Nicotinic acid

Modify Date: 2024-01-02 17:15:59

Nicotinic acid Structure
Nicotinic acid structure
 Common Name Nicotinic acid
CAS Number 59-67-6 Molecular Weight 123.11
Density 1.473 Boiling Point 292.5±13.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Molecular Formula C6H5NO2 Melting Point 234-238 ºC
MSDS Chinese USA Flash Point 130.7±19.8 °C
Symbol GHS07
GHS07		 Signal Word Warning

 Use of Nicotinic acid


Niacin (Vitamin B3) is a water-soluble vitamin and is part of the vitamin B group.Target: OthersNiacin (also known as vitamin B3 and nicotinic acid) is an organic compound with the formula C6H5NO2 and, depending on the definition used, one of the 20 to 80 essential human nutrients. Not enough niacin in the diet can cause nausea, skin and mouth lesions, anemia, headaches, and tiredness. Chronic Niacin deficiency leads to a disease called pellagra. The lack of niacin may also be observed in pandemic deficiency disease which is caused by a lack of five crucial vitamins: niacin,vitamin C, thiamin, vitamin D and vitamin A, and is usually found in areas of widespread poverty and malnutrition.Niacin has been used for over 50 years to increase levels of HDL in the blood and has been found to decrease the risk of cardiovascular events modestly in a number of controlled human trials. Niacin cannot be directly converted to nicotinamide, but both compounds could be converted to and are precursors of NAD and NADP in vivo.Nicotinic acid, nicotinamide, and tryptophan (via quinoline acid) are co-factors for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP). NAD converts to NADP by phosphorylation in the presence of the enzyme NAD+ kinase. NADP and NAD are coenzyme for many dehydrogenases, participating in many hydrogen transfer processes. NAD is important in catabolism of fat, carbohydrate, protein, and alcohol, as well as cell signaling and DNA repair, and NADP mostly in anabolism reactions such as fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis.High energy requirements (brain) or high turnover rate (gut, skin) organs are usually the most susceptible to their deficiency.

 Names

Name Nicotinic acid
Synonym More Synonyms

 Nicotinic acid Biological Activity

Description Niacin (Vitamin B3) is a water-soluble vitamin and is part of the vitamin B group.Target: OthersNiacin (also known as vitamin B3 and nicotinic acid) is an organic compound with the formula C6H5NO2 and, depending on the definition used, one of the 20 to 80 essential human nutrients. Not enough niacin in the diet can cause nausea, skin and mouth lesions, anemia, headaches, and tiredness. Chronic Niacin deficiency leads to a disease called pellagra. The lack of niacin may also be observed in pandemic deficiency disease which is caused by a lack of five crucial vitamins: niacin,vitamin C, thiamin, vitamin D and vitamin A, and is usually found in areas of widespread poverty and malnutrition.Niacin has been used for over 50 years to increase levels of HDL in the blood and has been found to decrease the risk of cardiovascular events modestly in a number of controlled human trials. Niacin cannot be directly converted to nicotinamide, but both compounds could be converted to and are precursors of NAD and NADP in vivo.Nicotinic acid, nicotinamide, and tryptophan (via quinoline acid) are co-factors for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP). NAD converts to NADP by phosphorylation in the presence of the enzyme NAD+ kinase. NADP and NAD are coenzyme for many dehydrogenases, participating in many hydrogen transfer processes. NAD is important in catabolism of fat, carbohydrate, protein, and alcohol, as well as cell signaling and DNA repair, and NADP mostly in anabolism reactions such as fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis.High energy requirements (brain) or high turnover rate (gut, skin) organs are usually the most susceptible to their deficiency.
Related Catalog
Target

Human Endogenous Metabolite

References

[1]. Bruckert E, et al. Meta-analysis of the effect of nicotinic acid alone or in combination on cardiovascular events and atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis. 2010 Jun;210(2):353-61.

[2]. Wan P, et al. Pellagra: a review with emphasis on photosensitivity. Br J Dermatol. 2011 Jun;164(6):1188-200.

[3]. Ishii N, et al. Pellagra among chronic alcoholics: clinical and pathological study of 20 necropsy cases. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1981 Mar;44(3):209-15.

