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302-01-2

302-01-2结构式
302-01-2结构式
  • 常用中文名:
  • 常用英文名:HYDRAZINE
  • CAS号:302-01-2
  • 分子式:H4N2
  • 分子量:32.04520
  • 相关类别: 有机原料 肼或胲的有机衍生物
  • 发布时间:2018-06-05 08:00:00
  • 更新时间:2024-01-05 14:11:10
  • 【用途一】
    用于制造异烟肼、照相显影药剂、喷气式发动机燃料、火箭燃料、抗氧剂、还原剂、高压锅炉给水脱氧剂等
    【用途二】
    用作火箭燃料。高压锅炉水处理时用以脱除二氧化碳和氧气以防止腐蚀。农业上用作植物生长抑制剂,也用于烟草、土豆、玉米等的贮藏。医药上用于制异菸肼。另外,还用于尼龙、环氧树脂以及食用盐酸的制造,也用作再生催化剂、除草剂和燃料电池。
    【用途三】
    肼是一种应用广泛的化工原料。具有很高的燃烧热,可用作火箭和燃料电池的燃料。肼是一种强还原剂,可用来去除锅水和热水加热系统中的氧,以减少腐蚀。在肼的分子中,由于有两个亲核的氮和四个可供置换的氢,帮可以合成各种衍生动物,基中包括塑料发泡剂、抗氧剂、各种聚合物、聚合物交联剂和链延长剂、农药、除草剂、植物生长调节剂和药品等。肼极毒。小鼠口服LD50为59mg/kg,静脉注射LD50为57mg/kg。

化源商城直购

中文名
英文名 hydrazine
中文别名 联氨
英文别名 Diamine
Hydrazines
HYDRAZINE
Hydrazine solution
Levoxine
Oxytreat 35
EINECS 206-114-9
Nitrogen hydride
Hydrazine base
MFCD00011417
Diazane
密度 1.011
沸点 113.5ºC at 760 mmHg
熔点 14ºC
分子式 H4N2
分子量 32.04520
闪点 -4 °F
精确质量 32.03740
PSA 52.04000
LogP 0.21940
外观性状 无色冒烟的和吸湿的液体
蒸汽密度 >1 (vs air)
蒸汽压 5 mm Hg ( 25 °C)
折射率 n20/D 1.47(lit.)
储存条件

储存注意事项储存于阴凉、通风良好的专用库房内,实行“双人收发、双人保管”制度。远离火种、热源。库温不宜超过37℃。保持容器密封。应与氧化剂、金属粉末、食用化学品分开存放,切忌混储。采用防爆型照明、通风设施。禁止使用易产生火花的机械设备和工具。储区应备有泄漏应急处理设备和合适的收容材料。

稳定性

1.稳定性不稳定

2.禁配物 强氧化剂、氧、铜

3.避免接触的条件 受热

4.聚合危害不聚合

5.分解产物 氨、氢气、氮气

计算化学

1.疏水参数计算参考值(XlogP):-1.5

2.氢键供体数量:2

3.氢键受体数量:2

4.可旋转化学键数量:0

5.互变异构体数量:无

6.拓扑分子极性表面积52

7.重原子数量:2

8.表面电荷:0

9.复杂度:0

10.同位素原子数量:0

11.确定原子立构中心数量:0

12.不确定原子立构中心数量:0

13.确定化学键立构中心数量:0

14.不确定化学键立构中心数量:0

15.共价键单元数量:1

更多

1.性状:无色油状发烟液体,有吸湿性,有氨的臭味。

2.熔点(℃):2

3.沸点(℃):113.5

4.相对密度(水=1):1.01

5.相对蒸气密度(空气=1):1.1

6.饱和蒸气压(kPa):1.4(20℃)

7.燃烧热(kJ/mol):-622.1

8.临界温度(℃):380

9.临界压力(MPa):14.7

10.辛醇/水分配系数:-2.07

11.闪点(℃):38(CC);52.2(OC)

12.引燃温度(℃):270(玻璃表面)

13.爆炸上限(%):100

14.爆炸下限(%):2.9

15.溶解性:与水混溶,混溶于醇类,不溶于氯仿、乙醚。

第一部分:化学品名称
化学品中文名称:
无水肼
化学品英文名称:
hydrazine anhydrous
中文名称 2
无水联胺
英文名称 2
技术说明书编码:
366
CAS No.
302-01-2
分子式:
H4N2
分子量:
32.05


