Omeprazole sodium monohydrate

Omeprazole sodium (H 16868 sodium), a proton pump inhibitor (PPI), is available for treatment of acid-related gastrointestinal disorders. Omeprazole sodium shows competitive inhibition of CYP2C19 activity with a Ki of 2 to 6 μM[1]. Omeprazole sodium also inhibits growth of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria[2]. Omeprazole is a potent brain penetrant neutral sphingomyelinase (N-SMase) inhibitor (exosome inhibitor)[3].

Research Areas >> Cancer

Research Areas >> Infection

Signaling Pathways >> Metabolic Enzyme/Protease >> Phospholipase

Signaling Pathways >> Autophagy >> Autophagy

Research Areas >> Metabolic Disease

Signaling Pathways >> Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel >> Proton Pump

Signaling Pathways >> Anti-infection >> Bacterial

Omeprazole (H 16868) is a proton pump inhibitor used in the treatment of dyspepsia, peptic ulcer disease, gastroesophageal reflux disease, laryngopharyngeal reflux, and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Omeprazole (H 16868) virtually eliminated intragastric acidity in all patients: the median 24 hour intragastric pH rose from 1.4 to 5.3 and the mean hourly hydrogen ion activity fell from 38.50 to 1.95 mmol(mEq)/1 (p less than 0.001). This inhibition of 24 hour intragastric acidity is more profound than that previously reported with either cimetidine 1 g daily or ranitidine 300 mg daily[1]. The pharmacokinetics of omeprazole were studied in a group of healthy male subjects after single and repeated oral doses of 30 and 60 mg. Absorption of Omeprazole (H 16868) from its enteric-coated formulation was unpredictable. There was a highly significant increase in the area under the plasma concentration time curve (AUC) after repeated dosing. Omeprazole (H 16868) increases its own relative availability following repeated dosing. This may be due to inhibition of gastric acid secretion by omeprazole which is an acid-labile compound[2]. Omeprazole sodium is a potent brain penetrant neutral sphingomyelinase (N-SMase) inhibitor (exosome inhibitor)[3].

[1]. Li XQ, et al. Comparison of inhibitory effects of the proton pump-inhibiting drugs omeprazole, esomeprazole, lansoprazole, pantoprazole, and rabeprazole on human cytochrome P450 activities. Drug Metab Dispos. 2004 Aug;32(8):821-7.

[2]. Jonkers D, et al. Omeprazole inhibits growth of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria including Helicobacter pylori in vitro. J Antimicrob Chemother. 1996 Jan;37(1):145-50.

[3]. Huarui Zhang, et al. Advances in the discovery of exosome inhibitors in cancer. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem. 2020 Dec;35(1):1322-1330.

MOLECULAR FORMULA :

C17-H18-N3-O3-S.Na.H2-O

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :

385.45

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

278 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea

REFERENCE :

OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 49,479,1995

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :

400 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands

REFERENCE :

OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 49,497,1995 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

4550 mg/kg/13W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Gastrointestinal - other changes Skin and Appendages - dermatitis, other (after systemic exposure)

REFERENCE :

OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 49,479,1995

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :

328 mg/kg/13W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in bladder weight

REFERENCE :

OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 49,497,1995 ** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

DOSE :

8400 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

male 9 week(s) pre-mating female 2 week(s) pre-mating - 7 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, sperm duct Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea) Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

REFERENCE :

OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 49,573,1995

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

DOSE :

83200 ug/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 17-21 day(s) after conception lactating female 21 day(s) post-birth

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain)

REFERENCE :

OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 49,573,1995