环氧乙烷

环氧乙烷用途

【用途一】
用作有机化工原料及溶剂，主要用于生产乙二醇、乙醇胺及非离子表面活性剂
【用途二】
用于有机合成
【用途三】
环氧乙烷是除草剂丙草胺的中间体，并且是一种重要的化工原料，用于制造乙二醇、乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、乙二醇醚，也可用于生产非离子型表面活性剂。
【用途四】
杀菌消毒剂；谷物熏蒸剂。
【用途五】
环氧乙烷有杀菌作用，对金属不腐蚀，无残留气味，因此可用材料的气体杀菌剂。通常采用环氧乙烷-二氧化碳（两者之比为90：10）或环氧乙烷-二氯二氟甲烷的混合物，主要用于医院和精密仪器的消毒。环氧乙烷用熏蒸剂常用于粮食、食物的保藏。例如，干蛋粉的贮藏中常因受细菌的作用而分解，用环氧乙烷熏蒸处理，可防止变质，而蛋粉的化学成分，包括氨基酸等都不受影响。环氧乙烷易与酸作用，因此可作为抗酸剂添加于某些物质中，从而降你这些物质的酸度或者使用其长期不产生酸性。便如，在生产氯化丁基橡胶时，异丁烯与异戊二烯共聚物的溶液在氯化前如果加入环氧乙烷，则成品即可完全不用碱洗和水洗。环氧乙烷自动分解时能产生世大能量，可以作为火箭和喷气推进器的动力，一般是采用硝基甲烷和环氧乙烷的混俣物（60：40-95：5）。这种混合燃料燃烧性能好，凝固点低，性质比较稳定，不易引爆。总的来说，环氧乙烷的上述这灯直接用途消费量很少，环氧乙烷作为乙烯工业衍生物仅次于聚乙烯，为第二位的重要产品。其重要性主要是以其为原料生产的系列产吕。由环氧乙烷衍生的下游产吕的种类远比各种乙烯衍生物多。五氧乙烷的毒性为乙二醇和27倍，与氨的毒性相仿。在体内形成甲醛、乙二醇和乙二酸，对中枢神经系统起麻醉作用，对粘膜有刺激作用，对细包原浆有毒害作用。
【用途六】
环氧乙烷是用途广泛的合成中间体。主要用于生产乙二醇，还可生产乙醇胺类、醚类、非离子表面活性剂、防冻剂、增塑剂、添加剂、香料、高能燃料、推进剂等。

环氧乙烷名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
75-21-8

[ 中文名 ]:
环氧乙烷

[ 英文名 ]:
ETHYLENE OXIDE

[中文别名 ]:

[英文别名 ]:

ETO
MFCD00014482
Oxiran
E.O.
EINECS 200-849-9
1,2-epoxyethane
epoxyethane
Oxiraan
C2H4O
ethylene oxide

环氧乙烷物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
0.882 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)

[ 沸点 ]:
10.7 °C(lit.)

[ 熔点 ]:
−111 °C(lit.)

[ 分子式 ]:
C₂H₄O

[ 分子量 ]:
44.05260

[ 闪点 ]:
低于-17.7ºC

[ 精确质量 ]:
44.02620

[ PSA ]:
12.53000

[ LogP ]:
0.01660

[ 外观性状 ]:
无色压缩液化气体

[ 折射率 ]:
n20/D 1.3597(lit.)

[ 储存条件 ]:
库房通风低温干燥,轻装轻卸,与氧气、空气等助燃气体钢瓶分开存放

环氧乙烷MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

环氧乙烷毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: KX2450000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Ethylene oxide

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 75-21-8

LAST UPDATED :: 199806

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 164

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C2-H4-O

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 44.06

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: T3OTJ

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human

TYPE OF TEST :: Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration into the eye

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human

DOSE/DURATION :: 12500 ppm/10S

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - effect, not otherwise specified

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :: 500 ppm/2M

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 72 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 800 ppm/4H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes Liver - other changes Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 187 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 200 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes Liver - other changes Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 836 ppm/4H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 175 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 290 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 960 ppm/4H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 330 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - effect, not otherwise specified Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - cat

