75-24-1

• 常用中文名：三甲基铝
• 常用英文名：trimethylaluminum
• CAS号：75-24-1
• 分子式：C₃H₉Al
• 分子量：72.085
• 相关类别： 有机原料 有机金属类化合物 有机铝
• 发布时间：2018-05-29 08:00:00
• 更新时间：2024-01-02 08:00:27
• 【用途一】
  三甲基铝用作烯烃聚合催化剂、引火燃料，也用于制取直链伯醇和烯烃等，可用于金属有机化合物气相沉积。

名称

• 中文名: 三甲基铝
• 英文名: Trimethylaluminium
• 中文别名: 三甲基; 三甲基铝1.0M庚烷溶液
• 英文别名: trimethyl aluminum; trimethylalumane; AlMe3; Aluminum trimethanide; EINECS 200-853-0; MFCD00008252; Trimethylaluminium; Aluminum, trimethyl-; trimethylaluminum

物化性质

• 密度: 0.81 g/mL at 25 °C
• 沸点: 126 °C
• 熔点: 15 °C
• 分子式: C₃H₉Al
• 分子量: 72.085
• 闪点: 40 °F
• 精确质量: 72.051964
• LogP: 1.75140
• 外观性状: 透明无色液体引火物
• 折射率: 1.432 (12ºC)
• 储存条件:

  密封贮藏，储存在阴凉、干燥、通风的地方，防静电。

  远离水源、热源、卤烃、酒精、胺类存放。

  避免与空气、水接触。
• 稳定性:

  与水分、空气、氧化物、酒精、卤烃、酸、碱、卤化物、氨水和胺分解。

• 水溶解性: REACTS
• 计算化学:

  1.疏水参数计算参考值（XlogP）:无

  2.氢键供体数量:0

  3.氢键受体数量:0

  4.可旋转化学键数量:0

  5.互变异构体数量:无

  6.拓扑分子极性表面积0

  7.重原子数量:4

  8.表面电荷:0

  9.复杂度:8

  10.同位素原子数量:0

  11.确定原子立构中心数量:0

  12.不确定原子立构中心数量:0

  13.确定化学键立构中心数量:0

  14.不确定化学键立构中心数量:0

  15.共价键单元数量:1

• 更多:

