Ritonavir

Modify Date: 2024-01-02 09:43:43

Ritonavir Structure
Ritonavir structure
 Common Name Ritonavir
CAS Number 155213-67-5 Molecular Weight 720.944
Density 1.2±0.1 g/cm3 Boiling Point 947.0±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Molecular Formula C37H48N6O5S2 Melting Point 120-122°C
MSDS Chinese USA Flash Point 526.6±34.3 °C
Symbol GHS07
GHS07		 Signal Word Warning

 Use of Ritonavir


Ritonavir is an inhibitor of HIV protease used to treat HIV infection and AIDS.

 Names

Name ritonavir
Synonym More Synonyms

 Ritonavir Biological Activity

Description Ritonavir is an inhibitor of HIV protease used to treat HIV infection and AIDS.
Related Catalog
In Vitro Ritonavir is an inhibitor of CYP3A4 mediated testosterone 6β-hydroxylation with mean Ki of 19 nM and also inhibits tolbutamide hydroxylation with IC50 of 4.2 μM[1]. Ritonavir is found to be a potent inhibitor of CYP3A-mediated biotransformations (nifedipine oxidation with IC50 of 0.07 mM, 17alpha-ethynylestradiol 2-hydroxylation with IC50 of 2 mM; terfenadine hydroxylation with IC50 of 0.14 mM). Ritonavir is also an inhibitor of the reactions mediated by CYP2D6 (IC50=2.5 mM) and CYP2C9/10 (IC50=8.0 mM)[2]. Ritonavir results in an increase in cell viability in uninfected human PBMC cultures. Ritonavir markedly decreases the susceptibility of PBMCs to apoptosis correlated with lower levels of caspase-1 expression, decreases in annexin V staining, and reduces caspase-3 activity in uninfected human PBMC cultures. Ritonavir inhibits induction of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) production by PBMCs and monocytes in a time- and dose-dependent manner at nontoxic concentrations[3]. Ritonavir inhibits p-glycoprotein-mediated extrusion of saquinavir with an IC50 of 0.2 μM, indicating a high affinity of ritonavir for p-glycoprotein[4]. Ritonavir inhibits human liver microsomal metabolism of ABT-378 potently with Ki of 13 nM. Ritonavir combined with ABT-378 (at 3:1 and 29:1 ratios) inhibits CYP3A (IC50=1.1 and 4.6 μM), albeit less potently than Ritonavir (IC50=0.14 μM)[5].
References

[1]. Eagling VA, et al. Differential inhibition of cytochrome P450 isoforms by the protease inhibitors, ritonavir, saquinavir and indinavir. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1997 Aug;44(2):190-4.

[2]. Kumar GN, et al. Cytochrome P450-mediated metabolism of the HIV-1 protease inhibitor ritonavir (ABT-538) in human liver microsomes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1996 Apr;277(1):423-31.

[3]. Weichold FF, et al. HIV-1 protease inhibitor ritonavir modulates susceptibility to apoptosis of uninfected T cells. J Hum Virol. 1999 Sep-Oct;2(5):261-9.

[4]. Drewe J, et al. HIV protease inhibitor ritonavir: a more potent inhibitor of P-glycoprotein than the cyclosporine analog SDZ PSC 833. Biochem Pharmacol. 1999 May 15;57(10):1147-52.

[5]. Kumar GN, et al. Potent inhibition of the cytochrome P-450 3A-mediated human liver microsomal metabolism of a novel HIV protease inhibitor by ritonavir: A positive drug-drug interaction. Drug Metab Dispos. 1999 Aug;27(8):902-8.

 Chemical & Physical Properties

Density 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point 947.0±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point 120-122°C
Molecular Formula C37H48N6O5S2
Molecular Weight 720.944
Flash Point 526.6±34.3 °C
Exact Mass 720.312744
PSA 202.26000
LogP 5.28
Vapour Pressure 0.0±0.3 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction 1.600
Storage condition -20°C Freezer

 Safety Information

Symbol GHS07
GHS07
Signal Word Warning
Hazard Statements H302 + H312 + H332
Precautionary Statements P261-P280-P301 + P312 + P330
Hazard Codes Xi
Risk Phrases R36/38:Irritating to eyes and skin .
Safety Phrases 26-37/39
RIDADR NONH for all modes of transport
RTECS XA5310000
HS Code 2942000000