DOSE/DURATION :: 100 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 175 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - effect, not otherwise specified Behavioral - muscle weakness Behavioral - rigidity (including catalepsy)

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 270 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 1500 mg/m3/4H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 406 ppm/6H/6W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 300 ug/m3/24H/83D-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - muscle contraction or spasticity Blood - other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - changes in chlorine

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 800 ppm/6H/14D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 400 ppm/6H/13W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in bladder weight Blood - normocytic anemia Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 600 ppm/6H/14W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - effect, not otherwise specified Endocrine - other changes Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 450 mg/m3/6H/10W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Liver - changes in liver weight Endocrine - changes in spleen weight Related to Chronic Data - changes in testicular weight

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 290 ppm/6H/6W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Blood - pigmented or nucleated red blood cells Blood - changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 102 ppm/26W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Blood - pigmented or nucleated red blood cells Blood - changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Primate - monkey

DOSE/DURATION :: 100 ppm/7H/2Y-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - effect, not otherwise specified

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1186 mg/kg/2Y-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Gastrointestinal - tumors Liver - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 33 ppm/6H/2Y-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Brain and Coverings - tumors Blood - leukemia

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 50 ppm/6H/2Y

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 292 mg/kg/95W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Blood - lymphoma, including Hodgkin's disease Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application

TYPE OF TEST :: TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 1090 mg/kg/91W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria Blood - lymphoma, including Hodgkin's disease Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application

TYPE OF TEST :: TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 908 mg/kg/95W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Blood - lymphoma, including Hodgkin's disease Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application

TYPE OF TEST :: TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 2576 mg/kg/95W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Blood - lymphoma, including Hodgkin's disease Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application

TYPE OF TEST :: TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 5112 mg/kg/2Y-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Gastrointestinal - tumors Liver - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TC - Toxic concentration (other than lowest)

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 50 ppm/7H/2Y-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Blood - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TC - Toxic concentration (other than lowest)

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 33 ppm/6H/2Y-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Brain and Coverings - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TC - Toxic concentration (other than lowest)

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 33 ppm/6H/2Y-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Brain and Coverings - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

DOSE :: 100 ppm/6H

SEX/DURATION :: female 6-15 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

DOSE :: 100 ppm/6H

SEX/DURATION :: male 12 week(s) pre-mating female 9 week(s) pre-mating - 3 week(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - live birth index (measured after birth)

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

DOSE :: 3600 ug/m3/24H

SEX/DURATION :: male 60 day(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, sperm duct Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea)

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

DOSE :: 100 ppm/6H

SEX/DURATION :: female 12 week(s) pre-mating - 21 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - live birth index (measured after birth)

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

DOSE :: 150 ppm/7H

SEX/DURATION :: female 7-16 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial (including nose and tongue) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

DOSE :: 255 ppm/6H

SEX/DURATION :: male 10 day(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

DOSE :: 1200 ppm/90M

SEX/DURATION :: female 1 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - homeostasis

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

DOSE :: 1200 ppm/90M

SEX/DURATION :: female 1 day(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - other effects to embryo

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

DOSE :: 750 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: male 25 day(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - live birth index (measured after birth) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - delayed effects

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

DOSE :: 150 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: male 1 day(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

DOSE :: 125 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 1 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Fertility - litter size (e.g. # fetuses per litter; measured before birth) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - eye/ear

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

DOSE :: 125 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 1 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - other developmental abnormalities

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

DOSE :: 225 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 10-12 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

DOSE :: 450 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 8-10 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

DOSE :: 450 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 10-12 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - litter size (e.g. # fetuses per litter; measured before birth) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

DOSE :: 50 ppm/7H

SEX/DURATION :: male 96 week(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

DOSE :: 50 ppm/7H

SEX/DURATION :: male 2 year(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

DOSE :: 324 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 6-14 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

