Lonidamine

Modify Date: 2024-01-02 15:35:43

Lonidamine Structure
Lonidamine structure
Common Name Lonidamine
CAS Number 50264-69-2 Molecular Weight 321.158
Density 1.5±0.1 g/cm3 Boiling Point 537.9±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Molecular Formula C15H10Cl2N2O2 Melting Point 207-209°C
MSDS Chinese USA Flash Point 279.1±28.7 °C
Symbol GHS07 GHS08
GHS07, GHS08
Signal Word Danger

 Use of Lonidamine


Lonidamine is an orally administered small molecule hexokinase inactivator.Target: OthersLonidamine is a derivative of indazole-3-carboxylic acid, which for a long time, has been known to inhibit aerobic glycolysis in cancer cells. It seems to enhance aerobic glycolysis in normal cells, but suppress glycolysis in cancer cells. This is most likely through the inhibition of the mitochondrially bound hexokinase. Later studies in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells showed that lonidamine inhibits both respiration and glycolysis leading to a decrease in cellular ATP. Clinical trials of lonidamine in combination with other anticancer agents for a variety of cancers has begun. Lonidamine has been used in the treatment of brain tumours in combination with radiotherapy and temozolomide. Results showed that a combination of temozolomide and lonidamine at clinically achievable, low plasma concentrations, could inhibit tumour growth, and lonidamine could reduce the dose of temozolomide required for radiosensitization of brain tumours. From Wikipedia.

 Names

Name lonidamine
Synonym More Synonyms

 Lonidamine Biological Activity

Description Lonidamine is an orally administered small molecule hexokinase inactivator.Target: OthersLonidamine is a derivative of indazole-3-carboxylic acid, which for a long time, has been known to inhibit aerobic glycolysis in cancer cells. It seems to enhance aerobic glycolysis in normal cells, but suppress glycolysis in cancer cells. This is most likely through the inhibition of the mitochondrially bound hexokinase. Later studies in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells showed that lonidamine inhibits both respiration and glycolysis leading to a decrease in cellular ATP. Clinical trials of lonidamine in combination with other anticancer agents for a variety of cancers has begun. Lonidamine has been used in the treatment of brain tumours in combination with radiotherapy and temozolomide. Results showed that a combination of temozolomide and lonidamine at clinically achievable, low plasma concentrations, could inhibit tumour growth, and lonidamine could reduce the dose of temozolomide required for radiosensitization of brain tumours. From Wikipedia.
Related Catalog
References

[1]. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lonidamine

 Chemical & Physical Properties

Density 1.5±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point 537.9±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point 207-209°C
Molecular Formula C15H10Cl2N2O2
Molecular Weight 321.158
Flash Point 279.1±28.7 °C
Exact Mass 320.011932
PSA 55.12000
LogP 4.32
Vapour Pressure 0.0±1.5 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction 1.678
Storage condition Store at RT

 Toxicological Information

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
NK7886000
CHEMICAL NAME :
1H-Indazole-3-carboxylic acid, 1-(2,4-dichlorobenzyl)-
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
50264-69-2
BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. :
0894483
LAST UPDATED :
199612
DATA ITEMS CITED :
16
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
C15-H10-Cl2-N2-O2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
321.17
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
T56 BNNJ B1R BG DG& DVQ

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
1700 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - ptosis Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay)
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
525 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - ptosis Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay)
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
900 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - ptosis Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay)
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
435 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - ptosis Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
14560 mg/kg/2Y-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Related to Chronic Data - changes in testicular weight
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
3 gm/kg/30D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Related to Chronic Data - changes in prostate weight Related to Chronic Data - changes in testicular weight
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Primate - monkey
DOSE/DURATION :
3200 mg/kg/28D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
35 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
male 1 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, sperm duct
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
350 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - urogenital system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
175 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - eye/ear Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - cardiovascular (circulatory) system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
90 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
DOSE :
100 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
male 1 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, sperm duct
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
250 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
male 5 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)
TYPE OF TEST :
Sperm Morphology

MUTATION DATA

TEST SYSTEM :
Primate - monkey
DOSE/DURATION :
250 mg/kg/5D
REFERENCE :
JRPFA4 Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. (Biochemical Soc. Book Depot, POB 32, Commerce Way, Colchester, Essex CO2 8HP, UK) V.1- 1960- Volume(issue)/page/year: 52,275,1978

 Safety Information

Symbol GHS07 GHS08
GHS07, GHS08
Signal Word Danger
Hazard Statements H302-H351-H360
Precautionary Statements P201-P281-P308 + P313
Personal Protective Equipment Eyeshields;full-face particle respirator type N100 (US);Gloves;respirator cartridge type N100 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter;type P3 (EN 143) respirator cartridges
Hazard Codes T:Toxic;
Risk Phrases R60;R22;R40
Safety Phrases S53-S22-S36/37/39-S45
RIDADR NONH for all modes of transport
WGK Germany 3
RTECS NK7886000
HS Code 2933990090

 Synthetic Route

~%

Lonidamine Structure

Lonidamine

CAS#:50264-69-2

Literature: THRESHOLD PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. Patent: WO2005/120498 A2, 2005 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 18; 20 ;

~%

Lonidamine Structure

Lonidamine

CAS#:50264-69-2

Literature: THRESHOLD PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. Patent: WO2005/120498 A2, 2005 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 22 ;

 Customs

HS Code 2933990090
Summary 2933990090. heterocyclic compounds with nitrogen hetero-atom(s) only. VAT:17.0%. Tax rebate rate:13.0%. . MFN tariff:6.5%. General tariff:20.0%

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 Synonyms

1-(2,4-Dichlorobenzyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxylic acid
1H-Indazole-3-carboxylic acid, 1-[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl]-
DICA
Lonidaminum
Lonidamin
Lonidaminum [INN-Latin]
MFCD00866285
Diclondazolic acid
Lonidamine
EINECS 256-510-0
1-[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl]indazole-3-carboxylic acid
1-[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl]-1H-indazole-3-carboxylic acid
Lonidamina
1-(2,4-Dichlorobenzyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxylic acid Diclondazolic acid
Doridamina