Spectinomycin

Modify Date: 2024-01-04 06:12:09

Spectinomycin Structure
Spectinomycin structure
 Common Name Spectinomycin
CAS Number 1695-77-8 Molecular Weight 332.35000
Density 1.43 g/cm3 Boiling Point 583.1ºC at 760 mmHg
Molecular Formula C14H24N2O7 Melting Point 185ºC
MSDS USA Flash Point N/A

 Use of Spectinomycin


Spectinomycin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic and inhibits the growth of a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. Spectinomycin acts by selectively targeting to the bacterial ribosome and interrupting protein synthesis. Spectinomycin is also a noncompetitive inhibitor of td intron RNA[1][2][3][4][5].

 Names

Name spectinomycin
Synonym More Synonyms

 Spectinomycin Biological Activity

Description Spectinomycin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic and inhibits the growth of a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. Spectinomycin acts by selectively targeting to the bacterial ribosome and interrupting protein synthesis. Spectinomycin is also a noncompetitive inhibitor of td intron RNA[1][2][3][4][5].
Related Catalog
Target

bacterial ribosomal subunit[5]

In Vitro Spectinomycin selectively inhibits protein synthesis in cells and in extracts of Escherichia coli. Spectinomycin (50 μg/mL) inhibits Escherichia coli growth rapidly and reversibly, and suppresses amino acid incorporation immediately[1]. Spectinomycin (1 μg/mL or 3 μM) inhibits polypeptide synthesis directed either by endogenous messenger RNA or by MS-2 bacteriophage RNA, with maximum inhibition of 70-80% in extracts of Escherichia coli[1]. Spectinomycin blocks the translocation of peptidyl-tRNAs from A-site to P-site by inhibiting the binding of elongation factor G to the ribosome[2]. Spectinomycin interacts specifically with the residues G1064 and 01192 in 16S rRNA and potentially makes it inactive[2]. Spectinomycin exhibits splicing inhibition and dependent on pH changes and Mg2+ concentration, indicating electrostatic interactions with the intron RNA[3].
In Vivo Spectinomycin (20 mg/kg; i.m.; 20-100 mg/kg; 9 d) shows the safety in healthy chicks[4]. Spectinomycin (10 mg/kg; i.v.; single dose) has the major elimination pathway by renal excretion, approximately 55% is excreted into the urine in unchanged form[5]. Pharmacokinetics of Spectinomycin in Rat[5] Parameter C0 (μg/mL) AUC0-∞ (μg•h/mL) Vd (L/kg) CL (L/h/kg) MRT (h) T1/2α (h) T1/2β (h) T1/2γ (h) fe CLrenal (L/h/kg) Eratio Non atrioventricular analysis 44.3 16.8 0.756 0.602 0.757 / / / 0.553 0.359 1.00 Three-compartment model 37.8 15.7 0.747 0.649 1.11 / 0.237 0.754 19.5 / / Animal Model: Arbor Acres plus broiler chicks (15-day-old)[4] Dosage: 20 mg/kg, 60 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg Administration: Intramuscular injection (chest muscles); 9 days Result: Showed biosecurity of 20 mg/kg by complete blood count, biochemical parameters, histopathological, clinical signs, body weight gain, and feed conversion ratio (FCR). Resulted minor toxicity of 60 mg/kg.
References

[1]. Davies J, et al. Inhibition of protein synthesis by spectinomycin. Science. 1965 Sep 3;149(3688):1096-8.

[2]. Brink MF, et al. Spectinomycin interacts specifically with the residues G1064 and C1192 in 16S rRNA, thereby potentially freezing this molecule into an inactive conformation. Nucleic Acids Res. 1994 Feb 11;22(3):325-31.

[3]. Park IK, et al. Spectinomycin inhibits the self-splicing of the group 1 intron RNA. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Mar 16;269(2):574-9.

[4]. Khan EA, et al. Safety evaluation study of lincomycin and spectinomycin hydrochloride intramuscular injection in chickens. Toxicol Rep. 2022 Jan 29;9:204-209.

[5]. Madhura DB, et al. Pharmacokinetic profile of spectinomycin in rats. Pharmazie. 2013 Aug;68(8):675-6.

 Chemical & Physical Properties

Density 1.43 g/cm3
Boiling Point 583.1ºC at 760 mmHg
Melting Point 185ºC
Molecular Formula C14H24N2O7
Molecular Weight 332.35000
Exact Mass 332.15800
PSA 129.51000
Vapour Pressure 5.05E-16mmHg at 25°C

 Toxicological Information

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
UQ0332500
CHEMICAL NAME :
4H-Pyrano(2,3-b)(1,4)benzodioxin-4-one, decahydro-4a,7,9-trihydroxy-2-methyl-6,8- bis(methylamino)-
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
1695-77-8
LAST UPDATED :
199706
DATA ITEMS CITED :
10
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
C14-H24-N2-O7
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
332.40
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
T C666 BO DO GV IOTJ E1 HQ KM1 LQ MM1 NQ

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
>5 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
BCFAAI Bollettino Chimico Farmaceutico. (Societa Editoriale Farmaceutica, Via Ausonio 12, 20123 Milan, Italy) V.33- 1894- Volume(issue)/page/year: 111,265,1972
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
5724 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
BCFAAI Bollettino Chimico Farmaceutico. (Societa Editoriale Farmaceutica, Via Ausonio 12, 20123 Milan, Italy) V.33- 1894- Volume(issue)/page/year: 111,265,1972
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
20 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
AACHAX Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (1961-70). (Ann Arbor, MI) 1961-70. For publisher information, see AMACCQ. Volume(issue)/page/year: -,507,1961
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
2 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
85FZAT "Index of Antibiotics from Actinomycetes," Umezawa, H. et al., eds., Tokyo, Univ. of Tokyo Press, 1967 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,105,1967
TYPE OF TEST :
LD - Lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION :
>1 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
AACHAX Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (1961-70). (Ann Arbor, MI) 1961-70. For publisher information, see AMACCQ. Volume(issue)/page/year: -,507,1961
TYPE OF TEST :
LD - Lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
>2 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - muscle weakness Behavioral - ataxia Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting
REFERENCE :
AACHAX Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (1961-70). (Ann Arbor, MI) 1961-70. For publisher information, see AMACCQ. Volume(issue)/page/year: -,507,1961
TYPE OF TEST :
LD - Lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Primate - monkey
DOSE/DURATION :
>500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
AACHAX Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (1961-70). (Ann Arbor, MI) 1961-70. For publisher information, see AMACCQ. Volume(issue)/page/year: -,507,1961
TYPE OF TEST :
LD - Lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION :
>800 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - ataxia
REFERENCE :
AACHAX Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (1961-70). (Ann Arbor, MI) 1961-70. For publisher information, see AMACCQ. Volume(issue)/page/year: -,507,1961
TYPE OF TEST :
LD - Lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
>40 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
REFERENCE :
AACHAX Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (1961-70). (Ann Arbor, MI) 1961-70. For publisher information, see AMACCQ. Volume(issue)/page/year: -,507,1961 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X7549 No. of Facilities: 14 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 1 No. of Employees: 432 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 203 (estimated)

 Safety Information

Hazard Codes Xn
HS Code 3003209000

 Customs

HS Code 3003209000

 Synonyms

antibiotic2233wp
EINECS 216-911-3
togamycin
spectinomicina
Spectinomycin
Spectacin
espectinomicina
spectam
trobicin
actinospectacin
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