Thalidomide

Modify Date: 2024-01-02 16:42:30

Thalidomide Structure
Thalidomide structure
 Common Name Thalidomide
CAS Number 50-35-1 Molecular Weight 258.229
Density 1.5±0.1 g/cm3 Boiling Point 509.7±43.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Molecular Formula C13H10N2O4 Melting Point 269-271°C
MSDS Chinese USA Flash Point 262.1±28.2 °C
Symbol GHS07 GHS08
GHS07, GHS08		 Signal Word Danger

 Use of Thalidomide


Thalidomide is initially promoted as a sedative, inhibits ereblon (CRBN), a part of the cullin-4 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex CUL4-RBX1-DDB1, with a Kd of ∼250 nM, and has immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic cancer properties.

 Names

Name 2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione
Synonym More Synonyms

 Thalidomide Biological Activity

Description Thalidomide is initially promoted as a sedative, inhibits ereblon (CRBN), a part of the cullin-4 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex CUL4-RBX1-DDB1, with a Kd of ∼250 nM, and has immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic cancer properties.
Related Catalog
Target

Kd: ∼250 nM (CRL4CRBN)[1]

In Vitro Thalidomide is initially promoted as a sedative, has immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic cancer properties, and targets ereblon (CRBN), a part of the cullin-4 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex CUL4-RBX1-DDB1, with a Kd of ∼250 nM[1]. Thalidomide (50 μg/mL) potentiates the anti-tumor activity of icotinib against the proliferation of both PC9 and A549 cells, and this effect is correlated with apoptosis and cell migration. In addition, Thalidomide and icotinib inhibits the EGFR and VEGF-R2 pathways in PC9 cells[3].
In Vivo Thalidomide (100 mg/kg, p.o.) inhibits the collagen deposition, down-regulates the mRNA expression level of α-SMA and collagen I, and significantly reduces the pro-inflammatory cytokines in RILF mice. Thalidomide alleviates RILF via suppression of ROS and down-regulation of TGF-β/Smad pathway dependent on Nrf2 status[2]. Thalidomide (200 mg/kg, p.o.) combined with icotinib shows synergistic anti-tumor effects in nude mice bearing PC9 cells, suppressing tumor growth and promoting tumor death[3].
Cell Assay THP-1 cells, A549 cells and KYSE30 cells are cultured in RPMI-1640 Medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and maintained at 37 °C in an atmosphere of 5% CO2 and 95% room air. THP-1 cells is irradiated with a single dose of 4 Gy 6-MV X-ray and treated with or without Thalidomide (0.2 μmol/mL)-containing medium for 48 h after radiation. The concentration of Thalidomide is selected based on the preliminary results[2].
Animal Admin Mice[2] A total of 24 WT C57BL/6 mice are randomly divided into 4 groups for the experiments (n = 6 in each group): a control group, an irradiated group, a group irradiated along with Thalidomide, and a Thalidomide only group. Based on the preliminary results, 100 mg/kg Thalidomide is used in the experiment. Thalidomide is dissolved in DMSO vehicle. The treatment group receives the indicated dose of Thalidomide in 200  μL by gavage every other day beginning on day 1 for six treatments. The control mice receives 200 μL 0.1% DMSO contained-saline only. The lungs are harvested at 12 weeks after irradiation for the analysis. A total of 20 Nrf2-/- mice are randomly divided into 4 groups for the experiments (n = 5 in each group). The experiment procedures of Nrf2-/- mice are the same as WT C57BL/6 mice. In addition, a total of 30 WT C57BL/6 mice are randomly divided into 5 groups for the subsequent experiments (n = 6 in each group): a control group, an irradiated group, a group irradiated along with CDDO-Me and Thalidomide, a group irradiated along with CDDO-Me, and a group irradiated along with Thalidomide. 600 ng and 100 mg/kg are selected as the dose of CDDO-Me and Thalidomide for the experiment, respectively. The treatment group receives the indicated dose of CDDO-Me or Thalidomide in 200 μL by gavage every other day beginning on day 1 for six times. For the combined group of CDDO-Me and Thalidomide, CDDO-Me is delivered in 200 μL by gavage every other day beginning on day 1 for six treatments. Thalidomide is delivered in 200  μL by gavage every other day beginning on day 2 for six treatments[2].
References

[1]. Fischer ES, et al. Structure of the DDB1-CRBN E3 ubiquitin ligase in complex with thalidomide. Nature. 2014 Aug 7;512(7512):49-53.