 Customs

HS Code 2942000000

 Articles39

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 Synonyms

[5S-(5R*,8R*,10R*,11R*)]-10-Hydroxy-2-methyl-5-(1-methylethyl)-1-[2-(1-methylethyl)-4-thiazolyl]-3,6-dioxo-8,11-bis(phenylmethyl)-2,4,7,12-tetraazatridecan-13-oic acid 5-thiazolylmethyl ester
Norvir
Ritonavir
EINECS 208-127-9
N-[(2S,4S,5S)-4-Hydroxy-1,6-diphenyl-5-{[(1,3-thiazol-5-ylmethoxy)carbonyl]amino}hexan-2-yl]-N-{[(2-isopropyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl](methyl)carbamoyl}-L-valinamide
Ritonavi
Carbamic acid, N-[(1S,2S,4S)-2-hydroxy-4-[[(2S)-3-methyl-2-[[[methyl[[2-(1-methylethyl)-4-thiazolyl]methyl]amino]carbonyl]amino]-1-oxobutyl]amino]-5-phenyl-1-(phenylmethyl)pentyl]-, 5-thiazolylmethyl ester
ABT-538
(1E,2S)-N-[(2S,4S,5S)-4-Hydroxy-5-{(E)-[hydroxy(1,3-thiazol-5-ylmethoxy)methylene]amino}-1,6-diphenyl-2-hexanyl]-2-[(E)-(hydroxy{[(2-isopropyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl](methyl)amino}methylene)amino]-3-methylbutanimidic acid
1,3-Thiazol-5-ylmethyl-[(1S,2S,4S)-1-benzyl-2-hydroxy-4-({(2S)-3-methyl-2-[(methyl{[2-(1-methylethyl)-1,3-thiazol-4-yl]methyl}carbamoyl)amino]butanoyl}amino)-5-phenylpentyl]carbamat
N-[(1S,3S,4S)-1-benzyl-3-hydroxy-5-phenyl-4-{[(1,3-thiazol-5-ylmethoxy)carbonyl]amino}pentyl]-N-(methyl{[2-(1-methylethyl)-1,3-thiazol-4-yl]methyl}carbamoyl)-L-valinamide
[(1S,2S,4S)-1-benzyl-2-hydroxy-4-({(2S)-3-méthyl-2-[(méthyl{[2-(1-méthyléthyl)-1,3-thiazol-4-yl]méthyl}carbamoyl)amino]butanoyl}amino)-5-phénylpentyl]carbamate de 1,3-thiazol-5-ylméthyle
Butanimidic acid, N-[(1S,3S,4S)-3-hydroxy-4-[[(1E)-hydroxy(5-thiazolylmethoxy)methylene]amino]-5-phenyl-1-(phenylmethyl)pentyl]-2-[[(1E)-hydroxy[methyl[[2-(1-methylethyl)-4-thiazolyl]methyl]amino]methylene]amino]-3-methyl-, (1E,2S)-
N-[(2S,4S,5S)-4-Hydroxy-1,6-diphenyl-5-{[(1,3-thiazol-5-ylmethoxy)carbonyl]amino}-2-hexanyl]-N-{[(2-isopropyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl](methyl)carbamoyl}-L-valinamide
carbamic acid, [(1S,2S,4S)-2-hydroxy-4-[[(2S)-3-methyl-2-[[[methyl[[2-(1-methylethyl)-4-thiazolyl]methyl]amino]carbonyl]amino]-1-oxobutyl]amino]-5-phenyl-1-(phenylmethyl)pentyl]-, 5-thiazolylmethyl es
N-[(2S,4S,5S)-4-hydroxy-1,6-diphenyl-5-{[(1,3-thiazol-5-ylmethoxy)carbonyl]amino}hexan-2-yl]-N2-(methyl{[2-(propan-2-yl)-1,3-thiazol-4-yl]methyl}carbamoyl)-L-valinamide
Liponavir Core
1,3-thiazol-5-ylmethyl [(1S,2S,4S)-1-benzyl-2-hydroxy-4-({(2S)-3-methyl-2-[(methyl{[2-(1-methylethyl)-1,3-thiazol-4-yl]methyl}carbamoyl)amino]butanoyl}amino)-5-phenylpentyl]carbamate
A-84538 ABT-538 Abbott 84538
Norvi
(2S,3S,5S)-5-[N-[N-[[N-methyl-N-[(2-isopropyl-4-thiazolyl)methyl]amino]carbonyl]valinyl]amino]-2-[N-[(5-thiazolyl)methoxycarbonyl]amino]-1,6-diphenyl-3-hydroxyhexane
RITONA
MFCD04115732
carbamic acid, [(1S,2S,4S)-2-hydroxy-4-[[(2S)-3-methyl-2-[[[methyl[[2-(1-methylethyl)-4-thiazolyl]methyl]amino]carbonyl]amino]-1-oxobutyl]amino]-5-phenyl-1-(phenylmethyl)pentyl]-, 5-thiazolylmethyl ester
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