x 10(-9) M and 1.8 x 10(-7) M (at pH 7.4 and 37.0 degrees ), respectively. Gabexate mesylate inhibited the fibrinogenolytic activity of human tryptase [1]. Gabexate Mesylate decreased the TNFalpha production of LPS-stimulated monocytes as shown by the inhibition of mRNA expression and increased the IL-10 production of LPS-stimulated monocytes. Gabexate Mesylate also suppressed the NFkappaB activity of LPS-stimulated monocytes. Inhibitory effect of Gabexate Mesylate on the TNFalpha production of activated human monocytes is mediated by the suppression of NFkappaB activation [2]. Gabexate mesylate inhibits competitively constitutive and inducible NO synthase (cNOS and iNOS, respectively), with Kivalues of 1.0×10?4M and 5.0×10?3M, respectively, at pH 7.4 and 37.0°C. gabexate mesylate increases iNOS mRNA expression in rat C6 glioma cells, as induced byE. colilipopolysaccharide plus interferon-γ. Gabexate mesylate inhibits dose-dependently nitrite production (i.e. NO release) in rat C6 glioma cells, as induced byE. colilipopolysaccharide plus interferon-γ [3].

Signaling Pathways >> Metabolic Enzyme/Protease >> Factor Xa

Signaling Pathways >> Metabolic Enzyme/Protease >> Proteasome

Research Areas >> Inflammation/Immunology

[1]. Erba, F., et al., Selective inhibition of human mast cell tryptase by gabexate mesylate, an antiproteinase drug. Biochem Pharmacol, 2001. 61(3): p. 271-6.

[2]. Aosasa, S., et al., Mechanism of the inhibitory effect of protease inhibitor on tumor necrosis factor alpha production of monocytes. Shock, 2001. 15(2): p. 101-5.

[3]. Colasanti, M., et al., Effect of gabexate mesylate (FOY), a drug for serine proteinase-mediated diseases, on the nitric oxide pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 1998. 246(2): p. 453-6.

MG-132 | Celastrol | ONX-0914 (PR-957) | Pepstatin | Epoxomicin | Ixazomib (MLN2238) | Calpain Inhibitor I | Oprozomib (ONX 0912) | PD150606 | Fondaparinux Sodium | CEP-18770 (Delanzomib) | RA190 | Capzimin | Betrixaban | PI 1840

MOLECULAR FORMULA :

C16-H23-N3-O4.C-H4-O3-S

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :

417.53

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :

MUYZM5VOR DVO2 &WSQ1

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

6480 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands

REFERENCE :

OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,743,1975

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

4020 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,743,1975

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

79 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,743,1975

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

8 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands

REFERENCE :

OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,743,1975

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

4500 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Skin and Appendages - corrosive (after topical exposure)

REFERENCE :

OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,743,1975

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

218 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - urine volume increased

REFERENCE :

YACHDS Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. (Raifu Saiensu Shuppan K.K., 2-5-13, Yaesu, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104, Japan) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,1203,1987

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :

20 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - mydriasis (pupillary dilation) Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea

REFERENCE :

NYKZAU Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi. Japanese Journal of Pharmacology. (Nippon Yakuri Gakkai, c/o Kyoto Daigaku Igakubu Yakurigaku Kyoshitsu, Konoe-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan) V.40- 1944- Volume(issue)/page/year: 71,71,1975

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :

50 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea

REFERENCE :

NYKZAU Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi. Japanese Journal of Pharmacology. (Nippon Yakuri Gakkai, c/o Kyoto Daigaku Igakubu Yakurigaku Kyoshitsu, Konoe-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan) V.40- 1944- Volume(issue)/page/year: 71,71,1975 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

1120 mg/kg/14D-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Blood - normocytic anemia Skin and Appendages - dermatitis, other (after systemic exposure)

REFERENCE :

YACHDS Yakuri to Chiryo. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. (Raifu Saiensu Shuppan K.K., 2-5-13, Yaesu, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104, Japan) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,1209,1987

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :

1680 mg/kg/8W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Endocrine - changes in spleen weight Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Related to Chronic Data - death

REFERENCE :

OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,743,1975