Nivalenol

Modify Date: 2024-02-04 20:55:32

Nivalenol Structure
Nivalenol structure
Common Name Nivalenol
CAS Number 23282-20-4 Molecular Weight 312.315
Density 1.6±0.1 g/cm3 Boiling Point 585.1±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Molecular Formula C15H20O7 Melting Point 222-223ºC
MSDS USA Flash Point 221.9±23.6 °C
Symbol GHS02 GHS07
GHS02, GHS07
Signal Word Danger

 Use of Nivalenol


Nivalenol, classified as type B trichotecenes toxins produced by Fusarium graminearum, is a fungal metabolite present in agricultural product[1]. Nivalenol induces cell death through caspase-dependent mechanisms and via the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Nivalenol affects the immune system, causes emesis, growth retardation, reproductive disorders and has a haematotoxic/myelotoxic effect[2].

 Names

Name nivalenol
Synonym More Synonyms

 Nivalenol Biological Activity

Description Nivalenol, classified as type B trichotecenes toxins produced by Fusarium graminearum, is a fungal metabolite present in agricultural product[1]. Nivalenol induces cell death through caspase-dependent mechanisms and via the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Nivalenol affects the immune system, causes emesis, growth retardation, reproductive disorders and has a haematotoxic/myelotoxic effect[2].
Related Catalog
Target

Caspase

References

[1]. Bryła M, et al. Natural Occurrence of Nivalenol, Deoxynivalenol, and Deoxynivalenol-3-Glucoside in Polish Winter Wheat. Toxins (Basel). 2018 Feb 13;10(2).

[2]. Aupanun S, et al. Individual and combined mycotoxins deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, and fusarenon-X induced apoptosis in lymphoid tissues of mice after oral exposure. Toxicon. 2019 Jul;165:83-94.

 Chemical & Physical Properties

Density 1.6±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point 585.1±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point 222-223ºC
Molecular Formula C15H20O7
Molecular Weight 312.315
Flash Point 221.9±23.6 °C
Exact Mass 312.120911
PSA 119.75000
LogP -0.75
Vapour Pressure 0.0±3.7 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction 1.658
Storage condition -20°C

 Toxicological Information

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
YD0165000
CHEMICAL NAME :
Trichothec-9-en-8-one, 12,13-epoxy-3,4,7,15-tetrahydroxy-, (3-alpha,4-beta,7-alpha)-
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
23282-20-4
LAST UPDATED :
199703
DATA ITEMS CITED :
17
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
C15-H20-O7
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
312.35
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
T C665 A AX EV IO FUTJ B1 C1Q DQ F1 KQ LQ A-& BT3OX CHJ

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
19500 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
4100 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
900 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
5 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
4 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Gastrointestinal - other changes Endocrine - other changes Blood - changes in bone marrow (not otherwise specified)
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
5200 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
6300 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Gastrointestinal - ulceration or bleeding from small intestine Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
42 mg/kg/4W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Endocrine - changes in spleen weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - phosphatases
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
126 mg/kg/12W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Endocrine - changes in thymus weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - phosphatases
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
131 mg/kg/26W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - food intake (animal) Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
262 mg/kg/1Y-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - food intake (animal) Blood - leukopenia
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
3500 ug/kg/7D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Skin and Appendages - dermatitis, other (after systemic exposure) Skin and Appendages - hair

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
DNA inhibition
TEST SYSTEM :
Rodent - mouse Ascites tumor
DOSE/DURATION :
1 mg/L
REFERENCE :
EXPEAM Experientia. (Birkhaeuser Verlag, POB 133, CH-4010 Basel, Switzerland) V.1- 1945- Volume(issue)/page/year: 24,1032,1968 *** REVIEWS *** IARC Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 56,397,1993 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 26,225,1974 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW NUREA8 Nutrition Reviews. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) V.1- 1942- Volume(issue)/page/year: 31,169,1973

 Safety Information

Symbol GHS02 GHS07
GHS02, GHS07
Signal Word Danger
Hazard Statements H225-H302 + H332-H319
Precautionary Statements P210-P305 + P351 + P338
Personal Protective Equipment Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face respirator (US);Gloves;multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US);type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter
Hazard Codes T+: Very toxic;Xn: Harmful;F: Flammable;
Risk Phrases R26/27/28
Safety Phrases S22;S26;S28;S45;S36/S37;S36/S37/S39
RIDADR UN 2811 6
WGK Germany 3
RTECS YD0165000
Packaging Group I
Hazard Class 6.1(a)
HS Code 38220090

 Preparation


 Articles34

More Articles
Low toxicity of deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside in microbial cells.

Toxins (Basel.) 7(1) , 187-200, (2015)

Host plants excrete a glucosylation enzyme onto the plant surface that changes mycotoxins derived from fungal secondary metabolites to glucosylated products. Deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside (DON3G) is synt...

Toxicity induced by F. poae-contaminated feed and the protective effect of Montmorillonite supplementation in broilers.

Food Chem. Toxicol. 74 , 120-30, (2014)

The T-2 and HT-2 toxins, the main metabolites of Fusarium poae, induce toxicity in broilers and accumulate in tissues. Consequently, during the breeding process of broilers, diets are frequently suppl...

Pathogenicity, symptom development, and mycotoxin formation in wheat by Fusarium species frequently isolated from sugar beet.

Phytopathology 101(11) , 1338-45, (2011)

Crop rotations with putative non-host crops such as sugar beet are often recommended to reduce Fusarium head blight (FHB) in cereals. However, recent observations have shown pathogenic, endophytic, an...

 Synonyms

Nivalenol from Fusarium nivale
Trichothec-9-en-8-one, 12,13-epoxy-3,4,7,15-tetrahydroxy-, (2α,3α,4β,6β,7β,11β,12ξ)-
MFCD10567355
12,13-epoxy-3,4,7,15-tetrahydroxytrichothec-9-en-8-one
Nivalenol hydrate
fusarenon-X
NIV
Nivalenol in acetonitrile
(3β,4α,7α,12ξ)-3,4,7,15-Tetrahydroxy-12,13-epoxytrichothec-9-en-8-one
nivalenol solution
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