TYPE OF TEST :: Specific locus test

TYPE OF TEST :: Cytogenetic analysis

TYPE OF TEST :: Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction

TYPE OF TEST :: Cytogenetic analysis

TYPE OF TEST :: Sister chromatid exchange

TYPE OF TEST :: Sister chromatid exchange

TYPE OF TEST :: Micronucleus test

TYPE OF TEST :: Micronucleus test

TYPE OF TEST :: Cytogenetic analysis

TYPE OF TEST :: Cytogenetic analysis

TYPE OF TEST :: Sister chromatid exchange

TYPE OF TEST :: Dominant lethal test

TYPE OF TEST :: Dominant lethal test

TYPE OF TEST :: Micronucleus test

TYPE OF TEST :: Micronucleus test

TYPE OF TEST :: Micronucleus test

TYPE OF TEST :: DNA damage

TYPE OF TEST :: DNA damage

TYPE OF TEST :: Unscheduled DNA synthesis

TYPE OF TEST :: Cytogenetic analysis

TYPE OF TEST :: Cytogenetic analysis

TYPE OF TEST :: Sister chromatid exchange

TYPE OF TEST :: Dominant lethal test

TYPE OF TEST :: Dominant lethal test

TYPE OF TEST :: Mutation in mammalian somatic cells

TYPE OF TEST :: Mutation in mammalian somatic cells

TYPE OF TEST :: Heritable translocation test

TYPE OF TEST :: Heritable translocation test

TYPE OF TEST :: Cytogenetic analysis

TYPE OF TEST :: Sister chromatid exchange

MUTATION DATA

TEST SYSTEM :: Rodent - rabbit

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(WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 36,189,1985 IARC Cancer Review:Human Limited Evidence IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,205,1987 IARC Cancer Review:Human Limited Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 60,73,1994 IARC Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 60,73,1994 IARC Cancer Review:Group 1 IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 60,73,1994 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW JJOMDZ JOM, Journal of Occupational Medicine. (American Occupational Medicine Assoc., 150 N. Wacker Dr., Chicago, IL 60606) V.10- 1968- Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,808,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CMTVAS Cahiers de Medecine du Travail. (Association Professionnelle Belge des Medecine du Travail, rue du Bultia, 6280 Gerpinnes, Belgium) V.1- 1963- Volume(issue)/page/year: 10(3),49,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW AEHLAU Archives of Environmental Health. (Heldref Pub., 4000 Albemarle St., NW, Washington, DC 20016) V.1- 1960- Volume(issue)/page/year: 8,700,1964 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** EPA FIFRA 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,7740,1989 MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 50 ppm (90 mg/m3) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,112,1971 OSHA PEL (Construc):see CFR 29,1926.1147 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 50 ppm (90 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 OSHA-cancer hazard CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1047,1987 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-ARAB Republic of Egypt:TWA 10 ppm (20 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 1 ppm (2 mg/m3);Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 1 ppm (1.8 mg/m3);Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 1 ppm (1.8 mg/m3);Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 1 ppm (2.8 mg/m3);Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 5 ppm (10 mg/m3);STEL 10 ppm (20 mg/m3);Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY;Skin;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:STEL 1 mg/m3;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-JAPAN:TWA 50 ppm (90 mg/m3);Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 50 ppm (90 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 50 ppm (90 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-POLAND:TWA 1 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:TWA 50 ppm;STEL 1 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 1 ppm (2 mg/m3);STEL 5 ppm (9 mg/m3);Skin;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 1 ppm (2 mg/m3).;Skin;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 50 ppm (90 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 5 ppm (10 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO ETHYLENE OXIDE-air:8H CA TWA 0.1 ppm;CL 5 ppm/10M REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 32550 No. of Facilities: 7411 (estimated) No. of Industries: 67 No. of Occupations: 74 No. of Employees: 107450 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 32550 No. of Facilities: 10657 (estimated) No. of Industries: 89 No. of Occupations: 104 No. of Employees: 270683 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 120086 (estimated)

环氧乙烷安全信息

[ 符号 ]:

GHS02, GHS07, GHS08

[ 信号词 ]:
Danger

[ 危害声明 ]:
H225-H302 + H332-H315-H319-H335-H340-H350

[ 补充危害声明 ]:
May form explosive peroxides.