  1. 性状：无色液体

  2. 密度（g/mL,20℃）：0.688

  3. 相对蒸汽密度（g/mL,空气=1）：未确定

  4. 熔点（ºC）：15

  5. 沸点（ºC,常压）：126

  6. 沸点（ºC,5.2kPa）：未确定

  7. 折射率：未确定

  8. 闪点（ºF）：40

  9. 比旋光度（º）：未确定

  10. 自燃点或引燃温度（ºC）：-22

  11. 蒸气压（kPa,25ºC）：未确定

  12. 饱和蒸气压（kPa,60ºC）未确定：

  13. 燃烧热（KJ/mol）：未确定

  14. 临界温度（ºC）：未确定

  15. 临界压力（KPa）：未确定

  16. 油水（辛醇/水）分配系数的对数值：未确定

  17. 爆炸上限（%,V/V）：1.1

  18. 爆炸下限（%,V/V）：7.5

  19. 溶解性：与水反应强烈

MSDS

Name: Trimethylaluminum 1 0M solution in heptane Material Safety Data Sheet Synonym: None Known CAS: 75-24-1 Section 1 - Chemical Product MSDS Name:Trimethylaluminum 1 0M solution in heptane Material Safety Data Sheet Synonym:None Known Section 2 - COMPOSITION, INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS CAS# Chemical Name content EINECS# 75-24-1 Trimethylaluminium 10% 200-853-0 Hazard Symbols: F C N Risk Phrases: 11 14/15 34 50/53 65 67 Section 3 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION EMERGENCY OVERVIEW Highly flammable. Reacts violently with water liberating extremely flammable gases. Causes burns. Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed. Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness.Dangerous for the environment.Water-reactive.Highly flammable. Potential Health Effects Eye: Causes eye burns. Skin: Causes skin burns. Prolonged and/or repeated contact may cause defatting of the skin and dermatitis. Ingestion: Causes gastrointestinal tract burns. Aspiration of material into the lungs may cause chemical pneumonitis, which may be fatal. Inhalation: Inhalation of high concentrations may cause central nervous system effects characterized by nausea, headache, dizziness, unconsciousness and coma. Causes chemical burns to the respiratory tract. Chronic: Prolonged or repeated skin contact may cause dermatitis. Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES Eyes: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid immediately. Skin: Get medical aid. Get medical aid immediately. Immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. If water-reactive products are embedded in the skin, no water should be applied. The embedded products should be covered with a light oil. Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Get medical aid immediately. Potential for aspiration if swallowed. Get medical aid immediately. Do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Inhalation: Get medical aid immediately. Remove from exposure and move to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Do NOT use mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Notes to Physician: Treat symptomatically and supportively. Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES General Information: As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. During a fire, irritating and highly toxic gases may be generated by thermal decomposition or combustion. Water Reactive. Material will react with water and may release a flammable and/or toxic gas. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Flammable liquid and vapor. May re-ignite after fire is extinguished. Vapors are heavier than air and may travel to a source of ignition and flash back. Vapors can spread along the ground and collect in low or confined areas. This liquid floats on water and may travel to a source of ignition and spread fire. Extinguishing Media: Use approved class D extinguishing agents or smother with dry sand, clay, or sodium bicarbonate. Contact professional fire-fighters immediately. DO NOT USE WATER, CO2, OR FOAM DIRECTLY ON FIRE ITSELF. Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES General Information: Use proper personal protective equipment as indicated in Section 8. Spills/Leaks: Absorb spill with inert material (e.g. vermiculite, sand or earth), then place in suitable container. Avoid runoff into storm sewers and ditches which lead to waterways. Clean up spills immediately, observing precautions in the Protective Equipment section. Remove all sources of ignition. Use a spark-proof tool. Provide ventilation. Do not expose spill to water. A vapor suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. Section 7 - HANDLING and STORAGE Handling: Ground and bond containers when transferring material. Use spark-proof tools and explosion proof equipment. Do not breathe dust, vapor, mist, or gas. Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. Empty containers retain product residue, (liquid and/or vapor), and can be dangerous. Do not allow contact with water. Use only in a chemical fume hood. Do not pressurize, cut, weld, braze, solder, drill, grind, or expose empty containers to heat, sparks or open flames. Keep away from heat, sparks and flame. Storage: Keep away from sources of ignition. Store in a cool, dry place. Store in a tightly closed container. Flammables-area. Corrosives area. Water free area. Store under nitrogen. Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS, PERSONAL PROTECTION Engineering Controls: Facilities storing or utilizing this material should be equipped with an eyewash facility and a safety shower. Use adequate ventilation to keep airborne concentrations low. Use adequate general or local explosion-proof ventilation to keep airborne levels to acceptable levels. Exposure Limits CAS# 75-24-1: United Kingdom, WEL - TWA: (listed as aluminum, soluble salts): 2 mg/m3 TWA United Kingdom, WEL - STEL: (listed as aluminum, soluble salts): mg/m3 STEL Belgium - TWA: (listed as aluminum, soluble salts): 2 mg/m3 VLE ( Al) France - VME: (listed as aluminum, soluble salts): 2 mg/m3 VME Germany: (listed as aluminum, soluble salts): 2 mg/m3 VME Malaysia: (listed as aluminum, soluble salts): 2 mg/m3 TWA (as Al Spain: (listed as aluminum, soluble salts): 2 mg/m3 VLA-ED (as Al CAS# 142-82-5: United Kingdom, WEL - TWA: 500 ppm TWA United Kingdom, WEL - STEL: 1500 ppm STEL United States OSHA: 500 ppm TWA; 2000 mg/m3 TWA Belgium - TWA: 400 ppm VLE; 1664 mg/m3 VLE Belgium - STEL: 500 ppm VLE; 2085 mg/m3 VLE France - VME: 400 ppm VME; 1600 mg/m3 VME Germany: 500 ppm TWA; 2100 mg/m3 TWA Japan: 200 ppm OEL; 820 mg/m3 OEL Malaysia: 400 ppm TWA; 1640 mg/m3 TWA Netherlands: 400 ppm STEL; 1600 mg/m3 STEL Netherlands: 300 ppm MAC; 1200 mg/m3 MAC Spain: 500 ppm VLA-ED; 2085 mg/m3 VLA-ED Personal Protective Equipment Eyes: Wear chemical splash goggles. Skin: Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure. Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure. Respirators: Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29 CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Use a NIOSH/MSHA or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator if exposure limits are exceeded or if irritation or other symptoms are experienced. Section 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Physical State: Liquid Color: clear, colorless Odor: Not available. pH: Not available. Vapor Pressure: 20kPa @80 deg C Viscosity: 0.90 mPa s @30 deg C Boiling Point: 126 deg C Freezing/Melting Point: 15 deg C Autoignition Temperature: Not available. Flash Point: Not available. Explosion Limits, lower: Not available. Explosion Limits, upper: Not available. Decomposition Temperature: >180 deg C Solubility in water: reacts Specific Gravity/Density: 0.688 Molecular Formula: C3H9Al Molecular Weight: 72.09 Section 10 - STABILITY AND REACTIVITY Chemical Stability: Combines vigorously or explosively with water. Air sensitive. May violently decompose at temperatures above 190C. Conditions to Avoid: Ignition sources, exposure to air, excess heat, exposure to moist air or water, confined spaces. Incompatibilities with Other Materials: Strong oxidizing agents, water, acids, alcohols, oxygen, organic halides. Hazardous Decomposition Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, aluminum fumes. Hazardous Polymerization: Has not been reported. Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION RTECS#: CAS# 75-24-1: BD2204000 CAS# 142-82-5: MI7700000 LD50/LC50: Not available. CAS# 142-82-5: Inhalation, rat: LC50 = 103 gm/m3/4H. Carcinogenicity: Trimethylaluminium - Not listed by ACGIH, IARC, or NTP. Heptane (n-) - Not listed by ACGIH, IARC, or NTP. Other: See actual entry in RTECS for complete information. Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION Ecotoxicity: Fish: Goldfish: LC50 = 4.0 mg/L; 24 Hr.; UnspecifiedFish: Mosquito Fish: LC50 = 4900 mg/L; 24 Hr.; UnspecifiedFish: LC50 = 4900 mg/L; 24 Hr.; Unspecified Section 13 - DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS Dispose of in a manner consistent with federal, state, and local regulations. Section 14 - TRANSPORT INFORMATION IATA Shipping Name: ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUND DISPERSION, WATER-REACTIVE , FLAMMABLE, N.O.S.* Hazard Class: 4.3 (3) UN Number: 3207 Packing Group: I IMO Shipping Name: ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUND DISPERSION, WATER-REACTIVE , FLAMMABLE, N.O.S. Hazard Class: 4.3 (3) UN Number: 3207 Packing Group: I RID/ADR Shipping Name: ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUND DISPERSION, WATER-REACTIVE , FLAMMABLE, N.O.S. Hazard Class: 4.3 (3) UN Number: 3207 Packing group: I Section 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION European/International Regulations European Labeling in Accordance with EC Directives Hazard Symbols: F C N Risk Phrases: R 11 Highly flammable. R 14/15 Reacts violently with water liberating extremely flammable gases. R 34 Causes burns. R 50/53 Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R 65 Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed. R 67 Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness. Safety Phrases: S 9 Keep container in a well-ventilated place. S 16 Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking. S 29 Do not empty into drains. S 33 Take precautionary measures against static discharges. S 60 This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. S 61 Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/safety data sheets. S 62 If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label. WGK (Water Danger/Protection) CAS# 75-24-1: No information available. CAS# 142-82-5: 1 Canada CAS# 75-24-1 is listed on Canada's DSL List. CAS# 142-82-5 is listed on Canada's DSL List. CAS# 75-24-1 is not listed on Canada's Ingredient Disclosure List. CAS# 142-82-5 is listed on Canada's Ingredient Disclosure List. US FEDERAL TSCA CAS# 75-24-1 is listed on the TSCA inventory. CAS# 142-82-5 is listed on the TSCA inventory. SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION N/A