第二部分:成分 / 组成信息
有害物成分
含量
CAS No.
无水肼
302-01-2


第三部分:危险性概述
危险性类别:
侵入途径:
健康危害:
吸入肼蒸气出现头痛、头晕、恶心、呕吐、腹泻、眼及上呼吸道刺激症状。吸入高浓度蒸气迅速发生中枢神经系统症状,先兴奋,如躁动不安、强直性抽搐,很快进入抑制状态。口服中毒引起频繁恶心、呕吐、腹泻,以后出现暂时性中枢性呼吸抑制、心律紊乱及中枢神经系统症状。可有肝功能异常。液体可致眼及皮肤灼伤。长期接触可引起神经衰弱综合征、肝损害、皮肤损害。
环境危害:
燃爆危险:
本品易燃,具强腐蚀性、刺激性,可致人体灼伤。
第四部分:急救措施
皮肤接触:
立即脱去污染的衣着,用大量流动清水冲洗至少 15 分钟。就医。
眼睛接触:
立即提起眼睑,用大量流动清水或生理盐水彻底冲洗至少 15 分钟。就医。
吸入:
迅速脱离现场至空气新鲜处。保持呼吸道通畅。如呼吸困难,给输氧。如呼吸停止,立即进行人工呼吸。
食入:
用水漱口,给饮牛奶或蛋清。就医。


第五部分:消防措施
危险特性:
易燃,强还原剂。其蒸气能与空气形成范围广阔的爆炸性混合物。遇明火、高热极易燃烧爆炸。受热分解放出有毒的氧化氮烟气。燃烧时发出高热,可能发生爆炸。在空气中遇尘土、石棉、木材等疏松性物质能自燃。遇过氧化氢或硝酸等氧化剂,也能自燃。与各种金属氧化物接触能自行分解燃烧。具有强腐蚀性。
有害燃烧产物:
氧化氮。
灭火方法:
喷水冷却容器,可能的话将容器从火场移至空旷处。灭火剂:水、抗溶性泡沫、二氧化碳、干粉、砂土。遇大火,消防人员须在有防护掩蔽处操作。
第六部分:泄漏应急处理
应急处理:
迅速撤离泄漏污染区人员至安全区,并进行隔离,严格限制出入。切断火源。建议应急处理人员戴自给正压式呼吸器,穿防毒服。从上风处进入现场。尽可能切断泄漏源。防止流入下水道、排洪沟等限制性空间。小量泄漏:用砂土或其它不燃材料吸附或吸收。也可以用大量水冲洗,洗水稀释后放入废水系统。大量泄漏:构筑围堤或挖坑收容。用泡沫覆盖,降低蒸气灾害。喷雾状水冷却和稀释蒸汽、保护现场人员、把泄漏物稀释成不燃物。用防爆泵转移至槽车或专用收集器内,回收或运至废物处理场所处置。
第七部分:操作处置与储存
操作注意事项:
密闭操作,加强通风。操作人员必须经过专门培训,严格遵守操作规程。建议操作人员佩戴过滤式防毒面具(全面罩)或自给式呼吸器,穿连衣式胶布防毒衣,戴橡胶耐油手套。远离火种、热源,工作场所严禁吸烟。使用防爆型的通风系统和设备。防止蒸气泄漏到工作场所空气中。避免与氧化剂、金属粉末接触。在氮气中操作处置。充装要控制流速,防止静电积聚。搬运时要轻装轻卸,防止包装及容器损坏。配备相应品种和数量的消防器材及泄漏应急处理设备。倒空的容器可能残留有害物。
储存注意事项:
储存于阴凉、通风的库房。远离火种、热源。库温不宜超过 30 ℃。保持容器密封。应与氧化剂、金属粉末、食用化学品分开存放,切忌混储。采用防爆型照明、通风设施。禁止使用易产生火花的机械设备和工具。储区应备有泄漏应急处理设备和合适的收容材料。
第八部分:接触控制 / 个体防护
职业接触限值
中国 MAC(mg/m3)
0.13[ ]
前苏联 MAC(mg/m3)
未制定标准
TLVTN
OSHA 1ppm[ ]; ACGIH 0.01ppm[ ],0.013mg/m3[ ]
TLVWN
未制定标准
监测方法:
对二甲氨基苯甲醛分光光度法;溶剂解吸-气相色谱法
工程控制:
生产过程密闭,加强通风。提供安全淋浴和洗眼设备。
呼吸系统防护:
空气中浓度超标时,佩戴过滤式防毒面具(全面罩)或自给式呼吸器。紧急事态抢救或撤离时,建议佩戴空气呼吸器。
眼睛防护:
呼吸系统防护中已作防护。
身体防护:
穿连衣式胶布防毒衣。
手防护:
戴橡胶耐油手套。
其他防护:
工作现场禁止吸烟、进食和饮水。工作完毕,淋浴更衣。注意个人清洁卫生。


