Levulinic acid

Modify Date: 2024-01-02 03:09:01

Levulinic acid Structure
Levulinic acid structure
 Common Name Levulinic acid
CAS Number 123-76-2 Molecular Weight 116.115
Density 1.1±0.1 g/cm3 Boiling Point 242.9±13.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Molecular Formula C5H8O3 Melting Point 30-33 °C(lit.)
MSDS Chinese USA Flash Point 137.8±0.0 °C
Symbol GHS07
GHS07		 Signal Word Warning

 Use of Levulinic acid


Levulinic acid is a precursor for the synthesis of biofuels, such as ethyl levulinate.

 Names

Name 4-oxopentanoic acid
Synonym More Synonyms

 Levulinic acid Biological Activity

Description Levulinic acid is a precursor for the synthesis of biofuels, such as ethyl levulinate.
Related Catalog
Target

Human Endogenous Metabolite

References

[1]. Pileidis FD, et al. Levulinic Acid Biorefineries: New Challenges for Efficient Utilization of Biomass. ChemSusChem. 2016 Mar 21;9(6):562-82.

 Chemical & Physical Properties

Density 1.1±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point 242.9±13.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point 30-33 °C(lit.)
Molecular Formula C5H8O3
Molecular Weight 116.115
Flash Point 137.8±0.0 °C
Exact Mass 116.047340
PSA 54.37000
LogP -0.49
Vapour Pressure 0.0±1.0 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction 1.435

 Toxicological Information

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
OI1575000
CHEMICAL NAME :
Levulinic acid
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
123-76-2
BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. :
0506796
LAST UPDATED :
199701
DATA ITEMS CITED :
7
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
C5-H8-O3
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
116.13
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
QV2V1

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
REFERENCE :
FCTXAV Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. (London, UK) V.1-19, 1963-81. For publisher information, see FCTOD7. Volume(issue)/page/year: 17,847,1979 ** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
1850 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
FCTXAV Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. (London, UK) V.1-19, 1963-81. For publisher information, see FCTOD7. Volume(issue)/page/year: 17,847,1979
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
450 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information. Volume(issue)/page/year: AD607-952
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
>5 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
FCTXAV Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. (London, UK) V.1-19, 1963-81. For publisher information, see FCTOD7. Volume(issue)/page/year: 17,847,1979 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - M5013 No. of Facilities: 17 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 4 No. of Employees: 1732 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - M5013 No. of Facilities: 46 (estimated) No. of Industries: 2 No. of Occupations: 5 No. of Employees: 773 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 13 (estimated)

 Safety Information

Symbol GHS07
GHS07
Signal Word Warning
Hazard Statements H302-H315-H319-H335
Precautionary Statements P261-P305 + P351 + P338
Personal Protective Equipment dust mask type N95 (US);Eyeshields;Gloves
Hazard Codes C:Corrosive
Risk Phrases R22;R34
Safety Phrases S26-S45-S36/37/39
RIDADR 3261
WGK Germany 3
RTECS OI1575000
Packaging Group III
Hazard Class 8
HS Code 2915509000

 Synthetic Route

 Customs

HS Code 2915509000
Summary 2915509000 propionic acid, its salts and esters。supervision conditions:AB(certificate of inspection for goods inward,certificate of inspection for goods outward)。VAT:17.0%。tax rebate rate:9.0%。MFN tariff:5.5%。general tariff:30.0%

 Articles51

More Articles
Detoxification of biomass hydrolysates with nucleophilic amino acids enhances alcoholic fermentation.

Bioresour. Technol. 186 , 106-13, (2015)

Carbonyl compounds generated in biomass pretreatment hinder the biochemical conversion of biomass hydrolysates to biofuels. A novel approach of detoxifying hydrolysates with amino acids for ethanol pr...

Effectiveness of levulinic acid and sodium dodecyl sulfate employed as a sanitizer during harvest or packing of cantaloupes contaminated with Salmonella Poona.

Int. J. Food Microbiol. 207 , 71-6, (2015)

Freshly harvested Eastern variety cantaloupes (Cucumis melo L. var. reticulatus cv. Athena) were subjected to three different harvest and wash treatments to examine conditions under which the efficacy...

Differential expression of small RNAs under chemical stress and fed-batch fermentation in E. coli.

BMC Genomics 16 , 1051, (2015)

Bacterial small RNAs (sRNAs) are recognized as posttranscriptional regulators involved in the control of bacterial lifestyle and adaptation to stressful conditions. Although chemical stress due to the...

 Synonyms

4-Oxopentanoic acid
Levulinic acid
Levulic acid
4-oxovaleric acid
LAEVULINIC ACID
antithermin
b-Acetylpropionic Acid
4-Oxopentanoic acid,4-Oxovaleric acid
3-Acetylpropionic Acid
g-Ketovaleric acid
laevulic acid
MFCD00002796
Pentanoic acid, 4-oxo-
EINECS 204-649-2
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