亚硝酸钠_MSDS_作用_用途_亚硝酸钠CAS号【7632-00-0】

【用途一】
用作媒染剂、漂白剂、金属热处理剂、电镀缓蚀剂，医药上用作器械消毒、防腐剂
【用途二】
用作媒染剂、漂白剂、金属热处理剂、电镀缓蚀剂，医药上用作器械消毒剂、防腐剂等
【用途三】
用于肉制品加工中作发色剂
【用途四】
用作普通分析试剂、氧化剂和重氮化试剂，还用于亚硝酸盐和亚硝基化合物的合成
【用途五】
亚硝酸钠是我国允许使用的发色剂。它在肉中所含的乳酸的作用下游离出亚硝酸，进而分解出亚硝基(一N0)，后者能与肌红蛋白生成鲜红的亚硝基肌红蛋白而起护色的作用，并能产生特殊的风味。亚硝酸钠还能抑制多种厌氧性梭状芽孢菌，特别是对肉毒梭状芽孢杆菌有特殊的抑制作用。我国规定可用于腌制畜、禽肉类罐头和肉类制品，最大使用量0.15g/kg；残留量(以亚硝酸钠计)肉制品不得超过0.03g/kg，腌制盐水火腿，残留量为0.07g/kg，也可用于肉类罐头，不得超过0.05g/kg。
【用途六】
肉类发色剂；抗微生物剂；防腐剂。
在日本可用于肉类罐头、洋火腿、香肠、培根肉、咸牛肉等肉制品。可使用抗坏血酸、异抗坏血酸、半胱氨酸、烟酰胺等作为发色助剂。参考用量
【用途七】
肉类制品加工中用作发色剂，可用于肉类罐头、肉类制品。在肉制品中对抑制微生物的增殖有一定作用(对肉毒梭状芽孢杆菌有特殊抑制作用)，能提高腌肉的风味。可作防腐剂。
【用途八】
用于冰染染料、硫化染料、直接染料、酸性染料、分散染料、碱性染料、助染剂、H发孔剂的生产。也用于生产氨基偶氮苯、对位氨基苯酚等中间体。还用于有机颜料生产，如银珠R、鲜艳大红、大红粉、烛红、甲苯胺紫红、猩红色淀、立索尔大红、紫酱色淀CK等。医药工业用于制造乙胺嘧啶、氨基吡啉等。用于生产香兰素。用作丝绸和亚麻的漂白。织物染色的媒染剂。还用于金属热处理和电镀缓蚀剂。用于切削油、润滑油、抗冻液、液压系统。
【用途九】
用作媒染剂、漂白剂、金属热处理剂、电镀缓蚀剂，医药上用作器械消毒、防腐剂。