第九部分:理化特性
主要成分:
纯品
外观与性状:
无色发烟液体,有氨的臭味。
pH
熔点 ( )
1.4
沸点 ( )
113.5
相对密度 ( =1)
1.01
相对蒸气密度 ( 空气 =1)
1.11
饱和蒸气压 (kPa)
1.92(25)
燃烧热 (kJ/mol)
621.1
临界温度 ( )
380
临界压力 (MPa)
14.69
辛醇 / 水分配系数的对数值:
-1.37
闪点 ( )
38
引燃温度 ( )
270
爆炸上限 %(V/V)
2.9
爆炸下限 %(V/V)
98.0
溶解性:
与水混溶,溶于醇、液氨等多数有机溶剂。
主要用途:
制发泡剂、农作物杀虫剂和水处理剂。
其它理化性质:
第十部分:稳定性和反应活性
稳定性:
禁配物:
强氧化剂、氧、铜。
避免接触的条件:
受热、光照。
聚合危害:
分解产物:
第十一部分:毒理学资料
急性毒性:
LD50 60 mg/kg( 大鼠经口 ) 91 mg/kg( 兔经皮 )

LC50
746mg/m3 4 小时 ( 大鼠吸入 )
亚急性和慢性毒性:
刺激性:
致敏性:
致突变性:
致畸性:
致癌性:


第十二部分:生态学资料
生态毒理毒性:
生物降解性:
非生物降解性:
生物富集或生物积累性:
其它有害作用:
该物质对环境可能有危害,对鱼类应给予特别注意。


第十三部分:废弃处置
废弃物性质:
废弃处置方法:
处置前应参阅国家和地方有关法规。建议用焚烧法处置。与燃料混合后,再焚烧。焚烧炉排出的氮氧化物通过洗涤器除去。
废弃注意事项:
第十四部分:运输信息
危险货物编号:
33631
UN 编号:
2029
包装标志:
包装类别:
O51
包装方法:
玻璃瓶或塑料桶(罐)外全开口钢桶;磨砂口玻璃瓶或螺纹口玻璃瓶外普通木箱;螺纹口玻璃瓶、铁盖压口玻璃瓶、塑料瓶或金属桶(罐)外普通木箱。
运输注意事项:
铁路运输时应严格按照铁道部《危险货物运输规则》中的危险货物配装表进行配装。运输时运输车辆应配备相应品种和数量的消防器材及泄漏应急处理设备。夏季最好早晚运输。运输时所用的槽(罐)车应有接地链,槽内可设孔隔板以减少震荡产生静电。严禁与氧化剂、金属粉末、食用化学品等混装混运。运输途中应防曝晒、雨淋,防高温。中途停留时应远离火种、热源、高温区。装运该物品的车辆排气管必须配备阻火装置,禁止使用易产生火花的机械设备和工具装卸。公路运输时要按规定路线行驶,勿在居民区和人口稠密区停留。铁路运输时要禁止溜放。严禁用木船、水泥船散装运输。


第十五部分:法规信息
法规信息
化学危险物品安全管理条例 (1987 2 17 日国务院发布 ) ,化学危险物品安全管理条例实施细则 ( 化劳发 [1992] 677 ) ,工作场所安全使用化学品规定 ([1996] 劳部发 423 ) 等法规,针对化学危险品的安全使用、生产、储存、运输、装卸等方面均作了相应规定;常用危险化学品的分类及标志 (GB 13690-92) 将该物质划为第 3.3 类高闪点易燃液体。
第十六部分:其他信息
参考文献:
填表时间:
填表部门:
数据审核单位:
修改说明:
其他信息:
MSDS 修改日期:

