137061-48-4

137061-48-4 structure
137061-48-4 structure
  • Name: PACAP(6-38), human, ovine, rat
  • Chemical Name: PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat
  • CAS Number: 137061-48-4
  • Molecular Formula: C203H331N63O53S
  • Molecular Weight: 4534.26
  • Catalog: Biochemical Peptide
  • Create Date: 2018-10-17 18:26:32
  • Modify Date: 2024-01-02 12:07:44
  • PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat is a neuropeptide with 38 amino acid residues. PACAP (1-38) binds to PACAP type I receptor, PACAP type II receptor VIP1, and PACAP type II receptor VIP2 with IC50s of 4 nM, 2 nM, and 1 nM, respectively.

Name PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat
Description PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat is a neuropeptide with 38 amino acid residues. PACAP (1-38) binds to PACAP type I receptor, PACAP type II receptor VIP1, and PACAP type II receptor VIP2 with IC50s of 4 nM, 2 nM, and 1 nM, respectively.
Related Catalog
Target

IC50: 4 nM (PACAP type I receptor), 2 nM (PACAP type II receptor VIP1), and 1 nM (PACAP type II receptor VIP2)[1]

In Vitro PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat is a fragment of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide[1]. PACAP (1-38) shows high affinity for PACAP specific (PAC1) receptor in membranes from various tissues including the endocrine pancreas[2]. In vitro, PACAP (1-38) relaxes guinea-pig and rabbit tracheal smooth muscle precontracted by histamine and by acetylcholine. PACAP (1-38) also increases adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic AMP) in tracheal smooth muscle, providing a possible mechanism for the relaxant effect of PACAP (1-38)[3].
In Vivo PACAP (1-38) alone in sham animals does not result in changes in any of the retinal layers. PACAP (1-38) dissolved in solutio ophthalmica cum benzalkonio leads to significant protection in the retina in bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO)-lesioned retinas; retinas treated with PACAP (1-38) eye drops have preserved structure compared to control retinas. OLM-ILM (outer limiting membrane-inner limiting membrane) distance is reduced by 49.7% (p<0.001) in BCCAO retinas compared to sham controls, but it is only 40.6% (p<0.001) in the eyes treated with PACAP (1-38) eye drops. A protection to a similar degree is found in the inner nuclear layer (INL) (BCCAO: 38.5%, PACAP (1-38): 30.5%; p<0.001), and inner plexiform layer (IPL) (BCCAO: 64.8%, PACAP (1-38): 38.2%; p<0.05), while no statistically significant attenuation of the damage is observed in the outer nuclear layer (ONL) (BCCAO: 36.5%, PACAP (1-38): 37.7%) or outer plexiform layer (OPL) (BCCAO: 53.0%, PACAP (1-38): 48.2%). The number of cells in the ganglion cell layer (GCL) is significantly decreased after BCCAO by 52.4% (p<0.05) and is significantly ameliorated by PACAP (1-38) eye drops (decreased by 25.9%; p<0.05)[4].
Animal Admin Rats[4] Wistar rats (n=20:n=12 for histological analysis, n=8 for immunohistochemical analysis) weighing 250-300 are fed and watered ad libitum, under light/dark cycles of 12/12 h. Directly after the operation within 1 min, the right eye is treated with PACAP (1-38) eye drops (1 µg/drop). The vehicle used is benzalkonium-chloride in a concentration of 0.005%, as it is the most effective vehicle to achieve neuroprotection with PACAP1-27 eye drops. The left eye serves as a control, treated only with the vehicle. A group of animals serve as the sham-operated group that undergo anesthesia and all steps of the surgical procedure except ligation of the carotid arteries. Rats are treated twice a day with one drop, for 5 consecutive days[4].
References

[1]. Gourlet P, et al. Fragments of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide discriminate between type I and II recombinant receptors. Eur J Pharmacol. 1995 Dec 4;287(1):7-11.

[2]. Yamaguchi N. Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide enhances glucose-evoked insulin secretion in the canine pancreas in vivo. JOP. 2001 Sep;2(5):306-16.

[3]. Lindén A, et al. Inhibition of bronchoconstriction by pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP 1-27) in guinea-pigs in vivo. Br J Pharmacol. 1995 Jul;115(6):913-6.

[4]. Werling D, et al. Passage through the Ocular Barriers and Beneficial Effects in Retinal Ischemia of Topical Application of PACAP (1-38) in Rodents. Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Mar 21;18(3). pii: E675.

Molecular Formula C203H331N63O53S
Molecular Weight 4534.26
Personal Protective Equipment Eyeshields;Gloves;type N95 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter
RIDADR NONH for all modes of transport
WGK Germany 3