[2]. Bian C, et al. Thalidomide (THD) alleviates radiation induced lung fibrosis (RILF) via down-regulation of TGF-β/Smad3 signaling pathway in an Nrf2-dependent manner. Free Radic Biol Med. 2018 Dec;129:446-453.

[3]. Sun X, et al. Synergistic Inhibition of Thalidomide and Icotinib on Human Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinomas Through ERK and AKT Signaling. Med Sci Monit. 2018 May 15;24:3193-3203.

 Chemical & Physical Properties

Density 1.5±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point 509.7±43.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point 269-271°C
Molecular Formula C13H10N2O4
Molecular Weight 258.229
Flash Point 262.1±28.2 °C
Exact Mass 258.064056
PSA 83.55000
LogP 0.54
Vapour Pressure 0.0±1.3 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction 1.646
Storage condition Store at RT
Stability Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
Water Solubility 45% (w/v) aq 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin: 0.6 mg/mL | <0.1 g/100 mL at 22 ºC

 Toxicological Information

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
TI4375000
CHEMICAL NAME :
Phthalimide, N-(2,6-dioxo-3-piperidyl)-
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
50-35-1
BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. :
0030233
LAST UPDATED :
199706
DATA ITEMS CITED :
85
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
C13-H10-N2-O4
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
258.25
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
T56 BVNVJ C- DT6VMVTJ

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
113 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
1550 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
>6 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
2 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
800 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
>5 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION :
>1538 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
21500 mg/kg/43W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - recording from afferent nerve
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
34 gm/kg/57W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
2 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 30 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
17500 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 1-5 week(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - cardiovascular (circulatory) system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
2 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 29 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
16 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 28-35 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - other developmental abnormalities
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
560 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
male 14 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial (including nose and tongue)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
500 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 10-14 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
500 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 7-11 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
1050 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 1-21 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - extra-embryonic structures (e.g., placenta, umbilical cord) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
28 gm/kg
SEX/DURATION :
male 3 day(s) pre-mating female 3 day(s) pre-mating - 22 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - cardiovascular (circulatory) system Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - urogenital system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
200 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 15 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - skin and skin appendages Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
DOSE :
1200 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 9-11 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - cardiovascular (circulatory) system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
DOSE :
22 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-9 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
DOSE :
45 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 10 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - eye/ear
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
DOSE :
15 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 9-14 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
DOSE :
45 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 12 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Unreported
DOSE :
1700 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-22 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
750 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 2-7 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
600 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 1-7 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - stillbirth
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
400 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 12-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Maternal Effects - parturition Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial (including nose and tongue)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
155 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 7-11 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
124 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 7-10 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - abortion Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - eye/ear Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
DOSE :
25 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 9 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
DOSE :
25 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 9 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
DOSE :
100 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 13 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - other effects to embryo
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
DOSE :
2 gm/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 11-12 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - other developmental abnormalities
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
390 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 8-20 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Unreported
DOSE :
2 gm/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 20-24 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Unreported
DOSE :
250 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 20-24 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - cardiovascular (circulatory) system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
10 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 28 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - eye/ear
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
60 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 24-26 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - cardiovascular (circulatory) system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
330 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 1-33 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - female fertility index (e.g. # females pregnant per # sperm positive females; # females pregnant per # females mated)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
110 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 10-20 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - cardiovascular (circulatory) system Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
360 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 15-17 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - abortion Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - homeostasis
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
150 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 7 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
450 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 7-9 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - litter size (e.g. # fetuses per litter; measured before birth) Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - urogenital system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
450 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 7-9 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial (including nose and tongue) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - respiratory system Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
400 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 7-16 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - other developmental abnormalities Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - biochemical and metabolic
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
833 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-11 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - urogenital system Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - cardiovascular (circulatory) system Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - gastrointestinal system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
125 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 8-12 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
DOSE :
1500 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-20 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - other developmental abnormalities Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - body wall
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
DOSE :
1700 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 1-17 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
DOSE :
1800 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 3-20 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - urogenital system Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial (including nose and tongue)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
DOSE :
1200 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 1-20 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - litter size (e.g. # fetuses per litter; measured before birth)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
DOSE :
750 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-10 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
DOSE :
12500 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 8-12 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - body wall Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
DOSE :
10 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 7 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Unreported
DOSE :
900 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 7-12 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - body wall Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - gastrointestinal system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Unreported
DOSE :
1050 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 7-13 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Unreported
DOSE :
500 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 7 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
550 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 12-33 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
300 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 8 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
1500 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 8-12 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
1800 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 13-18 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
TYPE OF TEST :
Unscheduled DNA synthesis
TYPE OF TEST :
Mutation test systems - not otherwise specified