毒理学数据:

1.急性毒性

LD50:60mg/kg(大鼠经口);91mg/kg(兔经皮)

LC50:130mg/m3(大鼠吸入,2h)

2.刺激性 暂无资料

3.亚急性与慢性毒性 动物亚急性和慢性毒性反应有呼吸道刺激、体重下降、贫血、白细胞增加,以及肺、肝、肾损害等。

4.致突变性 微生物致突变:鼠伤寒沙门菌120μg/皿。哺乳动物体细胞突变:小鼠淋巴细胞1mmol/L。DNA加合物:大肠杆菌10μmol/L。DNA抑制:人Hela细胞50μmol/L。

5.致畸性 大鼠孕后7~9d腹腔内给予最低中毒剂量(TDLo)30mg/kg,致中枢神经系统、泌尿生殖系统、肌肉骨骼系统发育畸形。

6.致癌性 IARC致癌性评论:G2B,可疑人类致癌物。

7.其他大鼠腹腔最低中毒剂量(TDLo):50mg/kg(孕后6~16d用药),有胚胎毒性。小鼠腹腔最低中毒剂量(TDLo):48mg/kg(孕后6~9d用药),有胚胎毒性,对骨骼肌肉系统有影响。

生态学数据:

1.生态毒性 LC50:0.61~3.85mg/L(96h)(鱼类)

2.生物降解性

好氧生物降解(h):24~168

厌氧生物降解(h):96~672

3.非生物降解性 空气中光氧化半衰期(h):0.674~5.57

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
MU7175000
CHEMICAL NAME :
Hydrazine
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
302-01-2
LAST UPDATED :
199712
DATA ITEMS CITED :
108
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
H4-N2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
32.06
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
ZZ

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
60 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
570 ppm/4H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - effect, not otherwise specified Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
59 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
55 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
53500 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
59 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
252 ppm/4H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - effect, not otherwise specified Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
62 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
57 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
200 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION :
96 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION :
25 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION :
16500 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
91 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
20 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
38500 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION :
190 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
1 ppm/24H/90D-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Related to Chronic Data - death
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
5 ppm/6H/26W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - muscle weakness Related to Chronic Data - death
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
10 mg/m3/4H/30D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - liver function tests impaired Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition Blood - changes in bone marrow (not otherwise specified)
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
1 ppm/24H/90D-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Related to Chronic Data - death
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
14 ppm/6H/5W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Related to Chronic Data - death
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION :
14 ppm/6H/26W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - food intake (animal) Behavioral - muscle weakness Related to Chronic Data - death
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Primate - monkey
DOSE/DURATION :
1 ppm/24H/90D-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Related to Chronic Data - death
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION :
14 ppm/6H/14W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Related to Chronic Data - death
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - hamster
DOSE/DURATION :
1 ppm/6H/1Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - other changes Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes Endocrine - other changes
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
900 mg/kg/2Y-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
5 ppm/6H/1Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Endocrine - thyroid tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
1951 mg/kg/2Y-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors Blood - lymphoma, including Hodgkin's disease
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
1 ppm/6H/1Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
400 mg/kg/5W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Blood - tumors Blood - leukemia
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - hamster
DOSE/DURATION :
1 ppm/6H/1Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Gastrointestinal - colon tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TC - Toxic concentration (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
5 ppm/6H/1Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TC - Toxic concentration (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
1 ppm/6H/1Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TC - Toxic concentration (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - hamster
DOSE/DURATION :
5 ppm/6H/1Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
4 mg/m3/2H
SEX/DURATION :
female 7-20 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
1 mg/m3/24H
SEX/DURATION :
female 1-11 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
DOSE :
50 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 9 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
DOSE :
100 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
DOSE :
50 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
DOSE :
30 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 7-9 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - urogenital system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
DOSE :
30 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 7-9 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
DOSE :
80 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 11-20 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
DOSE :
48 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-9 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
DOSE :
80 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-9 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - urogenital system
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
1 ppm/6H
SEX/DURATION :
male 1 year(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, sperm duct
TYPE OF TEST :
Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction
TYPE OF TEST :
Unscheduled DNA synthesis
TYPE OF TEST :
DNA inhibition
TYPE OF TEST :
DNA inhibition
TYPE OF TEST :
DNA damage