毒性和生态

毒理学数据: 摄入、吸入或经皮肤吸收后对身体有害。对眼睛、皮肤、黏膜有强烈刺激作用。吸入烟雾颗粒可引起置换血液蛋白质，导致过热反应。 生态学数据: 对水是极其危害的，即使是小量，对水体中的鱼和浮游生物是有毒害的。 对水中的有机物有毒。 CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION RTECS NUMBER : BD2204000 CHEMICAL NAME : Aluminum, trimethyl- CAS REGISTRY NUMBER : 75-24-1 BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. : 3587197 LAST UPDATED : 199712 DATA ITEMS CITED : 13 MOLECULAR FORMULA : C3-H9-Al

安全

• 符号: GHS02, GHS05, GHS07, GHS08
• 信号词: Danger
• 危害声明: H225-H250-H260-H304-H314-H336-H361d-H373
• 补充危害声明: Reacts violently with water.
• 警示性声明: P210-P231 + P232-P280-P301 + P310-P302 + P334-P303 + P361 + P353-P304 + P340 + P310-P305 + P351 + P338-P331-P370 + P378-P422
• 个人防护装备: Faceshields;full-face respirator (US);Gloves;Goggles;multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US);type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter
• 危害码 (欧洲): F:Flammable;C:Corrosive;N:Dangerousfortheenvironment;
• 风险声明 (欧洲): R11;R14/15;R34;R50/53;R65;R67
• 安全声明 (欧洲): S26-S36/37/39-S45-S61-S62-S6A-S43A-S24/25-S16-S43-S60-S33-S25-S24
• 危险品运输编码: UN 3399 4.3/PG 1
• WGK德国: 3
• RTECS号: BD2204000
• 包装等级: I
• 危险类别: 4.3

合成路线

上下游产品

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7446-70-0 97-93-8 7429-90-5 74-88-4
593-74-8 67-56-1 75-16-1 104946-37-4
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下游产品  10
100-41-4 103-29-7 108-88-3 74-89-5
7399-49-7 1074-92-6 106877-17-2 105859-45-8
112057-64-4 35779-04-5

制备

1.本品可由金属铝与二甲基汞加热制得；或由金属铝与卤甲烷制成三卤代三甲基二铝，然后再与金属钠反应制得。

2.采用Zn、EtBr和EtI在Cu盐和催化剂存在下进行反应生成的EtZnX(X=Br、I)，加热使其转化为二乙基锌，经蒸馏分离、纯化即可。

3.铝粉与碘甲烷反应生成碘化甲基铝，在干燥的癸烷液中与钾钠合金反应生成三甲基铝粗品。将粗品三甲基铝与癸烷混合物进行减压或常压蒸馏，即可得到高纯物。