【作用一】
用作媒染剂、漂白剂、金属热处理剂、电镀缓蚀剂，医药上用作器械消毒、防腐剂
【作用二】
用作媒染剂、漂白剂、金属热处理剂、电镀缓蚀剂，医药上用作器械消毒剂、防腐剂等
【作用三】
用于肉制品加工中作发色剂
【作用四】
用作普通分析试剂、氧化剂和重氮化试剂，还用于亚硝酸盐和亚硝基化合物的合成
【作用五】
亚硝酸钠是我国允许使用的发色剂。它在肉中所含的乳酸的作用下游离出亚硝酸，进而分解出亚硝基(一N0)，后者能与肌红蛋白生成鲜红的亚硝基肌红蛋白而起护色的作用，并能产生特殊的风味。亚硝酸钠还能抑制多种厌氧性梭状芽孢菌，特别是对肉毒梭状芽孢杆菌有特殊的抑制作用。我国规定可用于腌制畜、禽肉类罐头和肉类制品，最大使用量0.15g/kg；残留量(以亚硝酸钠计)肉制品不得超过0.03g/kg，腌制盐水火腿，残留量为0.07g/kg，也可用于肉类罐头，不得超过0.05g/kg。
【作用六】
肉类发色剂；抗微生物剂；防腐剂。在日本可用于肉类罐头、洋火腿、香肠、培根肉、咸牛肉等肉制品。可使用抗坏血酸、异抗坏血酸、半胱氨酸、烟酰胺等作为发色助剂。参考用量
【作用七】
肉类制品加工中用作发色剂，可用于肉类罐头、肉类制品。在肉制品中对抑制微生物的增殖有一定作用(对肉毒梭状芽孢杆菌有特殊抑制作用)，能提高腌肉的风味。可作防腐剂。
【作用八】
用于冰染染料、硫化染料、直接染料、酸性染料、分散染料、碱性染料、助染剂、H发孔剂的生产。也用于生产氨基偶氮苯、对位氨基苯酚等中间体。还用于有机颜料生产，如银珠R、鲜艳大红、大红粉、烛红、甲苯胺紫红、猩红色淀、立索尔大红、紫酱色淀CK等。医药工业用于制造乙胺嘧啶、氨基吡啉等。用于生产香兰素。用作丝绸和亚麻的漂白。织物染色的媒染剂。还用于金属热处理和电镀缓蚀剂。用于切削油、润滑油、抗冻液、液压系统。
【作用九】
用作媒染剂、漂白剂、金属热处理剂、电镀缓蚀剂，医药上用作器械消毒、防腐剂。

[ 密度 ]:
1.29 g/mL at 25 °C

[ 沸点 ]:
320 °C

[ 熔点 ]:
271 °C(lit.)

[ 分子式 ]:
NNaO₂

[ 分子量 ]:
68.995

[ 精确质量 ]:
68.982674

[ PSA ]:
52.49000

[ LogP ]:
0.25060

[ 外观性状 ]:
白色至灰白色粉末

[ 储存条件 ]:
库房通风低温干燥,与有机物,还原剂,硫磷等易燃物,食品原料分开存放

[ 稳定性 ]:
Stable. Incompatible with reducing agents, strong oxidizing agents, organics and other flammable materials, finely powdered metals. Contact with combustible material may lead to fire. Hygroscopic.

[ 水溶解性 ]:
820 g/L (20 ºC)

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: RA1225000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Nitrous acid, sodium salt

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 7632-00-0

LAST UPDATED :: 199712

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 133

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: N-O2.Na

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 69.00

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: NA N-O-O

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration into the eye

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human

DOSE/DURATION :: 14 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Vascular - regional or general arteriolar or venous dilation Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :: 321 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - coma Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cyanosis Blood - methemoglobinemia-carboxyhemoglobin

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :: 1714 ug/kg/70M

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Cardiac - pulse rate increase, without fall in BP Vascular - BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human

DOSE/DURATION :: 71 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - coma Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting Blood - methemoglobinemia-carboxyhemoglobin

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - child

DOSE/DURATION :: 22 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Vascular - other changes

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 180 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 5500 ug/m3/4H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 96600 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 65 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 175 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Vascular - BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section Vascular - regional or general arteriolar or venous dilation

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 158 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 150 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - excitement Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory stimulation Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 330 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 60 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - flaccid paralysis without anesthesia (usually neuromuscular blockage) Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 15 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - cat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1500 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - cat

DOSE/DURATION :: 35 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cyanosis Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 186 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 60 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 80 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - spastic paralysis with or without sensory change Behavioral - coma Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - urine volume increased

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Amphibian - frog

DOSE/DURATION :: 1 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 22500 mg/kg/90D-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Liver - other changes Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - other transferases

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 17080 mg/kg/61D-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Brain and Coverings - changes in surface EEG Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Blood - methemoglobinemia-carboxyhemoglobin

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 4477 mg/kg/26W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Blood - methemoglobinemia-carboxyhemoglobin Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - dehydrogenases Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - transaminases

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 134 gm/kg/64W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 300 ug/m3/4H/30D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - phosphatases Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - catalases

