32986-56-4

• 常用中文名：妥布霉素
• 常用英文名：Tobramycin
• CAS号：32986-56-4
• 分子式：C₁₈H₃₇N₅O₉
• 分子量：467.514
• 相关类别： 原料药 抗生素类药物 氨基糖苷类药
• 发布时间：2018-06-10 11:21:10
• 更新时间：2024-01-02 18:12:30
• Tobramycin是氨基糖苷类广谱抗生素,由黑暗链霉菌产生。

名称

• 中文名: 妥布霉素
• 英文名: tobramycin
• 中文别名: 托普霉素; 托普霉素; O-[3-AMINO-3-DEOXY-ALPHA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSYL-(1锟斤拷6)]-O-[2,6-DIAMINO-2,3,6-TRIDEOXY-ALPHA-D-RIBOHEXOPYRANOSYL-(1锟斤拷4)]-2-DEOXY-D-STREPTAMINE; O-3-氨基-3-脱氧-alpha-O-葡吡喃糖基-(1→6)-O-[2,6-二氨基-2,3,6-三脱氧-alpha-D-核-己吡喃糖基-(1→4)]-2-脱氧-D-链霉胺; 妥布拉霉素; 托普; 妥布霉素
• 英文别名: (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4-Amino-2-{[(1S,2S,3R,4S,6R)-4,6-diamino-3-{[(2R,3R,5S,6R)-3-amino-6-(aminomethyl)-5-hydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl]oxy}-2-hydroxycyclohexyl]oxy}-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,5-diol; Tobramaxin; obracin; Tobramycin Base; nebicina; EINECS 251-322-5; Burlamycin; MFCD00077885; (1S,2S,3R,4S,6R)-4,6-diamino-3-[(2,6-diamino-2,3,6-trideoxy-a-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-2-hydroxycyclohexyl 3-amino-3-deoxy-a-D-glucopyranoside; Tobracin; 4-[2,6-Diamino-2,3,6-trideoxy-a-D-glycopyranosyl]-6-[3-amino-3-deoxy-a-D-glycopyranosyl]-2-deoxystreptamine; a-D-glucopyranoside, (1S,2S,3R,4S,6R)-4,6-diamino-3-[(2,6-diamino-2,3,6-trideoxy-a-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-2-hydroxycyclohexyl 3-amino-3-deoxy-; (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4-amino-2-{[(1S,2S,3R,4S,6R)-4,6-diamino-3-{[(2R,3R,5S,6R)-3-amino-6-(aminométhyl)-5-hydroxytétrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl]oxy}-2-hydroxycyclohexyl]oxy}-6-(hydroxyméthyl)tétrahydro-2H-pyran-3,5-diol; O-3-Amino-3-deoxy-a-D-glucopyranosyl-(1®6)-O-[2,6-diamino-2,3,6-trideoxy-a-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl(1®4)]-2-deoxy-D-streptamine; tobra; (1S,2S,3R,4S,6R)-4,6-Diamino-3-[(2,6-diamino-2,3,6-trideoxy-α-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-2-hydroxycyclohexyl 3-amino-3-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranoside; gernebcin; Nebcin; Tobramax; Obramycin; Tobralex; α-D-Glucopyranoside, (1S,2S,3R,4S,6R)-4,6-diamino-3-[(2,6-diamino-2,3,6-trideoxy-α-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-2-hydroxycyclohexyl 3-amino-3-deoxy-; (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4-Amino-2-{[(1S,2S,3R,4S,6R)-4,6-diamino-3-{[(2R,3R,5S,6R)-3-amino-6-(aminomethyl)-5-hydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl]oxy}-2-hydroxycyclohexyl]oxy}-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran; distobram; Tobramycin; Tobrex; nf6

物化性质

• 密度: 1.5±0.1 g/cm3
• 沸点: 775.4±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
• 熔点: 178ºC
• 分子式: C₁₈H₃₇N₅O₉
• 分子量: 467.514
• 闪点: 422.8±32.9 °C
• 精确质量: 467.259125
• PSA: 268.17000
• LogP: -3.41
• 外观性状: 白色固体
• 蒸汽压: 0.0±6.0 mmHg at 25°C
• 折射率: 1.651
• 储存条件: 存放于惰性气体之中;避免湿气 (吸湿)
• 水溶解性: 水溶性：可溶

生物活性

• 描述: Tobramycin是氨基糖苷类广谱抗生素,由黑暗链霉菌产生。
• 相关类别:
  信号通路 >> 抗感染 >> 细菌
  研究领域 >> 感染
• 参考文献:

