环己烷

环己烷用途

【用途一】
主要用于制造环己醇、环己酮，在涂料工业中广泛用作溶剂

【用途二】
用作溶剂，也用于有机合成

【用途三】
萃取溶剂；色素稀释剂。

【用途四】
环己烷大部分用于制造己二酸、己内酰胺及己二胺（占总消费量98%），小部分用于制造环己胺及其他方面，如用作纤维醚类、脂肪类、油类、蜡、沥青、树脂及橡胶的溶剂；有机和重结晶介质；涂料和清漆的去除剂等。可用作尼龙6和尼龙66的原料。还可用作聚合反应稀释剂、油漆脱膜剂、清净剂、己二酸萃取剂和粘结剂等。

环己烷名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
110-82-7

[ 中文名 ]:
环己烷

[ 英文名 ]:
cyclohexane

[中文别名 ]:

[英文别名 ]:

CYCLOHEXANE HPLC GRADE
HEXAMETHYLENE
HEXANAPHTHENE
MFCD00003814
Cyclohesan
NAPHTHENE
cyclo-hexane
cyclohexaan
hexamethylen
EINECS 203-806-2

环己烷物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
0.8±0.1 g/cm3

[ 沸点 ]:
80.7±0.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ 熔点 ]:
6.5ºC

[ 分子式 ]:
C₆H₁₂

[ 分子量 ]:
84.160

[ 闪点 ]:
-18.3±0.0 °C

[ 精确质量 ]:
84.093903

[ LogP ]:
3.39

[ 外观性状 ]:
无色液体

[ 蒸汽密度 ]:
2.9 (vs air)

[ 蒸汽压 ]:
93.7±0.1 mmHg at 25°C

[ 折射率 ]:
1.433

[ 储存条件 ]:
库房通风低温干燥,与氧化剂、酸类分开存放

[ 水溶解性 ]:
PRACTICALLY INSOLUBLE

[ 凝固点 ]:
6.554℃

环己烷MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

环己烷毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: GU6300000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Cyclohexane

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 110-82-7

LAST UPDATED :: 199712

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 46

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C6-H12

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 84.18

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: L6TJ

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 12705 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 813 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 70 gm/m3/2H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 5500 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea

TYPE OF TEST :: LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 89600 mg/m3/1H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - general anesthetic Behavioral - tremor Behavioral - muscle contraction or spasticity

TYPE OF TEST :: LD - Lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: >180 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - species unspecified

DOSE/DURATION :: 70 gm/m3

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 300 ppm/6H/2W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - other oxidoreductases

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 15 gm/kg/2W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 7444 ppm/6H/2W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Autonomic Nervous System - other (direct) parasympathomimetic Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 9220 ppm/6H/5W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Autonomic Nervous System - other (direct) parasympathomimetic Behavioral - tremor Related to Chronic Data - death

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: DNA adduct

TEST SYSTEM :: Bacteria - Escherichia coli

REFERENCE :: MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 89,95,1981 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-TWA 1030 mg/m3 (300 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 300 ppm (1050 mg/m3) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,65,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 300 ppm (1050 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 300 ppm (1050 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 300 ppm (1050 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 300 ppm (1050 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 300 ppm (1050 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRIA:TWA 300 ppm (1050 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 300 ppm (1030 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 300 ppm (1050 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 300 ppm (1050 mg/m3);STEL 375 ppm (1315 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 300 ppm (1050 mg/m3);STEL 375 ppm (1300 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 300 ppm (1050 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 500 mg/m3;STEL 1000 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-JAPAN:TWA 150 ppm (520 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 300 ppm (1050 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 300 ppm (1050 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-POLAND:TWA 80 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:TWA 150 ppm;STEL 80 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 300 ppm (1000 mg/m3);STEL 370 ppm (1300 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 300 ppm (1050 mg/m3);STEL 600 ppm JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 300 ppm (1050 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 300 ppm (1050 mg/m3);STEL 375 ppm JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO CYCLOHEXANE-air:10H TWA 300 ppm REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 21190 No. of Facilities: 14841 (estimated) No. of Industries: 117 No. of Occupations: 74 No. of Employees: 125761 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 21190 No. of Facilities: 2260 (estimated) No. of Industries: 37 No. of Occupations: 54 No. of Employees: 55077 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 14873 (estimated)

环己烷安全信息

[ 符号 ]:

GHS02, GHS07, GHS08, GHS09

[ 信号词 ]:
Danger

[ 危害声明 ]:
H225-H304-H315-H336-H410

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P210-P301 + P310-P331-P370 + P378-P403 + P235