 Chemical & Physical Properties

Density 1.473
Boiling Point 292.5±13.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point 234-238 ºC
Molecular Formula C6H5NO2
Molecular Weight 123.11
Flash Point 130.7±19.8 °C
PSA 55.98000
LogP 0.15
Vapour Pressure 0.0±0.6 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction 1.571
Storage condition 0-6°C
Stability Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. May be light sensitive.
Water Solubility 1-5 g/100 mL at 17 ºC

 Toxicological Information

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
QT0525000
CHEMICAL NAME :
Nicotinic acid
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
59-67-6
BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. :
0109591
LAST UPDATED :
199710
DATA ITEMS CITED :
19
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
C6-H5-N-O2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
123.12
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
T6NJ CVQ

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - man
DOSE/DURATION :
2571 mg/kg/90D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Blood - change in clotting factors Blood - changes in platelet count
REFERENCE :
AIMDAP Archives of Internal Medicine. (AMA, 535 N. Dearborn St., Chicago, IL 60610) V.1- 1908- Volume(issue)/page/year: 152,861,1992
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - man
DOSE/DURATION :
9713 mg/kg/58W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting Skin and Appendages - sweating Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - metabolic acidosis
REFERENCE :
SMJOAV Southern Medical Journal. (Southern Medical Assoc., POB 2446, Birmingham, AL 35205) V.1- 1908- Volume(issue)/page/year: 84,496,1991
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
7 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
NIIRDN Drugs in Japan (Ethical Drugs). (Yakugyo Jiho Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) Volume(issue)/page/year: 6,544,1982
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
730 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 14,741,1977
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
5 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
NIIRDN Drugs in Japan (Ethical Drugs). (Yakugyo Jiho Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) Volume(issue)/page/year: 6,544,1982
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
3500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
REFERENCE :
PSEBAA Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1903/04- Volume(issue)/page/year: 38,241,1938
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
3720 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
REFERENCE :
OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,149,1973
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
358 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 14,741,1977
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
3500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 14,741,1977
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
5 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
THERAP Therapie. (Doin, Editeurs, 8, Place de l'Odeon, F-75006 Paris, France) V.1- 1946- Volume(issue)/page/year: 26,831,1971
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
4 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
BAXXDU British UK Patent Application. (U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, Foreign Patents, Washington, DC 20231) Volume(issue)/page/year: #2041937
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
4550 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
OYYAA2 Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. (Oyo Yakuri Kenkyukai, CPO Box 180, Sendai 980-91, Japan) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 14,741,1977
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION :
3500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
REFERENCE :
PSEBAA Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1903/04- Volume(issue)/page/year: 38,241,1938 ** TUMORIGENIC DATA **
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
174 gm/kg/94W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors
REFERENCE :
ONCOBS Oncology. (S. Karger AG, Postfach CH-4009 Basel, Switzerland) V.21- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 38,106,1981 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 1 mg/m3 JAN 1993 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 81908 No. of Facilities: 1815 (estimated) No. of Industries: 10 No. of Occupations: 19 No. of Employees: 13494 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 81908 No. of Facilities: 3028 (estimated) No. of Industries: 15 No. of Occupations: 46 No. of Employees: 61057 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 26152 (estimated)

 Safety Information

Symbol GHS07
GHS07
Signal Word Warning
Hazard Statements H319
Precautionary Statements P280-P305 + P351 + P338-P337 + P313
Personal Protective Equipment dust mask type N95 (US);Eyeshields;Gloves
Hazard Codes Xi:Irritant
Risk Phrases R36/37/38
Safety Phrases S26-S36
RIDADR 2810.0
WGK Germany 1
RTECS QS3675000
Hazard Class 6.1
HS Code 29362990

 Synthetic Route

 Customs

HS Code 2933399090
Summary 2933399090. other compounds containing an unfused pyridine ring (whether or not hydrogenated) in the structure. VAT:17.0%. Tax rebate rate:13.0%. . MFN tariff:6.5%. General tariff:20.0%

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 Synonyms

3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid
Vitamin B3
5-22-02-00057 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)
3-Pyridylcarboxylic acid
MFCD00006391
P. P. Factor
Pyridine-3-carboxylic acid
Pyridine-β-carboxylic acid
P.P. factor-pellagra preventive factor
T6NJ CVQ
Nicotinamide
EINECS 200-441-0
antipellagra vitamin
nicotinic acid
Niacin
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