  [1]. http://www.toku-e.com/Upload/Products/PDS/20120515001224.pdf

  [2]. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tobramycin

MSDS

托普霉素 修改号码：5 模块1. 化学品 产品名称： Tobramycin 修改号码： 5 模块2. 危险性概述 GHS分类 　物理性危害未分类 　健康危害未分类 　环境危害未分类 GHS标签元素 　图标或危害标志无 　信号词无信号词 　危险描述无 　防范说明无 模块3. 成分/组成信息 单一物质/混和物单一物质 化学名(中文名)：托普霉素 百分比： >94.0%(T) CAS编码： 32986-56-4 俗名： O-[3-Amino-3-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->6)]-O-[2,6-diamino-2,3,6- trideoxy-α-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1->4)]-2-deoxy-D-streptamine 分子式： C18H37N5O9 模块4. 急救措施 吸入： 将受害者移到新鲜空气处，保持呼吸通畅，休息。若感不适请求医/就诊。 皮肤接触： 立即去除/脱掉所有被污染的衣物。用水清洗皮肤/淋浴。 若皮肤刺激或发生皮疹：求医/就诊。 眼睛接触：用水小心清洗几分钟。如果方便，易操作，摘除隐形眼镜。继续清洗。 如果眼睛刺激：求医/就诊。 食入： 若感不适，求医/就诊。漱口。 紧急救助者的防护：救援者需要穿戴个人防护用品，比如橡胶手套和气密性护目镜。 模块5. 消防措施 合适的灭火剂：干粉，泡沫，雾状水，二氧化碳 托普霉素 修改号码：5 模块5. 消防措施 特殊危险性：小心，燃烧或高温下可能分解产生毒烟。 特定方法：从上风处灭火，根据周围环境选择合适的灭火方法。 非相关人员应该撤离至安全地方。 周围一旦着火：如果安全，移去可移动容器。 消防员的特殊防护用具：灭火时，一定要穿戴个人防护用品。 模块6. 泄漏应急处理 个人防护措施，防护用具， 使用个人防护用品。远离溢出物/泄露处并处在上风处。 紧急措施：泄露区应该用安全带等圈起来，控制非相关人员进入。 环保措施：防止进入下水道。 控制和清洗的方法和材料：清扫收集粉尘，封入密闭容器。注意切勿分散。附着物或收集物应该立即根据合适的 法律法规处置。 模块7. 操作处置与储存 处理 技术措施：在通风良好处进行处理。穿戴合适的防护用具。防止粉尘扩散。处理后彻底清洗双手 和脸。 注意事项：如果粉尘或浮质产生，使用局部排气。 操作处置注意事项：避免接触皮肤、眼睛和衣物。 贮存 储存条件：保持容器密闭。存放于凉爽、阴暗处。 存放于惰性气体环境中。 防湿。 远离不相容的材料比如氧化剂存放。 易湿 包装材料：依据法律。 模块8. 接触控制和个体防护 工程控制：尽可能安装封闭体系或局部排风系统，操作人员切勿直接接触。同时安装淋浴器和洗 眼器。 个人防护用品 　呼吸系统防护：防尘面具。依据当地和政府法规。 　手部防护：防护手套。 　眼睛防护：安全防护镜。如果情况需要，佩戴面具。 　皮肤和身体防护：防护服。如果情况需要，穿戴防护靴。 模块9. 理化特性 外形（20°C）：固体 外观： 晶体-粉末 颜色： 白色-浅黄色 气味：无资料 pH:无数据资料 熔点： 178°C 沸点/沸程无资料 闪点：无资料 爆炸特性 　爆炸下限：无资料 　爆炸上限：无资料 密度：无资料 托普霉素 修改号码：5 模块9. 理化特性 溶解度： [水]溶于 [其他溶剂]无资料 模块10. 稳定性和反应性 化学稳定性：一般情况下稳定。 危险反应的可能性：未报道特殊反应性。 须避免接触的物质氧化剂 危险的分解产物: 一氧化碳, 二氧化碳, 氮氧化物 (NOx) 模块11. 毒理学信息 急性毒性： orl-mus LD50:>11500 mg/kg orl-rat LD50:>7500 mg/kg ipr-rat LD50:1030 mg/kg ivn-rat LD50:104 mg/kg scu-rat LD50:969 mg/kg 对皮肤腐蚀或刺激：无资料 对眼睛严重损害或刺激：无资料 生殖细胞变异原性：无资料 致癌性： IARC =无资料 NTP =无资料 生殖毒性：无资料 RTECS 号码: WK2100000 模块12. 生态学信息 生态毒性： 鱼类：无资料 甲壳类：无资料 藻类：无资料 残留性 / 降解性：无资料 潜在生物累积 （BCF):无资料 土壤中移动性 　log水分配系数：无资料 　土壤吸收系数 （Koc）：无资料 　亨利定律无资料 constant(PaM3/mol): 模块13. 废弃处置 如果可能，回收处理。请咨询当地管理部门。建议在可燃溶剂中溶解混合，在装有后燃和洗涤装置的化学焚烧炉中 焚烧。废弃处置时请遵守国家、地区和当地的所有法规。 模块14. 运输信息 联合国分类：与联合国分类标准不一致 UN编号：未列明 模块15. 法规信息 《危险化学品安全管理条例》（2002年1月26日国务院发布，2011年2月16日修订）: 针对危险化学品的安全使用、 生产、储存、运输、装卸等方面均作了相应的规定。 托普霉素 修改号码：5 模块16 - 其他信息 N/A

毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION RTECS NUMBER : WK2100000 CHEMICAL NAME : Streptamine, O-3-amino-3-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-4)-O-(2,6 -diamino-2,3,6- trideoxy-alpha-D-ribohexopyranosyl-(1-6))-2-deoxy-, D- CAS REGISTRY NUMBER : 32986-56-4 LAST UPDATED : 199612 DATA ITEMS CITED : 31 MOLECULAR FORMULA : C18-H37-N5-O9 MOLECULAR WEIGHT : 467.60 WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : T6OTJ CZ EQ F1Z BO- BL6TJ AZ CQ EZ DO- BT6OTJ CQ DZ EQ F1Q HEALTH HAZARD DATA ACUTE TOXICITY DATA TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - man DOSE/DURATION : 37714 ug/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - urine volume increased REFERENCE : AJKDDP American Journal of Kidney Diseases. (Grune & Stratton, Inc., Journal Subscription Dept., POB 6280, Duluth, MN 55806) V.1- 1981- Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,118,1994 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : >7500 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : YKYUA6 Yakkyoku. Pharmacy. (Nanzando, 4-1-11, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan) V.1- 1950- Volume(issue)/page/year: 27,1467,1976 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 1030 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : JIMRBV Journal of International Medical Research. (Cambridge Medical Pub. Ltd., 435/437 Wellingborough Rd., Northampton, NN1 4EZ, UK) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,100,1974 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 969 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - effect, not otherwise specified REFERENCE : TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 22,332,1972 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 104 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : JIMRBV Journal of International Medical Research. (Cambridge Medical Pub. Ltd., 435/437 Wellingborough Rd., Northampton, NN1 4EZ, UK) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,100,1974 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intramuscular SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 913 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : IYKEDH Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. (Nippon Koteisho Kyokai, 12-15, 2-chome, Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan) V.1- 1970- Volume(issue)/page/year: 8,107,1977 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : >11500 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : YKYUA6 Yakkyoku. Pharmacy. (Nanzando, 4-1-11, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan) V.1- 1950- Volume(issue)/page/year: 27,1467,1976 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 445 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : JIMRBV Journal of International Medical Research. (Cambridge Medical Pub. Ltd., 435/437 Wellingborough Rd., Northampton, NN1 4EZ, UK) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,100,1974 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 367 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - ptosis Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression REFERENCE : TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 25,398,1973 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 72500 ug/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral - ataxia Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea REFERENCE : ANTBAL Antibiotiki. (Moscow, USSR) V.1-29, 1956-84. For publisher information, see AMBIEH. Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,361,1984 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intramuscular SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 440 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : YKYUA6 Yakkyoku. Pharmacy. (Nanzando, 4-1-11, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan) V.1- 1950- Volume(issue)/page/year: 27,1467,1976 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - pig DOSE/DURATION : 676 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - ptosis Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression REFERENCE : TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 25,398,1973 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA ** TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 800 mg/kg/10D-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - other Enzymes Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - other REFERENCE : AMACCQ Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. (American Soc. for Microbiology, 1913 I St., NW, Washington, DC 20006) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 34,139,1990 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 1200 mg/kg/10D-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) REFERENCE : TOPADD Toxicologic Pathology. (c/o Dr. F.A. de la Iglesia, Warner-Lambert Co., Pharmaceutical Research Div., POB 1047, Ann Arbor, MI 48106) V.6(3/4)- 1978- Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,66,1991 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 560 mg/kg/14D-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition REFERENCE : AMACCQ Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. (American Soc. for Microbiology, 1913 I St., NW, Washington, DC 20006) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 13,34,1978 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intramuscular SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 1680 mg/kg/4W-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in bladder weight Blood - normocytic anemia REFERENCE : NKRZAZ Chemotherapy (Tokyo). (Nippon Kagaku Ryoho Gakkai, 2-20-8 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo 141, Japan) V.1- 1953- Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,1470,1975 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intramuscular SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 4550 mg/kg/26W-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in bladder weight Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) REFERENCE : NKRZAZ Chemotherapy (Tokyo). (Nippon Kagaku Ryoho Gakkai, 2-20-8 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo 141, Japan) V.1- 1953- Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,1470,1975 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 560 mg/kg/14D-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) REFERENCE : CLREAS Clinical Research. (Slack Inc., 6900 Grove Rd., Thorofare, NJ 08086) V.6- 1958- Volume(issue)/page/year: 26,141A,1978 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog DOSE/DURATION : 1050 mg/kg/35D-C TOXIC EFFECTS : Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes Endocrine - other changes Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) REFERENCE : KSRNAM Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. (Yubunsha Co., Ltd., 1-5, Kanda Suda-Cho, Chiyoda-ku, KS Bldg., Tokyo 101, Japan) V.1- 1960- Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,3587,1987 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intramuscular SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog DOSE/DURATION : 1050 mg/kg/35D-C TOXIC EFFECTS : Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes Endocrine - other changes Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) REFERENCE : KSRNAM Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. (Yubunsha Co., Ltd., 1-5, Kanda Suda-Cho, Chiyoda-ku, KS Bldg., Tokyo 101, Japan) V.1- 1960- Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,3587,1987 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intramuscular SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog DOSE/DURATION : 840 mg/kg/4W-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) Related to Chronic Data - death REFERENCE : NKRZAZ Chemotherapy (Tokyo). (Nippon Kagaku Ryoho Gakkai, 2-20-8 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo 141, Japan) V.1- 1953- Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,1494,1975 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intramuscular SPECIES OBSERVED : Primate - monkey DOSE/DURATION : 630 mg/kg/21D-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in bladder weight Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) REFERENCE : NKRZAZ Chemotherapy (Tokyo). (Nippon Kagaku Ryoho Gakkai, 2-20-8 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo 141, Japan) V.1- 1953- Volume(issue)/page/year: 26(Suppl 3),85,1978 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - guinea pig DOSE/DURATION : 1072 mg/kg/16D-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Sense Organs and Special Senses (Ear) - changes in cochlear structure or function REFERENCE : TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 65,222,1982 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intramuscular SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - guinea pig DOSE/DURATION : 2800 mg/kg/4W-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Sense Organs and Special Senses (Ear) - change in acuity Related to Chronic Data - death REFERENCE : NKRZAZ Chemotherapy (Tokyo). (Nippon Kagaku Ryoho Gakkai, 2-20-8 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo 141, Japan) V.1- 1953- Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,1522,1975 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intramuscular SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - guinea pig DOSE/DURATION : 540 mg/kg/90D-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Sense Organs and Special Senses (Ear) - changes in cochlear structure or function REFERENCE : NKRZAZ Chemotherapy (Tokyo). (Nippon Kagaku Ryoho Gakkai, 2-20-8 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo 141, Japan) V.1- 1953- Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,3707,1975 ** REPRODUCTIVE DATA ** TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal DOSE : 600 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 10-19 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - physical REFERENCE : TCMUD8 Teratogenesis, Carcinogenesis, and Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.1- 1980- Volume(issue)/page/year: 12,19,1992 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intramuscular DOSE : 150 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 9-14 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system REFERENCE : NKRZAZ Chemotherapy (Tokyo). (Nippon Kagaku Ryoho Gakkai, 2-20-8 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo 141, Japan) V.1- 1953- Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,1544,1975 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intramuscular DOSE : 600 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 7-12 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death REFERENCE : NKRZAZ Chemotherapy (Tokyo). (Nippon Kagaku Ryoho Gakkai, 2-20-8 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo 141, Japan) V.1- 1953- Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,1544,1975 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intramuscular DOSE : 150 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 7-12 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system REFERENCE : NKRZAZ Chemotherapy (Tokyo). (Nippon Kagaku Ryoho Gakkai, 2-20-8 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo 141, Japan) V.1- 1953- Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,1544,1975 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X3662 No. of Facilities: 721 (estimated) No. of Industries: 4 No. of Occupations: 10 No. of Employees: 22265 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 17753 (estimated)

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