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P201-P210-P280-P308 + P313-P370 + P378-P403 + P235

[ 靶器官 ]:
Blood, Central nervous system, Liver

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face respirator (US);Gloves;multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US)

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
F+,T,F

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R45

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S53-S45-S36/37-S16-S24/25-S23

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 2037 2.3

[ WGK德国 ]:
2

[ RTECS号 ]:
KX2450000

[ 危险类别 ]:
2.3

[ 海关编码 ]:
2910100000

环氧乙烷上下游产品

环氧乙烷上游产品

环氧乙烷下游产品

环氧乙烷制备

(1)氯醇法
以乙烯为原料，先经次氯酸化制得氯乙醇，然后用碱环化而得。具体工艺是：将乙烯和氯气通入水中生成氯乙醇，该反应在耐腐蚀的反应器中进行，氯气、水和乙烯并流通入反应器，在20～50℃和0.2～0.3 MPa下反应，生成2-氯乙醇水溶液，含量一般在6%～7%以下。然后用碱(通常为石灰乳)与氯乙醇反应，进行环合。反应温度控制在100℃左右，生成的环氧乙烷尽快离开反应区，从反应器上部的冷凝口流出，然后汽液分离，蒸馏可得成品。

工艺流程：1、乙烯的次氯酸化反应在温度27-43℃，压力0.2-0.Mpa下进行。所用反应器为塔式反应器。从塔底加入水，在稍上部加入氯气，在再上部加入乙烯。水、次氯酸、乙烯并流向上通过反应器进行反应，得到氯乙醇含量为4%-5%（质量）的反应液；反应副产物为二氯乙烷、二氯乙基醚等。从反应器顶部逸出的气体进入冷凝，不凝气体大部分为未反应的乙烯，除少量放空外，大部分经水洗、碱洗后返回反应循环使用。2、皂化上述冷凝液与反应器中溢出的反应液一起送入皂化水解塔。水解塔温度低于100℃，压力为常压；加入过量10%-20%的石灰乳，氯乙醇在皂化塔中水解为环氧乙烷后，与其他氯化副产物一起从塔顶蒸出；然后依次经初馏塔和精馏塔脱去低沸物和高沸物后而得环氧乙烷产品。消耗定额（kg/t）：乙烯800，氯气2000，石灰1600；同时副产氯化钙3200，二氯乙烷100-150。

(2)氧化法
由乙烯与空气或氧气通过银催化剂于200～300℃和1～3 MPa压力下在气相直接氧化制得。
氧化法催化剂一般含银10%～30％，有效助催化剂是碱金属和碱土金属(如铁、钙等)。常用的载体为α-氧化铝或碳化硅，反应后生成氧化气体，于吸收塔内用水吸收，未反应的乙烯循环回反应器，吸收液经解吸蒸馏而得产品。

工艺流程：新鲜乙烯、空气和循环气体混合后在换热器中与反应器中出来的气体换热；然后加入（2－3）×10-6的二氯乙烷，使催化剂活性降低，同是提高其选择性。该混合气体随后进反应器反应；反应后的气体经冷却后进第一水吸收塔，用水吸收其中的环氧乙烷；未吸收的气体大部分返回主反应器循环使用，少量（10%-20%）经补加空气，并预热后进副反应器反应；由副反应器出来的反应气体经冷却后进第二水吸收塔。第一第二吸收塔；塔顶出来的解吸气体进净化塔，从塔底除去残佘的水；塔顶产物再经初馏塔、精馏塔分别除去轻组分和重组分后，得到环氧乙烷产品。消耗定额：乙烯0.9-1.0t/t,二氯乙烷18kg/t，催化剂18kg，冷却水19t/t，空气6000-7000平方立米，蒸汽0.09t/t，电800-1500KW·h/t。

精制方法：主要杂质是醛类(如甲醛、乙醛)，通过蒸馏装置可使含醛量不超过54mg/m3。其他精制方法有分子筛吸附法，2-乙基己酸处理法和甲醇蒸取蒸馏法等。

环氧乙烷海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 2910100000

环氧乙烷文献

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Air to lung partition coefficients for volatile organic compounds and blood to lung partition coefficients for volatile organic compounds and drugs.

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