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 125 ug/m3/22W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Brain and Coverings - recordings from specific areas of CNS Blood - other changes Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - phosphatases

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 960 mg/kg/30D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Liver - other changes Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - catalases Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 185 gm/kg/61W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - changes in lung weight Liver - changes in liver weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 2190 gm/kg/2Y-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Gastrointestinal - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 2149 mg/kg male 2 week(s) pre-mating female 2 week(s) pre-mating - 3 week(s) post-birth

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Reproductive - Tumorigenic effects - transplacental tumorigenesis Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 63 gm/kg/95W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Gastrointestinal - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 91 gm/kg/2Y-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages - tumors Reproductive - Tumorigenic effects - testicular tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 183 gm/kg/2Y-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages - tumors Reproductive - Tumorigenic effects - testicular tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 100 gm/kg/2Y-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 40 gm/kg/56W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 365 gm/kg/2Y-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Gastrointestinal - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 660 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 1-22 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 11 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 1-22 day(s) after conception lactating female 21 day(s) post-birth

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - biochemical and metabolic Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - other postnatal measures or effects

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 10280 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 1-22 day(s) after conception lactating female 20 day(s) post-birth

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - weaning or lactation index (e.g., # alive at weaning per # alive at day 4)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 6080 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: lactating female 20 day(s) post-birth

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - other postnatal measures or effects

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

DOSE :: 400 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 10-19 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - blood and lymphatic systems (including spleen and marrow) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 280 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 1-14 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - blood and lymphatic systems (including spleen and marrow)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 1200 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 6-15 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 1680 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: male 14 day(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - male fertility index (e.g. # males impregnating females per # males exposed to fertile nonpregnant females)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 840 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: male 14 day(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

DOSE :: 36 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 30-31 week(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - other effects to embryo

TYPE OF TEST :: Specific locus test

TYPE OF TEST :: Cytogenetic analysis

TYPE OF TEST :: Cytogenetic analysis

TYPE OF TEST :: Cytogenetic analysis

TYPE OF TEST :: Cytogenetic analysis

TYPE OF TEST :: Sister chromatid exchange

TYPE OF TEST :: Sperm Morphology

TYPE OF TEST :: Micronucleus test

TYPE OF TEST :: Morphological transformation

TYPE OF TEST :: Mutation in mammalian somatic cells

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: DNA damage

TEST SYSTEM :: Mammal - species unspecified Lymphocyte

DOSE/DURATION :: 1 mol

REFERENCE :: JCPBAN Journal de Chimie Physique et de Physico-Chimie Biologique. (CDR-Centrale des Revues, 11, rue Gossin, F-92543 Montrouge Cedex, France) V.1- 1903- Volume(issue)/page/year: 58,1005,1961 *** REVIEWS *** TOXICOLOGY REVIEW JSFAAE Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. (Blackwell Scientific Pub. Inc., 52 Beacon St., Boston, MA 02108) V.1- 1950- Volume(issue)/page/year: 26,1761,1975 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW FNSCA6 Forensic Science. (Lausanne, Switzerland) V.1-11, 1972-78. For pub lisher information, see FSINDR. Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,67,1973 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** EPA FIFRA 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,7740,1989 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-HUNGARY:STEL 1 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 69230 No. of Facilities: 40763 (estimated) No. of Industries: 229 No. of Occupations: 127 No. of Employees: 389731 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 69230 No. of Facilities: 47686 (estimated) No. of Industries: 250 No. of Occupations: 169 No. of Employees: 928532 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 274167 (estimated)

[ 符号 ]:

GHS03, GHS06, GHS09

[ 信号词 ]:
Danger

[ 危害声明 ]:
H272-H301-H319-H400

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P220-P273-P301 + P310-P305 + P351 + P338

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face respirator (US);Gloves;multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US);type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
T:Toxic

