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金

金用途

用作货币、珠宝饰物、牙科材料和电镀金属。金的量常用金衡制表示，并以“克拉”(carat，1克拉=0.2g)表示合金中金的纯度。24K就是纯金。金还用于制造各种电器、红外光反射器和玻璃着色剂。作为半导体连接所需的金线原料和镀金材料。

超细金粉是制备细线金浆、低温金浆及金钯、金铂钯、金银钯等优良导体浆料的主要导电材料。

半导体工业用作镀金材料。

金名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
7440-57-5

[ 中文名 ]:
金

[ 英文名 ]:
Gold

[中文别名 ]:

金,海绵状

[英文别名 ]:

AUROUS
Gold
AURIC
EINECS 231-165-9
Au
MFCD00003436
Glod
gold-197
E 175

金物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
19.3 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)

[ 沸点 ]:
2808 °C(lit.)

[ 熔点 ]:
1063 °C(lit.)

[ 分子式 ]:
Au

[ 分子量 ]:
196.967

[ 闪点 ]:
4 °C

[ 精确质量 ]:
196.966507

[ 外观性状 ]:
橙色-黄色-棕色-黄色粉末

[ 折射率 ]:
n20/589.3 1.523

[ 储存条件 ]:
2-8°C

[ 稳定性 ]:
Stable. May react with halogens, strong oxidizing agents, ammonia, hydrogen peroxide. Reaction with ammonia or hydrogen peroxide may form explosive materials.

[ 水溶解性 ]:
H2O: soluble

金MSDS

金毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: MD5070000

CHEMICAL NAME :: GOLD

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 7440-57-5

LAST UPDATED :: 199710

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 12

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: Au

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 196.97

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: .AU

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 58 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - acute pulmonary edema Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea

REFERENCE :: ZEKBAI Zeitschrift fuer Krebsforschung. (Berlin, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1-75, 1903-71. For publisher information, see JCROD7. Volume(issue)/page/year: 63,586,1960 ** TUMORIGENIC DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Implant

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 200 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application

REFERENCE :: NATWAY Naturwissenschaften. (Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Platz 3, D-1000 Berlin 33, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1- 1913- Volume(issue)/page/year: 42,75,1955

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Implant

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 21 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application

REFERENCE :: NATWAY Naturwissenschaften. (Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Platz 3, D-1000 Berlin 33, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1- 1913- Volume(issue)/page/year: 42,75,1955

TYPE OF TEST :: TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Implant

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 4730 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application

REFERENCE :: NATWAY Naturwissenschaften. (Springer-Verlag, Heidelberger Platz 3, D-1000 Berlin 33, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1- 1913- Volume(issue)/page/year: 42,75,1955 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - T0367 No. of Facilities: 80 (estimated) No. of Industries: 2 No. of Occupations: 2 No. of Employees: 174 (estimated) NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 35455 No. of Facilities: 1230 (estimated) No. of Industries: 18 No. of Occupations: 25 No. of Employees: 9464 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X2971 No. of Facilities: 3 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 1 No. of Employees: 6 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X7506 No. of Facilities: 225 (estimated) No. of Industries: 4 No. of Occupations: 10 No. of Employees: 2626 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 108 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 35455 No. of Facilities: 2595 (estimated) No. of Industries: 27 No. of Occupations: 39 No. of Employees: 30128 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 5425 (estimated)

金安全信息

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Gloves;type N95 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
Xi,Xn,F

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R36/38

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S26-S36/37/39-S45-S62-S36/37

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 1789 8/PG 3

[ WGK德国 ]:
3

[ RTECS号 ]:
MD5420000

[ 包装等级 ]:
II

[ 危险类别 ]:
6.1

金合成路线

金制备

1.金主要以游离态(天然金)存在于自然界中，也存在于碲化物矿中。海水中含有一定量的金(0.1～2mg/t)，但尚无工业方法提取。通常采用氰化物法、汞齐法或熔炼法提取。纯化精炼金多采用电解法。将高纯氯化金溶液加入反应器中，在搅拌下加入草酸进行还原反应，过滤，用无离子水洗涤，制得高纯金成品。

超细金粉：可用热分解法和水溶液还原法制取。热分解法可获得平均粒度为1～2μm的金粉；水溶液还原法可获得平均粒度为0.05～0.5μm的金粉。

2.金通常是从含有天然金的矿石中提取获得，最常用的方法是氰化法。用稀的NaCN溶液(0.03%～0.2%)处理粉碎后的矿石，并通入空气，使金粒溶解，残渣分出后，用锌或铝将金置换出来。

该法的缺点是使用了大量的剧毒试剂氰化钠，对人体和环境有极大的危害。

另一重要的方法是用硫脲来取代氰化钠，即在酸性溶液中，存在氧化剂(如H2O2，FeCl3)的条件下，使金与硫脲反应。

3. 高纯金的制法.将高纯氯化金溶液加入反应器中，在搅拌下加入草酸进行还原反应，
过滤，用无离子水洗涤，制得高纯金成品。

然后用还原法还原出金。

若要获得高纯度的金，则必须通过电解精炼得到。将HAuCl2与盐酸混合液进行电解精炼，便可获得99.999%的高纯金。

将高纯氯化金溶液加入反应器中，在搅拌下加入草酸进行还原反应，过滤，用无离子水洗涤，制得高纯金成品。

金文献

Stable gold(III) catalysts by oxidative addition of a carbon-carbon bond.

Nature 517(7535) , 449-54, (2015)

Low-valent late transition-metal catalysis has become indispensable to chemical synthesis, but homogeneous high-valent transition-metal catalysis is underdeveloped, mainly owing to the reactivity of h...

Building nanoSPR biosensor systems based on gold magnetic composite nanoparticles.

J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 13(8) , 5485-92, (2013)

Composite Fe3O4/Au nanoparticles are attracting considerable interest in developing visual and specific detection of biomolecular due to their unique physical and chemical properties. Here, two locali...

Nano gold conjugation, anti-arthritic potential and toxicity studies of snake Naja kaouthia (Lesson, 1831) venom protein toxin NKCT1 in male albino rats and mice.

Indian J. Exp. Biol. 52(8) , 763-72, (2014)

Nanoscience and Nanotechnology have found their way in the fields of pharmacology and medicine. The conjugation of drug to nanoparticles combines the properties of both. In this study, gold nanopartic...

更多文献

金

金用途

金名称

金物理化学性质

金MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

金毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

金安全信息

金合成路线

详细合成路线

金制备

金文献

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