MUTATION DATA

TEST SYSTEM :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
7600 mg/kg/30D (Continuous)
REFERENCE :
NATUAS Nature. (Nature Subscription Dept., POB 1018, Manasguan, NJ 08736) V.1- 1869- Volume(issue)/page/year: 202,1080,1964 *** REVIEWS *** TOXICOLOGY REVIEW BCSTB5 Biochemical Society Transactions. (Biochemical Soc. Book Depot, POB 32, Commerce Way, Colchester, Essex CO2 8HP, UK) V.1- 1973- Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,695,1974 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW PLMJAP Pahlavi Medical Journal. (Shiraz, Iran) V.1-9, 1970-78. Volume(issue)/page/year: 6,160,1975 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW AUHPAI Australian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy. (B.R. Miller, POB 125, Heidelberg, Vic., Australia) V.1- 1971- Volume(issue)/page/year: 4(1),5,1974 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CRTXB2 CRC Critical Reviews in Toxicology. (CRC Press, Inc., 2000 Corporate Blvd., NW, Boca Raton, FL 33431) V.1- 1971- Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,365,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW INTEAG Internist. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) V.1- 1960- Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,7,1974 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CLPTAT Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics (St. Louis). (C.V. Mosby Co., 11830 Westline Industrial Dr., St. Louis, MO 63146) V.1- 1960- Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,480,1964 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ARVPAX Annual Review of Pharmacology. (Palo Alto, CA) V.1-15, 1961-75. For publisher information, see ARPTDI. Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,447,1965 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ADVPA3 Advances in Pharmacology. (New York, NY) V.1-6, 1962-68. For publisher information, see AVPCAQ. Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,263,1966 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ATXKA8 Archiv fuer Toxikologie. (Berlin, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.15-31, 1954-74. For publisher information, see ARTODN. Volume(issue)/page/year: 28,135,1971 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW NEJMAG New England Journal of Medicine. (Massachusetts Medical Soc., 10 Shattuck St., Boston, MA 02115) V.198- 1928- Volume(issue)/page/year: 267,1238,1962 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW NEJMAG New England Journal of Medicine. (Massachusetts Medical Soc., 10 Shattuck St., Boston, MA 02115) V.198- 1928- Volume(issue)/page/year: 267,1184,1962 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW LANCAO Lancet. (7 Adam St., London WC2N 6AD, UK) V.1- 1823- Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,45,1962 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW BMJOAE British Medical Journal. (British Medical Assoc., BMA House, Tavistock Sq., London WC1H 9JR, UK) V.1- 1857- Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,646,1962 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW LANCAO Lancet. (7 Adam St., London WC2N 6AD, UK) V.1- 1823- Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,303,1962

 Safety Information

Symbol GHS07 GHS08
GHS07, GHS08
Signal Word Danger
Hazard Statements H302-H360D
Precautionary Statements P201-P280-P301 + P312 + P330-P308 + P313
Personal Protective Equipment Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face particle respirator type N100 (US);Gloves;respirator cartridge type N100 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter;type P3 (EN 143) respirator cartridges
Hazard Codes T:Toxic
Risk Phrases R46;R61;R21;R25;R62
Safety Phrases S53-S22-S26-S36/37/39-S45
RIDADR UN 2811 6.1/PG 3
WGK Germany 3
RTECS TI4375000
Packaging Group III
Hazard Class 6.1(b)
HS Code 2925190090

 Synthetic Route

 Customs

HS Code 2925190090
Summary 2925190090 other imides and their derivatives; salts thereof VAT:17.0% Tax rebate rate:9.0% Supervision conditions:none MFN tariff:6.5% General tariff:30.0%

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 Synonyms

EINECS 200-031-1
(±)-Thalidomide
Softenon
Thalomide
)-Thalidomide
2-(2,6-dioxopipéridin-3-yl)-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione
Neurodyn
2-(2,6-Dioxopiperidin-3-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione
2-(2,6-Dioxo-3-piperidinyl)-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione
Neosedyn
UNII:4Z8R6ORS6L
(±)-2-(2,6-Dioxo-3-piperidinyl)-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione
Neosydyn
2-(2,6-Dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione
N-(2,6-Dioxo-3-piperidinyl)phthalimide
Talidomide [DCIT]
Contergan
1H-Isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione, 2-(2,6-dioxo-3-piperidinyl)-
2-(2,6-Dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-1H-isoindol-1,3(2H)-dion
Thalidomide
MFCD00153873
Pomalidomide Impurity 9
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