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
DNA damage
TEST SYSTEM :
Mammal - species unspecified Lymphocyte
REFERENCE :
BBACAQ Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1947- Volume(issue)/page/year: 174,591,1969 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-Animal carcinogen DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 0.013 mg/m3 (0.01 ppm) (skin) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 IARC Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,127,1974 IARC Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,223,1987 IARC Cancer Review:Group 2B IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,223,1987 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW AMIHBC AMA Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Medicine. (Chicago, IL) V.2-10, 1950-54. For publisher information, see AEHLAU. Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,199,1954 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ATXKA8 Archiv fuer Toxikologie. (Berlin, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.15-31, 1954-74. For publisher information, see ARTODN. Volume(issue)/page/year: 28,135,1971 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 1 ppm (1.3 mg/m3) (skin) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,127,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 1 ppm (1.3 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 1 ppm (1.3 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 1 ppm (1.3 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 1 ppm (1.3 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 0.1 ppm (0.1 mg/m3);Skin;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 0.1 ppm (0.13 mg/m3);Skin;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 0.1 ppm (0.13 mg/m3);STEL 0.3 ppm (0.4 mg/m3);Skin;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 0.1 ppm (0.1 mg/m3);Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY;Skin;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 0.1 ppm (0.13 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 1 ppm (1.3 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 0.1 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 0.1 ppm (0.1 mg/m3);STEL 0.3 ppm (0.4 mg/m3);Skin;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 0.1 ppm (0.13 mg/m3);Skin;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 1 ppm (1.3 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM;Skin JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO HYDRAZINES-air:CA CL 0.03 ppm/120M REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 38110 No. of Facilities: 2134 (estimated) No. of Industries: 37 No. of Occupations: 27 No. of Employees: 11185 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 38110 No. of Facilities: 2515 (estimated) No. of Industries: 44 No. of Occupations: 46 No. of Employees: 60490 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 2841 (estimated)

符号 GHS02 GHS07 GHS08 GHS09
GHS02, GHS07, GHS08, GHS09
信号词 Danger
危害声明 H225-H302 + H332-H315-H317-H319-H335-H350-H410
补充危害声明 May form explosive peroxides.
警示性声明 P201-P210-P280-P308 + P313-P370 + P378-P403 + P235
个人防护装备 Faceshields;full-face respirator (US);Gloves;Goggles;multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US)
危害码 (欧洲) T: Toxic;N: Dangerous for the environment;
风险声明 (欧洲) R45;R23/24/25;R34;R43;R50/53
安全声明 (欧洲) 53-26-45-61-60-36/37/39
危险品运输编码 UN 3293
WGK德国 3
RTECS号 MU7175000
包装等级 I
危险类别 8

1.肼的工业生产一直沿用拉希法。1981年10月,法国于吉纳-库尔曼公司研究成功亚胺过氧化氢氧化法,这是一个很有前途的生产方法。拉希法以氨和次氯酸钠为原料,经氯化和胺化制得肼:氨与次氯酸钠按1:3(摩尔比)导入反应器,反应获得氯胺。氯胺再与无水氨在肼反应器反应生成肼。可以采用尿素为原料,在高锰酸钾催化剂存在下,尿素和次氯酸钠-氢氧化钠溶液反应制得肼(见水合肼,[7803-57-8])。

2.脱水剂法 将烧碱和50%~54%的水合肼(质量比为10:8)混合,逐渐通入氮气以除空气,加热至碱液温度近118℃,待烧碱完全溶解后,冷却到60℃左右,进行真空蒸馏至蒸馏液含肼量90%~94%,再经分馏、除去水分后,冷凝,制得98%~99.5%的无水肼。

3.萃取脱水法 将水合肼溶液分馏蒸出水,直至水、肼达共沸(68%肼),将溶液二次分馏,加入苯胺以改变其沸点,将苯胺和水蒸出,从水中冷凝回收的苯胺可返回循环使用,二次分馏液再经三次分馏,制得无水肼。

4.尿素法 将次氯酸钠与氢氧化钠按一定比例混合配成溶液,边搅拌边加入尿素及少量高锰酸钾的混合液,直接通蒸汽加热至103~104℃进行氧化反应。反应液经蒸馏、分馏、真空浓缩得40%联氨,再经烧碱脱水减压蒸馏得80%联氨。其工艺流程见图7-1。

302-01-2 preparation