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R25;R50;R8

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S45-S61-S36-S26

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 3219 5.1/PG 3

[ WGK德国 ]:
3

[ RTECS号 ]:
RA1225000

[ 包装等级 ]:
III

[ 危险类别 ]:
5.1

[ 海关编码 ]:
2834299090

详细合成路线

亚硝酸钠上游产品

亚硝酸钠下游产品

1.使氨气氧化产生氧化氮气体，用氢氧化钠或碳酸钠溶液吸收。
用铅还原硝酸钠，加热熔化硝酸钠，加少量金属铅，搅拌并继续加热至铅全部氧化。生成的块状物边冷却边分成小块，用热水萃取生成的氧化铅数次。通入二氧化碳气体使生成碳酸铅沉淀，经过滤，用稀硝酸准确中和滤液后，蒸发、浓缩析出亚硝酸钠结晶。经吸滤，用乙醇洗涤后干燥，再重结晶精制而得。

2.用烧碱溶液或纯碱吸收硝酸或硝酸盐生产中排出的含有少量NO和NO2的尾气，尾气中NO/NO2的比例要调节至使中和液中NaNO2与NaNO3的质量之比在8以下，在吸收过程中中和液应避免出现酸性，以免腐蚀设备。当中和液的相对密度为1.24～1.25，纯碱含量为3～5g/L时送去蒸发，在132℃时吸收液蒸发浓缩，然后冷至75℃，析出亚硝酸钠呈结晶，再经分离、干燥即得产品。反应方程式如下：

3.将硝酸合硝酸盐生产时排除的尾气中的一氧化氮合二氧化氮，用纯碱或烧碱溶液吸收而得中和液，经蒸发、结晶，然后利用亚硝酸钠与硝酸钠在水中的溶解度不同而将二者分离，即得成品。

4.将42.5g硝酸钠与100g金属铅在瓷(或铁)坩埚中熔融搅拌，冷却后用200mL热水抽提，通入CO2数分钟，以沉淀溶于水中的氧化铅，铁离子等。过滤，滤液用稀硝酸酸化后，蒸发浓缩至干。然后加200～250mL乙醇在残渣上煮沸，过滤滤液以除去少量的硝酸钠，蒸馏滤液除去乙醇，则得到白色粉末，亚硝酸钠约20g。

提纯方法：将100g亚硝酸钠在70～80℃下溶于100mL水中，加入1～2g纯氢氧化钠以沉淀铁，冷却过滤，蒸发结晶，二次再结晶纯度更高，产量为75g。

5.采用吸收法。将稀硝酸生产过程中排出的尾气中一氧化氮和二氧化氨的比例调节到使中和液的亚硝酸和硝酸钠的质量比在8以下。然后将尾气自吸收塔底部通入，纯碱溶液从吸收塔的顶部喷淋吸收气体中的氧化氮，生成中和液。当中和液的相对密度为1.24～1.25、碳酸钠含量为3～5g/l时，进行蒸发浓缩、冷却结晶50～70℃析出亚硝酸钠结晶，再经离心分离，制得亚硝酸钠成品。其反应式如下。

经离心分离出的母液，用作生产硝酸钠的原料。

6.将1份工业品亚硝酸钠溶解在1.5～2.0份70～80℃的纯水中。添加固体试剂氢氧化钠，调节PH值为12，静置沉淀，然后过滤。滤液蒸发到密度为1.45时再过滤，滤液冷却到室温，析出的亚硝酸钠晶体，用布氏漏斗抽滤，并不断搅拌，用少量冷水洗涤，然后移入磨口瓶中。母液可再蒸发结晶而得到大量亚硝酸钠，但需进行重结晶。

7.在氢氧化钠醇溶液中加入亚硝酸乙酯，放置二天，进行如下反应：

挥发物质，剩余物滤出（亚硝酸钠含量高达91%～96%）后在水中进行重结晶，可得亚硝酸钠含量95.5% ～99.8%。

[ 海关编码 ]: 2834299090

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