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face respirator (US);Gloves;multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US);type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
F:Flammable

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R11;R38;R50/53;R65;R67

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S16-S25-S33-S60-S61-S62-S9

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 1145

[ WGK德国 ]:
2

[ RTECS号 ]:
GU6300000

[ 包装等级 ]:
II

[ 危险类别 ]:
3

[ 海关编码 ]:
2902110000

环己烷合成路线

详细合成路线

环己烷上下游产品

环己烷上游产品

环己烷下游产品

环己烷制备

1.苯液相氧化法（法国IFP）以兰尼镍为催化剂，反应温度200～240℃，压力3.92MPa。生产1t环己烷消耗0.94t苯，1284m3氢气（80%），原材料费用占生产费用的95%以下。
常压液相氢化是在液体空速为1.1h-1的条件下，以镍-氧化铝为催化剂，反应温度为120～170℃，在管式固定床催化反应器中进行反应。苯转化率达99.9%，环己烷产率96%。

2.苯气相氢化法（荷兰DSM）以镍为催化剂，反应器为管式固定床催化反应器，管外走冷却介质。干燥的、带压的气化苯与氢气及循环氢气从反应器顶部进入，从底部出料。再经过小型的第二反应器继续反应后，经冷凝器及分离器得环己烷，氢气循环使用。反应温度为390℃，靠近反应器出口温度为220℃，反应压力为2.94MPa。

3.苯液相氢化法（UOP’Shydrar法）以铂或钯为催化剂，少量锂盐作促进剂，用铝作载体，允许原料苯、氢气及循环氢气进行热交换后，经过分离器，然后闪蒸得环己烷，氢气循环使用。苯转化率可达100%，环己烷的纯度取决于原料苯的纯度。此法得到较大的推广。

4.苯在无水三氯化铁催化剂作用下，进行氢化。再用碳酸钠溶液洗涤，经蒸馏得到纯品环己烷。

5.BV-Ⅲ级环己烷的制备主要采用精馏工艺。工艺路线是：选取合适的工业原料进行精馏、超净过滤、超净分装，得到最终产品。

环己烷海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 2902110000

[ 中文概述 ]:
2902110000 环已烷。监管条件:AB(入境货物通关单,出境货物通关单)。增值税率:17.0%。退税率:9.0%。最低关税:2.0%。普通关税:30.0%

[ 申报要素 ]: 品名, 成分含量

[ 监管条件 ]: A.入境货物通关单 B.出境货物通关单

[ 检验检疫 ]: M.进口商品检验 N.出口商品检验

[ Summary ]:
2902110000 cyclohexane。supervision conditions:AB(certificate of inspection for goods inward,certificate of inspection for goods outward)。VAT:17.0%。tax rebate rate:9.0%。MFN tarrif:2.0%。general tariff:30.0%

环己烷文献

A survey of dioxin-like contaminants in fish from recreational fishing.

Environ. Monit. Assess. 187 , 509, (2015)

The dioxin and dioxin-like compounds are regarded as one of the most toxic group of environmental contaminants. Food for the commercial market is regularly monitored for their dioxin levels and the co...

Preliminary study on brominated dioxins/furans and hydroxylated/methoxylated PBDEs in Baltic cod (Gadus morhua) liver. Comparison to the levels of analogue chlorinated co-occurring pollutants.

Mar. Pollut. Bull. 96 , 165-75, (2015)

Low pg levels of PBDD/Fs in 0.8-38.9 pg g(-1) (fat) range (mean 14.2 pg g(-1)) observed in the tested cod liver samples were significantly lower than levels of their chlorinated analogues (25.1-95.9 r...

Multi-element, multi-compound isotope profiling as a means to distinguish the geographical and varietal origin of fermented cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) beans.

Food Chem. 188 , 576-82, (2015)

Multi-element stable isotope ratios have been assessed as a means to distinguish between fermented cocoa beans from different geographical and varietal origins. Isotope ratios and percentage compositi...

更多文献

环己烷相关知识

环己烷的分子式是什么？环己烷的用途？

2019-07-15 16:00:08

环己烷的常见分子式是C6H12，6个碳，烷烃只有一个环，不饱和度只有1，所以氢个数是2*6=12，结构图就是正六边形。别名六氢化苯，为无色有刺激性气味的液体。不溶于水，溶于多数有机溶剂。极易燃烧。一般用作一般溶剂、色谱分析标准物质及用于有机合成，可在树脂、涂料、脂肪、石蜡油类中应用，还可制备环己醇...

环己烷