Coptisine chloride

Modify Date: 2024-01-02 11:20:13

Coptisine chloride Structure
Coptisine chloride structure
 Common Name Coptisine chloride
CAS Number 6020-18-4 Molecular Weight 355.772
Density 1.51g/cm3 Boiling Point 601.5ºC at 760 mmHg
Molecular Formula C19H14ClNO4 Melting Point >258ºC (dec.)
MSDS Chinese USA Flash Point 190.4ºC
Symbol GHS07
GHS07		 Signal Word Warning

 Use of Coptisine chloride


Coptisine chloride is an alkaloid from Chinese goldthread, and acts as an efficient uncompetitive IDO inhibitor with a Ki value of 5.8 μM and an IC50 value of 6.3 μM.

 Names

Name Coptisine Chloride
Synonym More Synonyms

 Coptisine chloride Biological Activity

Description Coptisine chloride is an alkaloid from Chinese goldthread, and acts as an efficient uncompetitive IDO inhibitor with a Ki value of 5.8 μM and an IC50 value of 6.3 μM.
Related Catalog
Target

IDO:6.3 μM (IC50)

IDO:5.8 μM (Ki)

In Vitro Coptisine chloride is an efficient uncompetitive IDO inhibitor with a Ki value of 5.8 μM and an IC50 value of 6.3 μM[1]. Coptisine (0.1-100 μM) inhibits the proliferation of A549, H460, H2170, MDA-MB-231 and HT-29 cells, with IC50s of 18.09, 29.50, 21.60, 20.15 and 26.60 µM, respectively. Coptisine (12.5, 25, 50 μM) upregulates the expression of pH2AX and p21, reduces expression of cyclin B1, cdc2, and cdc25C, and induces G2/M arrest and apoptosis of A549 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Coptisine (12.5, 25, 50 μM) also induces mitochondrial dysfunction and activates caspases activities in A549 cells. Furthermore, Coptisine (50 μM) increases ROS levels in a time-dependent manner (0.5, 1, 2, 4, 12, and 24 h)[3].
In Vivo Coptisine shows increased toxicity in mice in a concentration dependent manner, with LD50 value of 880.18 mg/kg. Coptisine (154 mg/kg/day, 90 days) shows no toxicity on SD rats. Coptisine (23.35, 46.7, 70.05 mg/kg, p.o.) dose-dependently decreases the levels of TC, TG, and LDL-c and increases HDL-c content in serum of hamsters to different degree, slows down weight gain induced by the HFHC diet, and raises the level of cholesterol and TBA in feces dose-dependently in hamsters. Coptisine (70.05 mg/kg, p.o.) suppresses HMGCR protein expression level and induces the protein expression of SREBP-2, LDLR, and CYP7A1 involved in cholesterol metabolism[2].
Cell Assay A 100-mM concentration of Coptisine is dissolved in DMSO, and subsequent concentrations ranging between 100 and 0.1 µM are prepared by diluting with cell culture medium. The final DMSO concentration used is less than 0.1% in every treatment. MTT assay is performed to assess cell proliferation effect of Coptisine. Briefly, 2500 cells/well are seeded in 96-well plate containing DMEM medium supplemented with 10% FBS and 1% penicillin-streptomycin. A series of Coptisine concentrations are added and incubated for 48 h in the presence or absence of 5-mM NAC. After 48 h of incubation, 15 µL of MTT (5 mg/mL) is added to each well and incubated at 37°C for 4 h. Then, the supernatant is removed and 150 µL of DMSO is added to each well to dissolve the crystals. The absorbance is measured at 595 nm by Spectramax M4 plate reader[3].
Animal Admin Mice[2] The acute toxicity of Coptisine is tested on Kunming mice, 10 mice in each group (half each males and females). Coptisine is dissolved in distilled water and prepared for administration with eight doses (482.5, 579, 694, 833, 1,000, 1,200, 1,440, and 1,728 mg/kg). After oral administration, the reactions of each mouse including mortality are observed and recorded for 1 week to obtain the LD50 value of Coptisine. Rats[2] Forty SD rats are divided into the control and Coptisine groups (half each males and females) which are treated for 90 days. The animal dose is calculated by the human equivalent dose (HED) with the body surface area (BSA) normalization method. To determine the sub-chronic toxicity, the actual dosage of Coptisine on SD rats (154 mg/kg/day) is obtained using the maximum HED of Coptisine (25 mg/kg) for an adult (60 kg) as a reference. Rats in the control group are given the same volume of 0.9 % saline. In the whole experiment, all animals are fed a normal diet and water ad libitum. The general appearance and behavior of rats are recorded daily, their body weight is measured every 10 days, and clinical signs and mortality are observed twice daily.
References

[1]. Yu D, et al. The IDO inhibitor coptisine ameliorates cognitive impairment in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. J Alzheimers Dis. 2015;43(1):291-302.

[2]. He K, et al. The safety and anti-hypercholesterolemic effect of coptisine in Syrian golden hamsters. Lipids. 2015 Feb;50(2):185-94.

[3]. Rao PC, et al. Coptisine-induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and reactive oxygen species-dependent mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in non-small-cell lung cancer A549 cells. Tumour Biol. 2017 Mar;39(3):1010428317694565.

 Chemical & Physical Properties

Density 1.51g/cm3
Boiling Point 601.5ºC at 760 mmHg
Melting Point >258ºC (dec.)
Molecular Formula C19H14ClNO4
Molecular Weight 355.772
Flash Point 190.4ºC
Exact Mass 355.061127
PSA 40.80000
Index of Refraction 1.749
Storage condition Hygroscopic, Refrigerator, Under Inert Atmosphere

 Safety Information

Symbol GHS07
GHS07
Signal Word Warning
Hazard Statements H302
Precautionary Statements P301 + P312 + P330
Hazard Codes N
RIDADR NONH for all modes of transport

 Precursor & DownStream

Precursor  2

DownStream  0

 Synonyms

6,7-Dihydro[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g][1,3]dioxolo[7,8]isoquinolino[3,2-a]isoquinolin-5-ium chloride
Coptisine chloride
Bis[1,3]benzodioxolo[5,6-a:4',5'-g]quinolizinium, 6,7-dihydro-, chloride
6,7-dihydrobis[1,3]benzodioxolo[5,6-a:4',5'-g]quinolizinium chloride
[1,3]Benzodioxolo[5,6-a]-1,3-benzodioxolo[4,5-g]quinolizinium, 6,7-dihydro-, chloride (1:1)
6,7-Dihydro[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g][1,3]dioxolo[7,8]isoquino[3,2-a]isoquinolin-5-ium chloride
Coptisine (chloride)
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