三羟甲基丙烷

三羟甲基丙烷用途

【用途一】
用作合成树脂的原料，也用于合成航空润滑油、增塑剂等
【用途二】
用作甘油代用品，也用于干性油的合成
【用途三】
广泛用于聚酯和聚氨酯泡沫塑料生产，也用于醇酸涂料、合成润滑剂、增塑剂、表面活性剂、松香酯和炸药的制造。还直接用作纺织助剂和PVC树脂的热稳定，在醇酸树脂中应用，可提高树脂的坚固性、色调、耐候性、耐化学品性、密封性。
【用途四】
分子的A位上含有三个羟甲基，是一种新戊结构的三元醇。具有提高树脂坚固性、耐腐蚀性、密封性；对于水解、热解及氧化具有良好的稳定性；三个羟基具有同等反应等优异的性能。

三羟甲基丙烷名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
77-99-6

[ 中文名 ]:
1,1,1-三羟甲基丙烷

[ 英文名 ]:
Trimethylol propane

[中文别名 ]:

[英文别名 ]:

Oxacyclobutane
Trimethylene oxide/Oxetane
MFCD00004694
EINECS 201-074-9
Trimethylene Oxide
TMP
Oxetane
Cyclooxabutane
2-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol
Trimethylene oxide (8CI)

三羟甲基丙烷物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
0.9±0.1 g/cm3

[ 沸点 ]:
49.0±0.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ 熔点 ]:
56-58 °C(lit.)

[ 分子式 ]:
C₃H₆O

[ 分子量 ]:
58.079

[ 闪点 ]:
-32.0±15.3 °C

[ 精确质量 ]:
58.041866

[ PSA ]:
60.69000

[ LogP ]:
-0.24

[ 外观性状 ]:
结晶片

[ 蒸汽密度 ]:
4.8 (vs air)

[ 蒸汽压 ]:
317.0±0.0 mmHg at 25°C

[ 折射率 ]:
1.412

[ 储存条件 ]:
库房通风低温干燥

[ 水溶解性 ]:
soluble

三羟甲基丙烷MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

三羟甲基丙烷毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: TY6470000

CHEMICAL NAME :: 1,3-Propanediol, 2-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)-

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 77-99-6

BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. :: 1698309

LAST UPDATED :: 199710

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 7

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C6-H14-O3

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 14100 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression

REFERENCE :: HYSAAV Hygiene and Sanitation (USSR). English translation of GISAAA. (Springfield, VA) 1964-71. Discontinued. Volume(issue)/page/year: 32(5),288,1967

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 13700 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression

REFERENCE :: HYSAAV Hygiene and Sanitation (USSR). English translation of GISAAA. (Springfield, VA) 1964-71. Discontinued. Volume(issue)/page/year: 32(5),288,1967 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 83589 No. of Facilities: 2495 (estimated) No. of Industries: 28 No. of Occupations: 54 No. of Employees: 33290 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 83589 No. of Facilities: 5573 (estimated) No. of Industries: 48 No. of Occupations: 43 No. of Employees: 74356 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 12646 (estimated)

三羟甲基丙烷安全信息

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Gloves;type N95 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S22-S24/25

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
NONH for all modes of transport

[ WGK德国 ]:
1

[ RTECS号 ]:
TY6470000

[ 海关编码 ]:
2905410000

三羟甲基丙烷合成路线

详细合成路线

三羟甲基丙烷上下游产品

三羟甲基丙烷上游产品

三羟甲基丙烷下游产品

三羟甲基丙烷制备

正丁醛与甲醛在碱性性条件下进行醇醛缩合反应，反应液经浓缩除盐，再用离子交换树脂脱色，提纯，最后用薄膜蒸发器蒸发、冷却、轧片，得成品。原料消耗定额：正丁醛（≥95%）950kg/t、甲醛（37%）3400kg/t。

精制方法：一般用减压蒸馏精制。由于制造时有甲酸钠混入而易发生热解作用，需先用离子交换树脂除去，并在蒸馏时加入铵盐、对苯二酚或α萘酚作稳定剂。若需进一步精制，可用乙醚丙酮（1：1）进行重结晶。

以三乙胺为催化剂的缩合歧化法　该法是以正丁醛和甲醛为原料，以三乙胺为催化剂进行羟醛缩合反应生成2,2-二羟甲基丁醛，再与过量的甲醛和碱作用发生康尼查罗反应生成三羟甲基丙烷，胺盐分解回收催化剂三乙胺，然后在精馏塔中提纯得三羟甲基丙烷。反应式如下：

缩合加氢法　以正丁醛和甲醛为原料，以三乙胺为催化剂进行羟醛缩合反应生成2,2-二羟甲基丁醛，然后催化加氢生成三羟甲基丙烷，加氢后的反应液经减压蒸馏得产品三羟甲基丙烷。加氢用催化剂一般分为两类：一类是钯碳催化剂，反应条件温和，一般反应温度为140℃，反应压力为0.98MPa，但价格较贵；另一类是铜系催化剂，载体为γ三氧化二铝，操作条件为反应温度130℃，压力3.0MPa。

三羟甲基丙烷海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 2905410000

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